English communication skills

Topic
Albert Bandura social learning
theories

Observational learning
Cognitive learning
Submitted to. Mam : Shazia

Submitted by. Abdul Salam

Date. 03 October/2019
Department education second Bach/sem
Background
Albert Bandura was born in December 4,1925
and he was a Canadian American. Mr Albert
studied in university of British Columbia and
also in university of lowa from two different
institute's.
As we know him he is very famous for research
on social learning theories.. And he done a lot
of work in psychology and he become elected
president of American psychologist association
in 1974.
 Introduction
The social learning theory proposed by Albert
Bandura and his theory become perhaps the
most influential theory of learning and
development.
According to Albert Bandura people (learner) can
learn new information ideas, thought, by
watching, observing. That observations is very
important thing for learning. And he also
suggest that society plays an important rule and
that we learn which we Observe around us
through imitation ...
 Social learning theory
In social learning theory Albert Bandura
posits that people learn from one another,
simply we can say that human learn the
things with the help of society
The theory has often been called a bridge
between Behaviorism and cognitive
learning theories .
Key concepts of this theory is that people
learn through observing others, behavior,
attitude through coping (imitation).
 Social learning concepts
There are 3 three core concepts at the heart
of social learning theory. First is that
people can learn through observation by
watching.Next is the notion that internal
mental States are an essential part of this
process,which is ,,intrinsic Reinforcement,
Finally this theory recognizes that just
because something has been learned, it
does not mean that it will result in a
change in behavior.The modeling process
 Observational learning
This is the most important strategy of Albert
Bandura,s theory which tell us that students
(Learner) learn effectively through
observing.
Observational learning is one of the best
known experiments in the history of
psychology, Bandura demonstrated that
children learn and imitate behaviors they
have observed in other people.
Simply we can say that children observe the
people around them behaving in various
Things ( individuals) that are observed called
models.
In a society children are surrounded by influential
models, such as parents, family, TV characters,
friends with in the peer groups, teacher at
school.
These models provide examples of behavior to
observe and imitate copy .
Observational learning is that process where a
person pays attention and observe, the live
model and through communication and listening
the things from,, verbal instructional
model,,symbolic model is also a source of
INTRINSIC. Reinforcement
Bandura noted that external environment
reinforcement was not the only factor to
influence learning and behavior. He
described,,, intrinsic reinforcement,, as a form
of internal reward, such as pride ,satisfaction
and to be satisfy ... This emphasises on
internal thought and cognitons. Bandura
himself describes his approach as a,, social
cognitive theory,, which means that some how
with the help of society we learn but the
important thing is..... .cont
It is depends upon our own understanding..
Simply intrinsic reinforcement is that the child
have already learned that success only
depends opon the hard work. From to a
completion of a work... They internally
struggle for it.......
 The Modeling process
The modeling process is that what we
observed this means that this change in our
behavior but that's not .because only
looking observing the model we can't learn
the things effectively... This not change in
behavior.
Just observing someone else's action is not
always enough to lead to learning. Our own
mental states and motivation plays an
important role in determining whether a
behavior is learned or not..
There are some steps in modeling process
 These following steps are
 Attention

Retention

 Reproduction

 Motivation
 Attention
According to Bandura in order to learn we
need to be paying attention. Any thing that
distracts our attention that is going to have
negative effect on observational learning.
This mean that fully concentration is very
important for learning....
Much more we give our attention we will
better understand..
 Retention
The ability to store information is also an
important part of learning process.. Retention
can be effected by a number of factors,but the
ability to pull up information later and act on it
is vital to observational learning...
Simply after paying attention to a model the
some act is retention.
 Reproduction
Reproduction means that once we have paid
attention to a model and retained the
information, it is time to actually perform
the behavior we observed.
That doing things by own being productiv.
 Motivation
Perhaps the most important aspect of
observational learning involves motivation if
the human or animal does not have a reason
for imitatting the behavior, then no amount of
attention, or retention, or reproduction will
overcome the lack of motivation...
 Principles
The major principles of this theory is that we
can learn by observing of others behavior.
And after studying his theory we are able to
understand that learning can occur with out
change in behavior. And thus that our own
mind cognition plays an important rule in
learning.
 Social learning and
Reinforcement and
punishment
During the first half of the 20th century, the
behavioral school of psychology became a
dominant force. The behaviorist proposed
that idea that all learning was a result of
direct experience with the environment
through the process of association and
reinforcement.while Bandura believed
that direct reinforcement could not account
for all types of learning.
 ,,Bobo Doll,,Experiment
Bandura, Ross,in (1961) experimented to 36
boys and 36 girls from the Stanford university
nursery school and their age were 3 to 6
years...what he did he selected a model in a
proper place a man and a,,Bobo doll ,, and
the model was a Video scene in which a
person showing aggressive and polite
actions to ,,Bobo doll,, by kicking, bunching,
beating to a hammer and others scenes
there were and also the person love the
Bobo doll in other scenes..what he observed
that those children how observed
Violent, aggressive actions they act same and
those who saw loving actions to the Bobo doll
they also act same they showed loved to
Bobo doll. Thus from that Albert Bandura
observed that children can learn from
observations.
 And video is also present
So Far we are discussing this theory. So the
questions occurs in our mind that how this
theory helps us as a,, Students,, as a,,
teacher,, and as a ,,parentis,
First of all as a,, Students,, what we have to
do we just have to pay attention fully in
class in all activities and also out side of the
class because we can learn easily by doing
it and we just have to believe that we are
able to do a task.and we try to observe good
behavior because it influence on our
behavior..
 As a Teacher in classroom
This theory is based on that students learn
from observation... So as a teacher we find
the concept to be particularly in a class room
our all acts body language tone of voice,
dressing all should be good and setting of
class room and delivering of lessons all
should be proper because that time we are a
model in front of students. And also we have
to deal students in that way which is polite
that can reach a number of students to
convey a Central message. It will help us to
get from the students a positive
 Conclusion
At the End of the theory we are able to understud
that all aspects of classroom that can be any
thing the teacher have to aware about them....
Thus that the teacher very much to maintain
classroom effectively appropriately.......and as a
parents we have to look our child's surrounding
that they not to observe inappropriate behavior
negative acts like fighting, lie,etc because the
children will learn from them and they also will
act same........ The End
Thanks.
To

All .........