H M S INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Technical seminar report on

WHITE TOPPING ROADS

Presented By:
MUNIRAJU G
Guidance (1HM16CV433)
CHETHAN J
BE, M-Tech

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INTRODUCTION

White Topping is defined as a Portland Cement

Concrete (PCC) overlay constructed on the top of the
existing distressed bituminous pavement

White Topping is a PCC resurfacing (overlay) as a

rehabilitation or structural strengthening alternative
on bituminous pavement

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 Advantages of White Topping
 Long life, low maintenance, low life cycle cost,
improved safety and environmental benefits

 Bituminous overlay exhibits a more rapid loss of

serviceability as compared to concrete white
topping

 Deformation like rutting and cracking

predominant in case of bituminous pavement
which is normally absent with concrete surfaces of
white topping
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 Conventional White Topping improves structural
capacity of existing bituminous pavement, if built on
strong base course, and it impedes structural
distresses.

White Topping exhibits better reflectance,

reduction in heat island effect (Albedo), reduction in
street light requirements.

White Topping is quite cost effective to tackle

annual budget constraints and high traffic levels

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 A PCC overlay of thickness 200mm or more designed
and constructed without consideration of any bond
between the concrete overlay and underlying
bituminous layer

 It is constructed as a new rigid pavement without

assuming any composite action

 CWT treats the existing bituminous surface as a

subbase

 Bituminous surface should not suffer from any

isolated damages like subsidence or material related
problems

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 PCC overlay thickness greater than 100 and less
than 200 is known as Thin White Topping(TWT)

 The bond between the overlaid PCC and underlying

bituminous layer is often a consideration but not
mandatory

 High strength concrete with fibres are commonly

used

 Joint spacing – 0.6 to 1.25m

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 CONVENTIONAL WHITE TOPPING/ THIN WHITE TOPPING

•Localized areas of weakness can be strengthened through patching.

Milling can remove a number of asphalt surfaces distresses.

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 More Heavy Loaded Routes

 Rural Roads
 Medium to Moderately
Heavy Volume
Roads(e.g MDR, SH,
Low Traffic NH)
 Intersections
 Minor Airports
Pavements

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 PCC overlay Thickness equal to less than 100
mm is known as Ultra Thin White Topping(UTWT)

 Bonding is mandatory in between the underlying

bituminous layer and overlaid PCC layer.

 Bonding is achieved by milling the existing

bituminous surface upto 25mm depth.

 Joint Spacing – 0.6 to 1.25 m

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ULTRA THIN WHITE TOPPING(UTWT)

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 Light Loaded Routes
 Low Volume Roads
(Urban Streets, village
roads)

Parking lots

Footpaths

Residential Streets

Intersection
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 Location where UTWT/TWT Constructed in India
Sr. Location, Year & Thickness App. Length and Materials,
No subbase Grade of
Concrete
1 In Front of Pune Municipal 20 m over asphalt FRC
Corporation, 2003, 125mm pavement M40
2 CRRI Campus road,2004, 40- 300m over asphalt, DLC FRC,HPC,
75mm and Concrete pavement HPFRC M
New Delhi 35
3 MoolChand and PremBari 500m over reinforced FRC, M40
Underpass , 2006, 125 mm, concrete slab using
New Delhi portland
slag
cement
4 HRDC Centre, Ghaziabad, 1.75 km over M 7.5 HPFRC,
2006, 50 mm DLC laid over asphalt M35
pavement
5 NDMC Office Campus road at 200m over asphalt FRC, M35
parliament street,2006, pavement
100 mm
6 Hosur Road, Bangalore, 2011, Over sceapped M45
150 mm bituminous pavement
7 Mahul Road, Mumbai,100mm, 30-50m over milled HPFRC, 13
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 Typical higher cement content

 Fast track type construction

 Low water/cement ratio

 Steel fibers/Synthetic

 Creates Durable concrete, quick to opening to

traffic.

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CONSTRUCTION STEPS
FOR UTWT/TWT

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 Mill and clean surface.
 Place concrete, finish and cure
 Early sawing is required
 Opening to traffic.

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 MILLING
oMilling can remove
significant surface distortions
that likely contain poor
quality asphalt material

oMilling is used to reduce

high spots and help ensure
desired overlay depth and
reduce the quantity of oDirect placement without
concrete needed to fill low milling is recommended when
spots rutting in the existing asphalt
pavement does not exceed 2”.
oMilling roughens the
surface to enhance the bond oAny ruts in the existing
between the new concrete pavement are filled with
overlay and the asphalt concrete, resulting in a thicker
concrete overlay above the ruts
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CLEANING OF SURFACE

 Air Blasting/vacuum cleaner

Power Brooming

Water Blasting

Sand Blasting

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 MILLING IN PROGRESS

MILLED & CLEANED

SURFACE

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 SCRAPING IN PROGRESS

CLEANING OF SCRAPED
SURFACE

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PAVING WITH
VIBRATING SCREED

PAVING WITH
SLIPFORM PAVER

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FINISHING &
TEXTURING

CURING COMPUND
SPRAY

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 JOINT SAWING

SAWING DEPTH
H/3 TO H/4

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 COST COMPARISON
BITUMEN OVERLAY Vs. WHITE TOPPING
(Cost of 1 km Road 7 m wide)
No TYPE OF DESIGN SPECIFICATION TOTAL COST per
PAVEMENT REFERENCE COST sq. m
(Lakhs)
1. Bitumen IRC-37 DBM 65mm Rs.62.1 Rs. 890
overlay BC 50mm
2 White IRC-76 Milling / Scrapping Rs. 79.53 Rs. 1150
Toppings Profile correction 40 mm
Concrete 150 mm-M 45 (RMC
Laying with paver machine and
groove cutting with diamond
blade machine)

Note: In case of white topping, the cost is taken if concrete is purchased from RMC plant.
If contractor has his own batching plant, a saving of Rs. 50 per sq meter can be achieved
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 REFERENCES
IRC: SP:76-2008 Tentative Guidelines For Coventional,
Thin And Ultra-thin Whitetopping

NCHRP Synthesis 338, “ Thin and Ultrathin

Whitetopping”

NCHRP Synthesis 204, “ Portland Cement concrete

Resurfacing”

American Concrete Pavement Association publications

Guide to Concrete overlay solutions (National Concrete

Pavement Technology Centre
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