SCIENCE

GRADE
7
Module 3 – ASEXUAL AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
2nd Quarter
Dear learners,

The significance of science to our lives cannot be overemphasized. In a world that is growing

increasingly dependent on the development of science and technology, scientific literacy has

become an important goal for all. As a learner, you play a very significant role that will enable

you to meet the challenges in this fast changing world.

This module is intended to help you become more confident in participating in science lessons in

more meaningful ways.

Each lesson in this module usually has the following parts: Introduction, Objectives, Text,

Learning Task or Activity, and Self-Check Questions.

You will learn best from this module if you do the following:

1. Take the pretest before going through the module;

2. Do all the exercises and activities;

3. Try out the suggested strategies;

4. Keep the products of the activities you do as part of your portfolio; and

5. Take the posttest after you have finished all the lessons.

It is hoped that through this module, you will be as pleasant and fulfilling as possible in learning

science.

I wish you the best of luck!

Science Teacher ATM

 OVERVIEW

Have you ever been curious in how living beings reproduce? The term "reproduce" refers
to the act of "creating a new life." The start of a new life is truly a remarkable event. One of the
qualities that distinguishes living things from non-living things is an organism's ability to
produce new individuals.

You all know that reproduction is important for the perpetuation of species. Individuals of
a species would cease to exist if there were no means of reproduction, and the species would
perish. New generations are created through reproduction. The species continues to exist.

This module was created to give you with engaging and relevant guided and independent
study opportunities at your own pace and time. This session will teach you about the fascinating
miracles of life.

Asexual and sexual reproduction are two types of reproduction that an organism might
have. Asexual reproduction is used by many plants and lower animals to make new individuals.
For instance, a new individual can emerge from a piece of the parent. As a result, no gametes or
sex cells are involved. There is only one parent that is involved.
As a result, in asexual reproduction, the parent and the offspring or new individual share
the same DNA, which explains why they share the same features. To put it another way, the
parent and the offspring are genetically similar. These organisms ensure the survival of their own
species.
 TRY THIS!

PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY
Directions: The following questions will help me to assess what you already know about the
lesson to take. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer in your science activity notebook.

1. Which of the following structures is NOT involved in asexual reproduction?

A. Gamete C. Stem
B. Root D. Tuber
2. What do you call the process by which most bacteria reproduce?
A. Binary fission C. Fragmentation
B. Budding D. Spore formation
3. How many parent/s is/ are required in asexual reproduction?
A. Four C. Six
B. One D. Two
4. Which of the following is an example of tuber?
A. Ginger C. Potato
B. Onion D. Strawberry
5. A farmer wants to propagate a good variety of a crop in a way which maintained all its
desirable traits. Which of the following methods should be used?
A. Self – pollination
B. Vegetative propagation
C. Growing seeds produced from this variety.
D. Cross-pollinating this crop with another good variety and growing the seeds
resulting from the cross
6. Which of the following statements is TRUE about asexual reproduction?
1. Only one parent is required.
2. A kitten is produced through asexual reproduction.
3. A mother and father are needed to produce offspring.
4. The offspring produced are genetically unique.
7. Which of the following is a DISADVANTAGE of asexual reproduction?
A. Genetic diversity is increased.
B. Genetic diversity is not increased.
C. Finding and winning a mate can be costly.
D. Both A & C
8. Asexual reproduction is best described as .
A. Pollination
B. reproduction with no parent
C. reproduction with only one parent
D. reproduction with two or more parents
 9. Which of the following organisms is reproduced by regeneration?
A. Crab C. Squid
B. Sponge D. Starfish
10. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of asexual reproduction?
A. It is fast. C. It saves energy.
B. It is safe. D. It increases genetic diversity.
Source:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uW74Z35jnRFZBwlcpgJ1t4-qa6L0W_-I/edit#

THINK AND DO!

Lesson 1: Asexual Reproduction

The generation of a new creature from a single parent without

the use of gametes is known as asexual reproduction. As a
result, the father and the offspring have the same genes,
which explains why they have the same features. To put it
another way, the parent and the offspring are identical.
Asexual reproduction requires less energy since no mating is
needed but can produce many offspring at one reproductive
cycle.

Below is a table showing the different modes of asexual reproduction, its description, and examples.
Modes of Asexual Reproduction
1. Spore formation
Description Example
When a parent plant produces Bread
hundreds of tiny spores which can mold, fern
grow into new plants. When the
spore case opens, the tiny spores are
released and may be carried by the
wind or water. Once the spore lands
on favorable environment, it
develops
into a new organism.
 2.Budding when an outgrowth called Coral,
a bud grows and develops from the hydra,
parent animal and would eventually yeast
separate to become a new individual.

