COUNSELING

The heart of the guidance services

 WHAT IS COUNSELING?
“ the profession that involves the use of an integrated
approach to the DEVELOPMENT OF A WELL-FUNCTIONING
INDIVIDUAL primarily by HELPING people utilize their
POTENTIALS TO THE FULLEST and PLAN THEIR PRESENT AND
FUTURE according to their abilities, interests, and needs”
REPUBLIC ACT 9258(GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ACT OF 2004)
 WHAT IS COUNSELING?
“ A PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP THAT EMPOWERS
DIVERSE INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES, AND GROUPS TO
ACCOMPLISH MENTAL HEALTH, WELLNESS, EDUCATION,
AND CAREER GOALS”
AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION
 COUNSELING
PRETEST
Write (√ ) if you AGREE, an (X) if you DISAGREE
 1. COUNSELING AS AN ART IS THE
SUBJECTIVE DIMENSION OF COUNSELING.
IT ACCLAIMS A FLEXIBLE AND CREATIVE
PROCESS WHEREBY THE COUNSELOR
MODIFIES THE APPROACH TO MEET THE
DEVELOPING NEEDS OF THE CLIENTS.
2. REMEDIAL GOALS REFER TO ASSISTING A
CLIENT TO OVERCOME AND TREAT AN
UNDESIRABLE DEVELOPMENT.
 3. COUNSELING HAPPENS WHEN A
PERSON WHO IS DISTRESSED ASKS AND
PERMITS ANOTHER PERSON TO ENTER INTO
A PARTICULAR KIND OF CONNECTION
WITH HIM/HER.
4. A LICENSED PROFESSIONAL SCHOLAR MAY RENDER
TO INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS, ORGANIZATIONS, OR THE
GENERAL PUBLIC COUNSELING SERVICES INVOLVING
THE APPLICATION OF CLINICAL COUNSELING
PRINCIPLES. METHODS, OR PROCEDURES TO ASSIST
INDIVIDUALS IN ACHIEVING MORE EFFECTIVE
PERSONAL, SOCIAL, EDUCATIONAL, OR CAREER
DEVELOPMENT AND ADJUSTMENT.
5. THE WAY WE PERCEIVE OR VIEW THINGS, PEOPLES,
EVENTS, AND OUR ENVIRONMENT, IS INFLUENCED BY
OUR VALUES.
6. COUNSELORS TREAT WITH CONFIDENCE PERSONAL
INFORMATION ABOUT CLIENTS, WHETHER OBTAINED
DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY INFERENCE.
 7. IN VIEW OF THE HISTORY OF UTILITARIANISM IN
RELATION TO BENEFICENCE, THE APPLICATION OF
UTILITARIANISM WOULD BE TO APPLY AN ETHICAL
DECISION IN THE LIGHT OF COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR
EACH PARTICIPANT.
8. MARRIAGE AND FAMILY COUNSELING REFERS TO THE
EFFORTS TO ESTABLISH AN ENCOURAGING
RELATIONSHIP WITH A COUPLE OR FAMILY AND
APPRECIATE THE COMPLICATIONS IN THE FAMILY
SYSTEM.
 9. A COUNSELOR’S PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY IS TO
RESPECT THE DIGNITY AND TO PROMOTE THE WELFARE
OF THE CLIENTS.
 10. COUNCELORS ACCEPT EMPLOYMENT ONLY FOR
POSITIONS WHICH THEY ARE QUALIFIED BY EDUCATION,
TRAINING, SUPERVISED EXPERIENCE, STATE AND
NATIONAL PROFESSIONAL CREDENTIALS, AND
APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE.
 DIMENSIONS OF COUNSELING
BOULDER MODEL = INTEGRATION OF THE ART AND
SCIENCE IN COUNSELING WHICH SHAPES GUIDELINES
THAT COMBINE SCIENCE AND PRACTICE.

ART + SCIENCE
 COUNSELING AS AN ART
THE SUBJECTIVE DIMENSION OF COUNSELING
 FLEXIBILITY AND CREATIVITY
 EMPATHY AND COMPASSION
 COUNSELING AS A SCIENCE
 OBEJECTIVE DIMENSION OF THE COUNSELING
PROCESS.
DISCERNMENT AND SKILLS
 OBSERVATION AND INFERENCES
 ACTIVITY
I NEED HELP, WHERE WILL I GO?

