HARTAL

(ORPIMENT)
Anirudh Sharma
B.Pharm 1st year
Roll No : 22
IIAPS
HEAVY METALS
 A heavy metal is one with a specific gravity of
5gm cm-3 or more.
 They are stable elements and cannot be
metabolized by the body.
 Some heavy metals such as zinc, copper, cobalt,
chromium, iron and manganese are required by
body in small measures.
 These same elements can be toxic in larger
quantities.
 Heavy metals may enter the body in food, water,
air, or by absorption through skin.
VERNACULAR NAMES
 Group : UPARASA

 Sanskrit Name : Hartālam

 Hindi : Hartāl

 Gujarati : Hartāl

 English : Orpiment,YellowArsenic

 Formula : As2S3
 SYNONYMS
 Natbhooshan, (Ref. rasa tarangini -11/1-3)
 Vanshpatra,

 Karchur ,

 Natmandanak,

 Shailabhooshan,

 Chitragandha,

 Mallagandhaja,

 Pinjara ,

 Ala ,

 Roma harana .
UTPATTI [ORIGIN]
 According to ancient texts Talaka is said to be
originated from the discharge produced during
sexual acts of Lord SHIVA and Devi PARVATI
i.e.
‘Sivayoh suratanandarasajam talakam’.

(A. Pra. 2/173)

 As a result of the combination of Arsenic with

Sulphur.
MODERN DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION:

 Orpiment, As2S3, is a common monoclinic arsenic

sulfide mineral.
 It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5 to 2 and a specific
gravity of 3.46. It melts at 300 °C to 325 °C.

 Orpiment, though abundant than realgar, is not a

common mineral. It is usually found in foliated or
columnor masses with a bright yellow color.

 The pure mineral contains 39% of Sulphur and

61% of Arsenic, corresponding to the formula
As2S3. It thus contains about 9% more Sulphur
that does realgar.
 Very much realgar but differs in color, when
heated to 1000 c it becomes red, it however,
resumes its original color on cooling but when
heated to 1500 c the change is permanent.

 It is formed from realgar with which it is

commonly associated. The mineral is non-
conductor of electricity.
HISTORICAL USES
 It was an important item of trade in the Roman
Empire and was used as a medicine in China
although it is highly toxic. It was also used as a
fly poison and to poison arrows. Because of its
striking colour, it was also a favourite with
alchemists searching for a way to make gold,
both in China and the West.

 Orpiment was ground, processed and used for

centuries as a pigment in painting, being one of
the few clear, bright yellow pigments available to
artists up until the 19th century.
 Orpiment presented problems, however, such as
its extreme toxicity and its incompatibility with
other common pigments like lead and copper-
based substances such as verdigris and azurite.
The use of orpiment as a pigment matter ended
almost entirely with the advent of the cadmium
yellows and the various dye-based colors of the
19th century.
CONTEMPORARY USES
It is presently used in the production of -
 infrared-transmitting glass,

 oil cloth

 Linoleum

 semiconductors

 photoconductors

 It is also used in the tanning industry to remove

hair from hides.
VARIETIES:
 1. Patratala – Uttama (Best)
Ref . R.T. 11/04
2. Pindatala – Adhama (Inferior)

In ‘Rasajala Nidhi’ four varieties

have been mentioned, Viz

 1. Patratala
2. Pindatala
3. Gadanti Haratala
4. Bakadala - These two varieties are rare.
 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
1. Patratala –
 Guru [heavy],
 Snigdha [greasy],
 Swarna varna [golden color],
 Bhaswra[bright],
 having many thin lemilias.
 It is considered best because it does not certain much impurities.

 2. Pindatala –
 it is just like pinda[mass],
 patrarahita[without lamilise],
 laghu[light] and
 swalpasatva[having low metallic content],
 nisprabha[dull].
 It consider inferior as it may contain more impurities.
3) godanta hartalam –
1-It is found in long bars and has the appearance of cow’s
teeth.
2-it is yellow in colour with blue streaks at the centre .
3-hence it is compared to the cow’s teeth .
4-it is not available at present.

4) vakadala haritam –
1-It is a soft and cold variety.
2-This is not available at present .
ARTIFICIAL METHOD:
 Ref. RasaTarangini - 11/9-12
Su. Sankhiya 49part
Su. Gandhak 24part

Triturate in Kharal --- heat in Damru yantra ----

swangsheet ---- upper side of the pot Hartal get
collected carefully --- s. hartal
 EFFECTS OF UNPURIFIED HARTALA
Reduced Kanti of body, (R.T.-11/13-15)
raises body temperature contracts with body parts and
organs,
induces body pain,
increases kaphavata,
produces prameha and
kustha rogas.

Necessity of shodhana & marana

Unpurified and reduced Talaka [orpiment] is likely to
produce following effect or symptoms in the body
hence
it should be purified and incinerated before use.
Ashudha hartala Process of shodhan in dola yantra

Shudha hartal
Shodhan [purification]

1. Drugs of shodhan:

 Kushmanda
 Churnodaka,
 Tiktarasa
 Snuhidugdha
 Sachurnakanjika
 Tilataila
 Ksharajala
 Tankan
 Salmali kashaya
 Jambiradrava
 Triphaladrava.
PROCESS AND APPARATUS:
 Swedana – Dolayantra for one yama to 3 days.

 Bhavana 7-100 times,

 Vastrapottalibandhana

 pachana

 Kshalana [Washing]
1- Rasa Tarangini 11/16-18
Nimbu swarasa
Dola Yantra
3 hr. swedan with nimbu sw. than in water

2 – Rasa Tarangini 11/19-20

Petha swarasa, triphala kwath / lime water
Dola Yantra
1st petha sw. swedan, 2nd lime water / triphala kwath for 6hr.

