DESCRIBING THE

REPRODUCTION IN
NON-FLOWERIGN
PLANTS
Prepared by: Teacher Allen Mie
2 MAIN GROUPS OF NON-FLOWERING
PLANTS
 Plantsthat use SPORES to reproduce
Plants that use SEEDS to reproduce
•GYMNOSPHERE – is a nonflowering plants
that use seed.
• It means “NAKED SEEDS”
 CONIFERS
One of the major groups of gymnosperm plant
Means “bearing cones”
Use cones to house their seeds.
Woody plants
NEEDLE LIKE or SCALE LIKE LEAVES
PINE TREES
FIRS
CYPRESSES
CEDARS
REDWOODS
Cones

Conifers reproduce using their cones. Some cones

are male and some are female. The male cones
release pollen. This pollen is carried by the wind. If
the pollen lands on a female cone, then the
female cone will produce seeds. The hard scales of
the cone protect the new seeds as they grow.
 SEEDS

• The seeds of a conifer are winged seeds. When they

are released by the cone, they will float on the wind
until they reach the ground where they will germinate
and grow.
 SPORES
• There are some non-flowering plants that don't produce seeds.
Instead, they use spores to reproduce. Spore producing plants include
plants such as mosses and ferns.

• Spores are tiny organisms that usually contain only a single cell. Plants
that make spores produce huge numbers of them. Because they are
so small and light, they can be dispersed by the wind to new locations
where they can grow.
 MOSSES
• Mosses are soft and spongy plants that typically only grow a few
inches tall. They tend to grow together in clumps. Mosses don't have
flowers or seeds, but use spores to reproduce. They also don't have
typical roots like most plants, but anchor themselves to rocks and soil
with short growths called rhizoids.
FERNS
• Another type of spore producing plant is the fern. Ferns produce
spore casings on the underside of their leaves. These look like brown
spots. At some point the casings dry out and the spores are released
into the air.
Interesting Facts about Non-Flowering Plants
• The leaves of ferns are called fronds.
• Scientists estimate that some species of ferns have been around for
over 350 million years.
• Conifers often have needle shaped leaves. Needles are tough, don't
dry out, and will not easily fall off in high winds. This helps conifers to
survive in cold, windy, and dry climates.
• There are over 12,000 different species of mosses.
• Mosses tend to grow in damp areas with plenty of shade.
OBSERVING AND DESCRIBING
THE PARTS OF CONE-
BEARING PLANTS
LIFE CYCLE OF A CONIFERS
2 KINDS OF CONES
LIFE CYCLE OF A FERN
LIFE CYCLE OF A MOSS
OTHER MODES OF PLANT
REPRODUCTION
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Happen when new plants are produced from seeds.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• Happens when the plants give rise to new plant without seed
• Genetically identical to its parent
VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION
• Type of a asexual reproduction
• New plant in produced from a root, stem, leaf or bud.
• The root, steam, leaf and bud are called vegetative
parts of the plant where reproduction occurs.
STOLON or RUNNER
• The roots of the plant grows horizontally on the surface of the
ground.
RHIZOME
• Refer to a horizontal, usually underground stem that often sends out
roots and shoots from its nodes.
TUBER
• Is a fat ground stem from which a plant grows. it’s similar to a
rhizome but it is usually shorter, thicker and doesn’t lengthen greatly
as it grows.
SUCKER
A secondary shoot produced from the base or roots of a plant that give
rise to a new plant.
BULB
• Bulbs store water and nutritive substances (primarily sugars); they
are also a means of vegetative renewal and reproduction.
GERMINATING
• Germination tissues of the leaves which comes in contact with the
damp surface of the soil.
METHOD OF PLANT
PROPAGATION
CUTTING
• New plants are produced and multiplied by cutting and planting parts
of the plants.
LAYERING
• A part or branch of the tree is introduced into the soil to develop
roots while fed by parent plant.
MARCOTTING
• The stem are induced to take roots while still attached to the mother
plant.
GRAFTING
• horticultural techniques used to join parts from two or more plants so
that they appear to grow as a single plant. In grafting, the upper part
(scion) of one plant grows on the root system (rootstock) of another
plant. In the budding process, a bud is taken from one plant and
grown on another.
BUDDING
• a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell
division at one particular site.
INARCHING
• The scion is made to unite with the rootstock while growing on their
own root systems.
CONGRATULATIONS!!
GRADE 6 ACHERNAR TOP 3 PUPILS
TOP 1
….
TOP 2
….
TOP 3
…..
SECRET!!! HAHAHAHAHA