1. IF SOMETHING IS BOTHERING YOU ABOUT LIFE MATTERS:

ACADEMICS, RELATIONSHIPS, FAMILY, IDENTITY, AND
FINANCIAL CONCERNS, WITH WHOM WILL YOU SHARE
YOUR PROBLEM? WILL YOU PURSUE A FORMAL HELP OR A
NONFORMAL HELP? WHY OR WHY NOT ?
2 TYPES HELPING
1. INFORMAL
2. FORMAL
 CLIENT AND COUNSELOR
RELATIONSHIP IS A FORM OF
FORMAL HELPING
 AND THEY SAID TO HIM, “ASK COUNSEL,
WE PRAY THEE, OF GOD, THAT WE MAY
KNOW WHETHER OUR WAY WHICH WE GO
SHALL BE PROSPEROUS.
JUDG. 18:5
 ACTIVITY
K-W-L
KNOW WANT TO KNOW LEARNED
 CLIENT AND COUNSELOR
RELATIONSHIP IS A FORM OF
FORMAL HELPING
 FORMAL HELPING
Formal Helpers have/are.

1. High degree of objectivity – no

personal involvement with the client

2. Guided by the Code of Ethics –

legal protocol/standards set by law
for the improvement,
advancement, and protection of
the guidance and counseling
profession.

3. Utilizing proper strategies and

techniques – acquired knowledge,
skills, and competencies via formal
and specialized training.

4. Acknowledged as a Helping
Profession
 GOALS OF
COUNSELING
 PRIMARY GOALS OF
COUNSELING

1. HELP PEOPLE UTILIZE THEIR

PREVAILING . . . . .

a. SOCIAL SKILLS

b. PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS

2. CULTIVATE NEW. . . . .

a. SURVIVING SKILLS

b. COPING SKILLS
GIBSON AND MITCHELL’S
GOALS OF COUNSELING

PPPRRCEED
 GIBSON AND MITCHELL’S
GOALS OF COUNSELING

1. PREVENTIVE GOALS
2. PHYSIOLOGICAL GOALS
3. PSYCHOLOGICAL GOALS
4. REMEDIAL GOALS
5. REINFORCEMENT GOALS
6. COGNITIVE GOALS
7. EXPLORATORYGOALS
8. ENHANCEMENT GOALS
9. DEVELOPMENT GOALS
 PREVENTIVE GOALS
Help avoid some undesired outcome

PHYSIOLOGICAL GOALS
ACQUIRING BASIC UNDERSTANDING
AND HABITS OF FOR GOOD HEALTH

PSYCHOLOGICAL GOALS
HELPS CLIENT DEVELOP GOOD SOCIAL
INTERACTION SKILLS, LEARNING
EMOTIONAL CONTROL, AND
DEVELOPING POSITIVVE SELF-CONCEPT

REMEDIAL GOALS
Assist to overcome and treat
undesirable development
 REINFORCEMENT GOALS
HELPS IN RECOGNITION OF GOOD
BEHAVIOR

COGNITIVE GOALS
ACQUIRING OF BASIC FOUNDATION OF
LEARNING AND COGNITIVE SKILLS

EXPLORATORY GOALS
EXAMINING OPTIONS, TESTING OF SKILLS,
TRYING NEW AND DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES

ENHANCEMENT GOALS
enhance special skills and abilities
 DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Assist holistic growth and development
(social,personal,emotional,cognitive,
physical wellness)
COUNSELOR’S WORK SETTINGS
 SCHOOL
- JEI-ANNE, RHOY, CD, LAMB,YEN

 MENTAL HOSPITAL
- MYKO, KENSHI, HARRY, LOVE

 PRIVATE AGENCIES
- ANA MARIE, YSMAEL, JOSPEH,
VALENN, RODELYN

 GOVERNMENT
- NATHANIEL, MARC, JOEVERT,
WHYNCHYLL
 WHAT TO PREPARE
 BUDGET
 LETTERS AND INVITATION
 PARENTAL CONSENT
 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
 INTERVIEW MATERIALS
 INCENTIVE
 FOCUS OF THE INTERVIEW

INSTITUTIONAL PROFILE
 PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
INSTITUTIONAL PROFILE
The work setting of the counselor

