Automotive Steering

Systems Basics
SUBMITTED BY– AASHISH
ROLL NO- 16162026
STEERING SYSTEM:- steering system
is a system which guide the vehicle

•Two wheel steering system

•Four wheel steering system
•Speed sensitive steering system
•Power steering
Steering Systems

■ Manual steering system – relies solely

on the driver to provide steering force
■ Power assist – (power steering) – uses
hydraulic or electric power to help the
driver apply steering force
Steering Systems

■ Both manual and power steering

systems have common
components.
■ Input components:
❑ Steering wheel
❑ Steering column
❑ Steering shaft
Steering Column and Wheel
Steering Shaft
Steering Shaft to Gear
■ The steering
shaft connects
to the steering
gear through
one or more:
❑ Universal joints
❑ Flexible
steering
coupler
Steering Systems

■ The steering gear changes the

rotary motion of the wheel into
linear motion of the steering
linkage.
Rack and Pinion Steering Gear
Ball Sockets

■ Allow suspension travel without binding

❑ Tie rods – located at the steering knuckle.

■ Also at the center link on parallelogram

type.
❑ Ball joints – located at the top and bottom of
the knuckle. Allows for movement between the
knuckle and control arm(s).
Steering Knuckle
Tie Rod
Ball Joints
 Rack and Pinion Systems

■ Most passenger vehicles today use rack and

pinion steering systems.
■ Generally contained in one complete housing.
■ The steering shaft connects to a pinion shaft
through a universal joint or coupler.
■ The pinion gear meshes with a a rack of gear
teeth.
Rack and Pinion Systems

■ Fewer parts
■ Lighter
■ Modular
■ Saves space
■ Generally not as strong as a recirculating-ball
type system
❑ Suitable for today’s lighter cars.
TYPES OF STEERING GEOMETRY:-

•Ackermann
Thank you