3.Fission a mode of asexual reproduction Sea

wherein two individuals will form as anemone,
the parent divides in half. bacteria,
amoeba

4.Fragmentation new organism grows from a fragment Planaria,

of the parent. Each of these cnidarians
fragments develop into matured,
fully grown individuals.

5.Regeneration when an organism replaces or repair Starfish,

a lost damaged part of the body lobster

Source: Science Learners Module

Vegetative Propagation is a mode of

asexual reproduction in plants where a new
plant can form from the root, stem, or leaf
of an already existing plant.
The table shows the different types of Vegetative Propagation in Plants

Types Description Example

1.Runners/ Stolon an aboveground stem that grows Bermuda
horizontally along the surface when grass,
the stem touches the ground. Buds strawberry
from the stem form roots and leaves,
and a new plant develops.

2.Rhizomes an underground stem that grows Ginger

horizontally along the surface; shoots
from buds at nodes of the stem
develop into a new plant.

3.Tubers are enlarged and thickened Potato

underground stem with buds or eye.

4.Bulb have a short, underground stem and Onion

thick, fleshy leaves that are colorless.
A bulb can reproduce several smaller
bulbs, each of which can grow into a
new plant.

5.Corm is an enlarged, short, underground Gabi

stem that stores food. Corms
resemble bulbs but do not have thick,
fleshy leaves. New corms develop Source: Science Learners Module

from the stem of an old corm to

produce new plants.
 SELF-CHECK!
Why do we use vegetative propagation in plants?

Source: Science Learners Module

DO IT NOW!

ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Write the modes of asexual reproduction and a short description of each on your science
activity notebook based on your own understanding. The first one is done for you.

MODES OF ASEXUAL DESCRIPTION

REPRODUCTION
They have short, underground stem and thick, fleshy
1. Bulb
leaves that are colorless.
2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Congratulations! You did a great job.

Source: Science Learners Module

ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Explain why organisms that live in a stable environment often use asexual
reproduction. Why is asexual reproduction important? Limit your ideas in five sentences only.
Write your answers in your science activity notebook.
Rubric for Scoring:
Basis 3 2 1

Ideas Ideas presented is ideas presented is not Ideas has no clear sense
clear and focused well defined of purpose

Organization Information is relevant Information is Information is not

and presented in somewhat relevant relevant
logical order
Word choice The choice of words is The choice of words is The choice of words is
accurate somewhat accurate not accurate

Spelling Spelling and Only few errors in Distracting errors in

and punctuation punctuations are all spelling spelling
correct and and
punctuation is punctuations are
observed observed

TRY THIS!

Exercise 1: Complete Me!

Directions: Complete the concept map about the different modes of asexual reproduction. Write
your answer in your science activity notebook.
 THINK AND DO!
Lesson 2: Sexual Reproduction

Sexual reproduction allows genetic

elements to be mixed, resulting in variety among
individuals within a species. It is made up of two
reproductive cells called gametes. A fertilized egg,
also known as a zygote, is formed when sperm and
egg cells combine. As a result, this method of
reproduction involves two parents. This, like
asexual reproduction, will result in the birth of a
new life.

TYPES OF ANIMAL FERTILIZATION

1.External It is characterized by the release of both sperm and egg into an external
fertilization environment.
2.Internal internal fertilization, small, motile sperm are introduced into the female
fertilization reproductive tract during mating.

Three ways of Internal Fertilization

1. Oviparous ● Complete the development outside the mother’s body.
● The egg would receive its nourishment through its yolk.

Found in some bony and cartilaginous fish (including clownfish),

most reptiles, some amphibians, all birds, and a few mammals.
2.Ovoviviparous ● Eggs are also fertilized internally and receive their nourishment
through its yolk
● However, eggs will complete its development within the mother.
● Fully developed when they are hatched and released by the
mother.
It is common in some bony fish, some cartilaginous fish, and many
reptiles.
3. Viviparous ● The eggs are developed internally and receive nourishment directly
from the mother’s blood through the placenta rather than from the
yolk.
This can be found in most cartilaginous fish, some amphibians, a
few reptiles, and almost all mammals including humans.
 Source: Science Learners Module

ACTIVITY 3

Directions: Go over the list of animals and describe in the appropriate column their respective
breeding place, type of fertilization, and development of the embryo. You may write your
answers to your science activity notebook.