QUESTIONS:
a. Can you discuss the institution or agency where
you work as a counselor?
b. explain the context, history, cases, and
problems that your agency or institution
handles.
c. discuss the programs, and intervention
approaches that your agency implements
d. What problems does your agency or institution
face? What are the achievements of your
agency?
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Counseling as a profession
QUESTIONS:
a. When dis you start working as a counselor?
b. what are your responsibilities?
c. what programs do you handle?
d. what skills, knowledge, and values must a counselor
possess?
e. how do you see yourself as a counselor?
what do you enjoy doing?what do you avoid or hate
doing?
f. What challenges do you encounter as a counselor?
g. Who helps you in your work?
h. what education and training do you need to enhance
your work?
i. What other messages do you want to convey?
IT IS RIGHT, ALWAYS, TO COUNSEL TOGETHER. IT
IS RIGHT TO MAKE DIFFICULTIES THAT PRESENT
THEMSELVES IN ANY ENTERPRISE PLAIN BEFORE
YOUR BRETHREN AND YOUR MINISTER. BUT DO
NOT SO GREATLY DISHONOR GOD AS TO
DEPEND ON MAN FOR WISDOM.
1MCP 262.2
MEETING THE GOALS MEANS
EMPOWERING THE CLIENTS
Clients Can….
Make critical decisions
Develop ability to cope
Enhance effectiveness
Improve quality of life
 ACTIVITY
K-W-L
KNOW WANT TO KNOW LEARNED
 McLeod’s
GOALS OF COUNSELING
 GIBSON AND MITCHELL’S
GOALS OF COUNSELING

1. INSIGHT
2. RELATING WITH OTHERS
3. SELF-AWARENESS
4. SELF-ACCEPTANCE
5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION
6. ENLIGHTENMENT
7. PROBLEM-SOLVING
8. PSYCHOLOGICAL EDUCATION
9. ACQUISITION OF SOCIAL SKILLS
10. COGNITIVE CHANGE
11. BEHAVIOR CHANGE
12. SYSTEMIC CHANGE
13. EMPOWERMENT
14. RESTITUTION
15. GENERATIVITY
 INSIGHT
Understand origin and development of
emotional difficulties = capacity to take
rational control over feelings and
actions
RELATING WITH OTHERS
FORM AND MAINTAIN MEANINGFULA
ND SATISFYING RELATIONSHIPS

SELF-AWARENESS
Aware of thoughts and feelings or
develop accurate sense of how self is
perceived by others

SELF-ACCEPTANCE
Positive attitude toward self=ability to
acknowledge criticism and rejection
 SELF ACTUALIZATION
Fulfillment of potentials and achieving
conflicting parts of self

ENLIGHTENMENT
HIGHER STATE OF SPIRITUAL AWAKENING

PROBLEM-SOLVING
FIND A SOLUTION AND ACQUIRE
GENERAL COMPETENCE IN PROBLEM
SOLVING

PSYCHOLOGICAL EDUCATION
Acquiring ideas and techniques to
understand and control behavior
ACQUISITION OF SOCIAL SKILLS
Learning and mastering social and
interpersonal skills

COGNITIVE CHANGE
Replacement of irrational beliefs or
maladaptive thought patterns

BEHAVIOR CHANGE
Modification and replacement of self-
destructive behaviors

SYSTEMIC CHANGE
Introducing change according to how
social systems operate
 EMPOWERMENT
Working on skills, awareness, and
knowledge to take control of own life

RESTITUTION
Making amends for previous destructive
behavior

GENERATIVITY
Desiring to care for others, pass
knowledge, and contribute to the
good of society

SYSTEMIC CHANGE
Introducing change according to how
social systems operate
 SCOPE OF
COUNSELING
“THE WIDE RANGES OF HUMAN
PROBLEMS CREATE A WIDENED SCOPE
AND FIELD OF COUNSELING”

DELA CRUZ, ET.AL

 SCOPE OF COUNSELING

1. INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING

Possible issues to deal with:

Depression, sexual abuse,

anxiety, gender, relationships,
spirituality, ideology,
adolescent issues, loss,
anxiety, anger, stress,
vocation, studies, etc.
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING

2. FAMILY COUNSELING

Possible issues to deal with:

Divorce, family dynamics,

transitions in life,
miscommunication, jealousy,
money matters, parenting,
remarriage, etc.
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING

3. Marital and Premarital

Counseling
4. Community Counseling
4757-15 SCOPE OF PRACTICE
FOR LICENSED PROFESSIONAL
COUSELORS

ARE PROFESSIONAL
COUNSELORS PAYED BEFORE
THEY OFFER SERVICE?

> YES.BUT THERE ARE

CONSNIDERATIONS
 4757-15 SCOPE OF PRACTICE
FOR LICENSED PROFESSIONAL
COUSELORS
1. WHO CAN RECEIVE THEIR
SERVICES? HOW DO THEY DO
IT?

 INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS,
ORGANIZATIONS, OR THE
GENERAL PUBLIC.
 APPLICATION OF CLINICAL
COUNSELING PRINCIPLES,
METHODS, OR PROCEDURES
4757-15 SCOPE OF PRACTICE
FOR LICENSED PROFESSIONAL
COUSELORS
2. DO PROFESSIONAL COUNSELORS
START COUNSELING RIGHT WHEN THE
CLIENT ARRIVES?

 No. Professional Couselors follow a

systematic assistance.

 Assess and analyze emotional

conditions > explore possible
solutions > develop and provide a
treatment plan
 Systematic assisting may include:
Counseling, appraisal, counsulting,
supervision, administration, and
referral
4757-15 SCOPE OF PRACTICE
FOR LICENSED PROFESSIONAL
COUSELORS
3. DO PREFOESSIONAL COUNSELORS
DIAGNOSE AND TREAT MENTAL AND
EMOTIONAL DISORDERS?

 No.
 They can only be engaged in such
situation under the supervision of a
professional clinical counselor,
psychologist, psychiatrist,
independent marriage and family
therapist, or independent social
worker
4757-15 SCOPE OF PRACTICE
FOR LICENSED PROFESSIONAL
COUSELORS
4. Can they provide training for students
and registered counselor trainees?

 Yes.
 When services are within their scope
of practice excluding supervision of
diagnosis and treatment of mental
and emotional disorders.
 ACTIVITY

 What aspect of your life

would you like to be
empowered?

 In what way will

Counseling empower
you?
 ASSIGNMENT

 READ THE CORE VALUES

AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
OF COUNSELING PG. 41-
43

 ANSWER ACTIVITY 3 pg.

43-44 IN ½ SHEET OF
PAPER
CORE VALUES AND
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
OF COUNSELING
 IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
CODES/ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

1. AUTONOMY OF INDIVIDUALS
> CLIENTS’ FREEDOM OF
CHOICE

(NOT ALWAYS SUFFICIENT IN ALL

CIRCUMSTANCES)
 IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
CODES/ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

2. PRINCIPLE OF NONMALEFICENCE AND

BENEFICENCE
> DO NO HARM
> PROMOTE HUMAN WELFARE
> BE COMPETENT AND WORK
ACCORDINGLY
> BENEFITS OF THERAPY SHOULD OUTWEIGH
THE COSTS AND RISKS
 IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
CODES/ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

3. PRINCIPLLE OF JUSTICE
> BE FAIR
> WHO CAN ACCESS?
> EQUAL TREATMENT FOR INDIVIDUALS
 IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
CODES/ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

4. PRINCIPLLE OF FIDELITY
> BE LOYAL, RELIABLE, DEPENDABLE, AND
FAITHFUL
> RULE OF CONFIDENTIALITY
 BACP ETHICAL
FRAMEWORK FOR
GOOD PRACTICE
British Association for Counseling and
Psychotherapy
Personal Qualities that all practitioners should
possess
1. EMPATHY- ability to understand and share
feelings of another
2. SINCERITY- quality of being free from deceit or
hypocrisy
3. INTEGRITY-quality of being honest and having
strong more principles
4. RESILIENCE- capacity to recover quickly from
difficulties
5. RESPECT- due regard for the feelings,wishes,
rights or traditions of others
Personal Qualities that all practitioners should
possess
6. HUMILITY- modest view of one’s own importance
7. COMPETENCE- ability to do efficiently
8. FAIRNESS-impartial and just treatment or behavior
9. WISDOM-quality of having
experience,knowledge and good
judgment
10. COURAGE- strength in the face of pain or grief
 IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
CODES/ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

1. AUTONOMY OF INDIVIDUALS
2. PRPINCIPLE OF NONMALEFICENCE
3. PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE
4. PRINCIPLE OF FIDELITY
 IDEAS THAT UNDERPIN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
CODES/ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

1. Go with your groups

2. Act a situation showing the following:
a. Atleast 5 goals of counseling
b. Different scopes of counseling
c. Application of Core values and Ethical
Principles of counseling
 ROLES AND FUNCTIONS

1. INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENT
2. INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING
3. GROUP COUNSELING AND GUIDANCE
4. CAREER ASSISTANCCE
5. PLACEMENT AND FOLLLOW-UP
6. REFERRAL
7. CONSULTATION
8. RESEARCH
9. EVALUATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY
10. PREVENTION
 COMPETENCIES

1. INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
2. PERSONAL BELIEFS AND ATTITUDE
3. CONCEPTUAL ABILITY
4. PERSONAL SOUNDNESS
5. MASTERY OF TECHNIQUES
6. ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND AND WORK WITHIN
SOCIAL SYSTEMS
7. OPENNESS TO EARNING AND INQUIRY
 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

ABILITY TO …
LISTEN
COMMUNICATE
EMPATHIZE
BE PRESENT
AWARE OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
SENSITIVE TO VOICE QUALITY
RESPONSIVE TO EXPRESSION OF EMOTION
TURN TAKING
STRUCTURE OF TIME AND USE OF
LANGUAGE
PERSONAL BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES

CAPACITY TO…
ACCEPT OTHERS
BELIEVE IN POTENTIAL FOR CHANGE
AWARENESS OF ETHICAL AND MORAL
CHOICES
SENSITIVE TO VALUES HELD BY CLIENT AND
SELF
 CONCEPTUAL ABILITY

ABILITY TO…
UNDERSTAND AND ASSESS THE CLIENT’S
PROBLEMS
ANTICIPATE FUTURE PROBLEMS
MAKE SENSE OF IMMEDIATE PROCESS
 PERSONAL SOUNDNESS

NO DESTRUCTIVE IRRATIONAL BELIEFS

SELF-CONFIDENCE
CAPACITY TO TOLERATE STRONG OR
UNCOMFORTABLE FEELINGS INRELATION TO
CLIENTS
SECURE PERSONAL BOUNDARIES
ABILITY TO BE A CLIENT
NO SOCIAL PREJUDICE, ETHNOCENTRISM,
AND AUTHORITARIANISM
 MASTERY OF TECHNIQUES

KNOW WHEN AND HOW TO DO

INTERVENTIONS
ABILITY TO ASSESS EFEFCTIVENESS OF
INTERVENTIONS
UNDERSTANDING OF RATIONALE BEHIND
TECHNIQUES
POSSESSION OF SUFFICIENT REPERTOIRE
ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND AND
WORK WITHIN SOCIAL SYSTEMS

AWARENESS OF FAMILY AND WORK

RELATIONSHIPS

CAPACITY TO USE SUPPORT NETWORKS AND

SUPERVISION

SENSITIVITY TO CLIENT FROM DIFFERENT

GENDER, ETHNICITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION,
OR AGE GROUP
OPENNESS TO LEARNING INQUIRY

CAPACITY TO BE CURIOUS ABOUT CLIENT’S

BACKGROUNDSA ND PROBLEMS

BEING OPEN TO NEW KNOWLEDGE

 RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND
ACCOUNTABILITIES OF
COUNSELORS

a. Counseling Relationship
b. Confidentiality
c. Professional Responsibility
d. Relationships with other
professionals
e. Evaluation, assessment and
interpretation
f. Teaching, Training and
supervision
g. Research and publication
 Confidentiality

1. Right to Privacy
2. Group and Families
3. Minor Incompetent Clients
4. Records
5. Research and Training
6. Consultation
 The Counseling Relationships

a. Client Welfare
b. Respecting Diversity
c. Client Rights
d. Clients served by others
e. Personal needs and values
f. Dual Relationships
g. Sexual Intimacies with clients
h. Multiple Clients
i. Group Work
j. Fees
COUNT ME IN , COUNT ME OUT

What if you are a counselor and

you have fallen in love with your
client and your client has also fallen
in love with you. Since, it is unethical
to pursue the relationship, you will
have to quit your job. Your job is
also important to you. What will be
your decision?Why?Which is more
ethical?Support your answer.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES AND AREAS OF
SPECIZLIZATION OF COUNSELORS
A. Marriage and Family Counseling
B. Child and Adolescent Counseling
C. Group Counseling
D. Career Counseling
E. School Counseling
F. Mental Health Counseling
CLIENTS AND
AUDIENCES IN
COUNSELING

(WHO)
1. INDIVIDUALS
2. GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS
3. COMMUNITIES
4. SPECIAL POPULATIONS
a. People who abuse drugs
b. People who use tobacco
c. People who use alcohol
d. Women
e. Older adults
f. People with AIDS
g. Victims of abuse
h. Gay men and Lesbian Women
SETTINGS IN
COUNSELING

(WHERE?)
1. Counselors in school
2. Counselors in community
3. Counselors in the private sector
4. Counselors in the Government
INTERVIEW PAPER

1. Introduction
2. methodology
3. results
4. analysis
5. conclusion
6. appendix