Bandura: Social

Cognitive Learning
Cuntapay, Lois BSPT-OBC
Reyes, Carlo
Lunag, Airi
Morales, Chershey
Albert Bandura
❑ Born December 4th, 1925
❑ Received his bachelor’s degree in
psychology in 1949
❑ Considered the “Pioneering
Researcher” of observational learning.
❑ Currently is still a professor at
Stanford University
❑ Used theory of behaviorism: which
focuses on variables we can observe,
measure, and manipulate.

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Social Cognitive
Theory
Explains human behavior in terms of
continuous reciprocal interaction between
cognitive, behavioral, environmental
influences.
 Component Processes
1. Attention, including modeled events and observer
characteristics.
2. Retention, including symbolic coding, cognitive organization,
symbolic rehearsal, motor rehearsal,
3. Motor Reproduction, including physical capabilities, self-
observation of reproduction, accuracy of feedback,
4. Motivation, including external, vicarious and self-reinforcement.

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 “Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous if
people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them
what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally
through modeling: from observing others one forms an idea of how new
behaviors are performed, and on later occasions, this coded information
serves as a guide for action.”
Bandura (1977)

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Human learning is
very different from
Rat learning.

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Social Cognitive
Theory
- emphasize that this theory is about the
motivating and self-regulating role of
cognition in human behavior.
Observational learning
simply learning by observing the behavior of other
people (called models).

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Observational learning is regarded
as a more cognitive form of
learning than conditioning
Conditioning
in behavioral psychology is a
theory that the reaction
("response") to an object or
event ("stimulus") by a person
or animal can be modified by
'learning', or conditioning.
Observational
A learning that learners must pay
attention, construct and remember
mental representations (images
and verbal summaries) of what they
saw, retrieve these representations
from memory later, and use them to
guide behavior.
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The concept of Human Agency
ways in which people deliberately exercise cognitive
control over themselves, their environments, and their
lives.
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 The environments shaped by
humans then influence biological
evolution by influencing which
traits increase the odds of survival
(Bandura, 2000).

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Development is context-specific and
can proceed along many paths. It is
also continuous, occurring gradually
through a lifetime of learning.

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 Application
Social learning theory has been applied extensively to the
understanding of aggression (Bandura, 1973) and
psychological disorders, particularly in the context of
behavior modification (Bandura, 1969). It is also the
theoretical foundation for the technique of behavior
modeling which is widely used in training programs. In
recent years, Bandura has focused his work on the
concept of self-efficacy in a variety of contexts (e.g.,
Bandura, 1997).

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 Example
The most common (and pervasive) examples of social
learning situations are television commercials.
Commercials suggest that drinking a certain beverage
or using a particular hair shampoo will make us
popular and win the admiration of attractive people.
Depending upon the component processes involved
(such as attention or motivation), we may model the
behavior shown in the commercial and buy the
product being advertised.

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 Principles
• The highest level of • Individuals are • Individuals are more
observational learning is more likely to likely to adopt a
achieved by first organizing and adopt a modeled modeled behavior if
rehearsing the modeled behavior behavior if it the model is similar
symbolically and then enacting it results in to the observer and
overtly. Coding modeled outcomes they has admired status
behavior into words, labels or value. and the behavior
images results in better retention has functional value.
than simply observing. •

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References:

Miller, N. & Dollard, J. (1941). Social Learning and Imitation. New Haven, NJ: Yale
University Press. Retrieved from
https://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/social-learning/
Sigelman, C.K., and Rider, A.R., (2012) Life-span Human Development
Wadsworth, Cengage Learning

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