Reproduction and Development in Selected Animals

Animals Breeding Place- Fertilization Development of Embryo (Outside
Land or Water External or Internal or Inside) the female’s Body
Milkfish
Cat
Frog
Duck
Cow
Chicken
Dog
Turtle
Rat
Human

THINK AND DO!

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
Flowering plants' reproductive organ is the
flower. Flowers have mechanisms that create the
gametes that are needed to reproduce. It is a
specialized component of an angiosperm plant that
grows single or in clusters and has whorls of brightly
colored petals or sepals. Look at the parts of the
gumamela flower.

Parts of a Gumamela Flower

A. Sterile Parts/ Non-Essential parts of a Flower- these parts are for support and help in
attracting insects for pollination.
1. Calyx- is a collection of sepals. It is green, leaf-like structures that cover and
protects the rest of the flower. They also support the other parts when the bud opens.
2. Corolla- is found inside the calyx. It usually consists of one or more petals. These
are often, but not always bright-colored. Corolla together with calyx frequently attracts
insects. They may also help protect the inner part of the flowers.
 3. PEDUNCLE/ PEDICEL- stalk that attaches the flower to the stem.
4. Receptacle- bulging extensions of the pedicel
B. Essential Parts or the Reproductive Parts
1. Stamen- the male reproductive part of the flower and is collectively called as
androecium. It consists of the following:
a) Filament - the slender stalk
b) Anther - a knoblike structure located at the tip of the filament that produces
colored pollen grains. Pollen contains sperm nuclei, which is essential for
reproduction.
2. Pistil - the female reproductive part of the flower and is collectively called as
gynoecium. Pistil is also known as carpel. It is usually flask-shaped and consists of
the following:
a) Stigma - expanded tip of the style and is usually sticky which receive the pollen
grains
b) Style - long, slender stalk which supports the stigma
c) Ovary - a swollen base where the style ends and that bears the ovules. The ovules
will later become seeds.
Source: Science Learners Module

ACTIVITY 4 Investigate Me!

This time, you will now apply the knowledge that you have learned from your previous readings.
Answer the following questions in your notebook.

Directions: You may look for a real gumamela flower in your area (if you have) or you may examine
the entire flower and the part of its stem found in the module.

Q1. Describe how the flower is attached to the stem.

Q2. What are the reproductive structures of the flower? Describe them.
Q3. What do you think is the adaptive value of the sticky characteristics of the stigma in reproduction?

THINK AND DO!

Lesson 3: Comparison of Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

Organisms do not live indefinitely; some bacteria live for a few minutes, some mammals
for half a century, and some plants for hundreds or thousands of years. Life would come to an
end without the process of reproduction. It is one of living organisms' most important and
essential activities.
Organisms can reproduce in one of two ways: asexually or sexually. The union of two
sex cells, or gametes, results in the formation of a new individual in sexual reproduction. As a
result,
the offspring is distinct from the parents or siblings. When just one parent is involved in the
creation of a new species, this is known as asexual reproduction. Because there is only one
parent, the infant inherits all the mother's or father's characteristics. As a result, both the parent
and the child are the same.
In the previous lesson, you have already gained knowledge about the two types of
reproduction, namely sexual and asexual reproduction. Although these two methods of
reproduction differ, every method leads to the beginning of a new life. Before we will proceed,
let us have first a refreshing activity to lighten up your mind. Source: Science Learners Module

EXERCISE 2: REMEMBER ME!

Directions: Identify whether each of the following statements is sexual or asexual reproduction.
Use your notebook in answering the questions.
1. Two different types of sex cells unite to form a zygote.
2. The characteristics of the offspring are like those of the parent.
3. Internal fertilization is necessary.
4. The new individual may have been a part of the body of a single parent.
5. The union of a sperm cell and an egg cell results in a zygote.
6. Variation is introduced in the members of the species.
7. New individuals from a single parent are produced very fast.
8. The offspring is a combination of the traits of both parents.
9. Sex cells are involved in the production of offspring.
10. Only one parent is involved.

Source: Science Learners Module

 ACTIVITY 5: GUESS AND COUNT ME IN!
Directions: In this portion, you will be answering an activity that will help you understand more
on the topic. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. Examine the images/pictures thoroughly.
2. Guess the name of each organism and the type of reproduction.
3. Guess and count the number of parents involved.

Name of Picture/Image Number of Parent/s

Organism Involved

1.

2.

3.
4.

5.

6.

7.

Source: Science Learners Module

Assignment: Make an investigation on at least five different organisms found in your

surroundings that reproduce both sexually and asexually. Indicate what would be the
reasons for each preferred type of reproduction. Make a table like the one above in your
notebook.