INTRODUCTION

• Water is human basic needs for daily life. Sufficient water distribution
depends on design of a water tank in certain area.
• An elevated water tank is a large water storage container constructed for
the purpose of holding water supply at certain height to pressurization the
water distribution system.
• All tanks are designed as crack free structures to eliminate any leakage.
• Design of liquid retaining structures involves many decisions to be made
by the designer based on rules of thumb, judgment, code of practice and
previous experience.
• Various design parameters to be chosen include configuration , material,
loading, etc.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is, thus to develop a expert system for the design
of liquid retaining structures using visual basic.
 NEED FOR STUDY
• The water tanks are visually simple but
structurally difficult
• Difficult to take the load cases and load
combinations
• Distribution of stress in the structure
• Distribution of mass
• Effect of lateral loads
• Very critical problem is the slab and beam joints
• Hydro dynamic effects
 Introduction

• The cross-section of the chimney is generally hollow

circular, from aerodynamic considerations, and
tapered, from considerations of structural economy
and aesthetics.
•
• RCC Chimney is acted upon by different combinations
in a variety of loads & experiences almost all type of
stresses, except stresses due to moving loads. The
loads encountered by chimney are both static &
dynamic in nature , which makes the analysis & design
of chimneys more complicated than that of general
structures.
The following are the loads & loading conditions which prevail over Rcc Water tank

Sl No Loads Influence of Load on Chimney

1 Dead load Static

2 Seismic Load Static + Dynamic

3 Wind Load Static + Dynamic

4 Live load Static + Dynamic

5 Thermal stresses Static

• BASIC means Beginners' All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. It is a
fairly easy programming language to learn. Different software companies
produced different version of BASIC, such as Microsoft QBASIC,
QUICKBASIC, GWBASIC , IBM BASICA and so on Many of the things that
you can do with Visual Basic really aren’t very basic at all. The Visual Basic
language is quite powerful — if you can imagine a programming task; it
can probably be accomplished using Visual Basic.
• VISUAL BASIC is a VISUAL and events driven Programming language. These
are the main divergence from the old BASIC. In BASIC, programming is
done in a text-only environment and the program is executed sequentially.
In VISUAL BASIC, programming is done in a graphical environment.
Because users may click on a certain object randomly, so each object has
to be programmed independently to be able to response to those actions
(events).Therefore, a VISUAL BASIC Program is made up of many
subprograms, each has its own program codes, and each can be executed
independently and at the same time each can be linked together in one
way or another.
Figure 1, Shows the Hierarchy in which
Visual Basic works
• The main advantage of Intze tank is that the
inward radial thrust of the conical bottom
balances the outward radial thrust of the
spherical bottom.
• As known from very upsetting experiences,
elevated water tanks were heavily damages or
collapsed during earthquake. This
• was might be due to the lack of knowledge
regarding the proper behaviour of supporting
system of the tank again dynamic
• effect and also due to improper geometrical
selection of staging patterns. Due to the fluid-
structure interactions, the seismic
• behaviour of elevated tanks has the
characteristics of complex phenomena
• Elevated water tanks consist of huge water
mass at
• the top of a slender staging which are most
critical
• consideration for the failure of the tank during
• earthquakes
• Here two different supporting systems such as
radial bracing and cross bracing are compared
with basic supporting
• system for various fluid level conditions

• In case of Full condition, highest base shear

• is obtained for radial bracing
• JOINTS IN LIQUID RETAINING STRUCTURES
• 2.2.1 MOVEMENT JOINTS. There are three types of
movement joints.
• (i)Contraction Joint. It is a movement joint with
deliberate discontinuity
• Expansion Joint. It is a joint with complete
discontinuity in both
• reinforcing steel and concrete
• Sliding Joint. It is a joint with complete discontinuity
in both
• reinforcement and concrete
 References

• IITK-GSDMA Guidelines for Seismic Design of Liquid

• Storage Tanks Provisions with commentary and
• explanatory examples.
• 2. IS 11682:1985, “Criteria for Design of RCC Staging for
• Overhead Water Tanks”, Bureau of Indian Standards,
• New Delhi.
• 3. Draft IS: 1893 (Part-II, Liquid Retaining Tanks)
• Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures,
• Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi, India.
• A coupled knowledge-based expert system for design of
• liquid-retaining structures
• K.W. Chaua,*, F. Albermanib (2003)