3— Rasa Tarangini 11/21-22

Tila kshar jala
Dola Yantra
3 hr. swedan

4 – Rasa Tarangini 11/23-24

Shalmalimool swarasa,
Dola Yantra
3 hr. swedan
5– Rasa Tarangini 11/25-26
Lime water
Khalva yantra
7 bhavanas

6— Rasa prakash shudhakar 6/4

Kushmand swarasa/kshar mishrit jal/ churnodak
Dola Yantra
3 hr. swedan

7— Rasa manjjari 3/70

Tila taila
Dola Yantra
3 hr. swedan
Bhavana

Chakrika

Bhasma
Māran [incineration]

1. Drugs for Marana :

yavkshār, salmalikshār

2. Drugs For Bhavna :

brahmamula kashaya having the consistency of
honey [3 times], mahish mutra, apāmārga jatajala,
ksharodaka, chāngeri rasa, nimburasa, kumāri rasa.

3. Apparatus :
balukāyantra, kushamandapurana, sarav-
samputa

4. Agnimātra :
balukāyantrapaka – 4 yāma and 12 yāma, 10-
12 vanyopalagni, 12 putas
1— Rasa tarangini 11/26-29
Punarnava swarasa.
Kharal, bhasmayantra.
Mardan – chakrikā –bhasmayantra – fill with
punarnavā kshār – heat – bhasma obtained.

2— Rasa tarangini 11/30-34

Pipal bark kwath
Kharal, bhasmayantra
21 bhāvana – chakrikā – to the neck pipal bark
kwāth – 12hr heat – bhasma obtained

3— Rasa tarangini 11/35-38

Ark ksheer
Kharal, bhasmayantra
Mardan – chakrikā – fill half part in B.Yantra – heat
12hr – white clrd bhasma obtained
4— Rasa tarangini 11/42-44
Palāshmool kwāth, Mahish mutra
Kharal, bhasmayantra
3 bhāvna each – chakrikā – kapotputa – heat – bhasma
obtained.

5— Rasa manjjari 3/72-73

Ghritakumāri swarasa
Kharal,
Valukā yantra
Bhāvana – chakrikā – sarāv samputa – 36hr heat –
swāngsheet – bhasma obtained.

Dose : ¼ to ½ Rati
 SATVA PĀTAN
What is satva patan?
The minerals usually contain some or the
other metals as their important constituent
and the method of separating that metal is
known as satva-patana and the separated
metal is known as satva.
1— Rasarnav 7/76-77
Amlatas fruit kshar, kushmand swaras, punarnava
swarasa
Kharal, patan yantra
1week mardan – fill in patanyantra – puta – Gaj shaped
satva obtained.
2— Rasa chintamani 5/119-121
Atasi taila, saindhav,
Empty iron vessel heat – add atasi taila + hartal – heat
– take in clay pot – sandhi bandhan -6hr heat – obtained
stava.

3— Rasa prakash shudhakar 6/6-10

Kullath kwath, tankan, buffalo’s ghee, honey, errand beej
Kharal, valuka yantra.
Triturate for 1day with each ingredient, dry made
pills – 36hr heat – swangsheeta – white satva
obtained from neck.
Properties of Satva :
Bright, heavy, silvery, not evaporate in contact
with fire.

Dose:
½ to 1 gunja

Antidote:
Use kajjali and sharakara for 3 days or use
yavakshar, kushmanda and rajhansas juice for 3 days.
These drugs act as an antidote and thus prevent its bad
effects.
PHARMACOLOGICAL &
THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES:
 Rasa: Katu, Tikta, Kashaya

 Guna: Snigdha, Guru, Usna

 Virya: Usna

 Vipak: X

 Karma: Kusthahara, visa-rakth – bhutanut,

stripushpaharana, romaharaka, dipana,
angdipti-kantikarak, balakara, vrushya,
pushtikara, ojasakara, agnikara, mrityuhara,
Doshprabhav:
vatashleshmahara, tridoshghna[R.T.]

Vyadhiprabhav:
vataroga, sleshmaroga, raktapitta, vatarakta, kustha,
kandu, visarpa, dadru, pama, slipada, swasa, kasa, visaroga,
jwara, katigraha, gudamaya, ksaya, prameha, asyaroga, vrana,
raktavikara, kaphapittajroga, mrityu,
Market Survey
• Patra hartal rate - 1600rs/kg
• Pinda hartala rate- 780rs/kg
(acc. to juridiction to uttar pradesh government)
Market Price
Formulations
Rs Pack size
Mahamarichadi Tail 500 1lit.
Kashisadi Tail 400 1lit.
Nimbadi Tail 600 1lit.
Rasa Manikya 91 10gm
Talkeshwar rasa 220 100gm
Nityanand rasa 118 100gm
Vatgajankush rasa 146 100gm
Samirpannag rasa 420 100gm
The Rates of above classical medicines are
according to the Bhawani Ayurvedics And
Uma Ayurvedics Pvt.Ltd. – kasganj (U.P.)
 PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES THAT PREPARE
FORMULATIONS OF HARTAL -

 Bhawani Ayurvedics – Kasganj (U.P.)

 Uma Ayurvedics Pvt. Ltd. - Kasganj(U.P.)
 Shailesh Pharmaceutical Pvt.Ltd. – Kasganj (U.P.)
 Jantayu Panchagavya Research Ayurveda – jabalpur(M.P.)
 Daymark Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd.-jabalpur(M.P.)
 Shri Baidyanath - jhansi(U.P.)
 Dabur - gaziabad (U.P.)
 Charak – silvassa (Dadra Nagar Haveli)
 Zandu – Mumbai (Maharashtra)
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