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TCP Udp
TCP Udp
MOTIVATION/PRESENTATION
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1z0ULvg_pW8
OSI Model
7 Layers
7. Application Layer
6. Presentation Layer
5. Session Layer
4. Transport Layer
3. Network Layer
2. Data Link Layer
1. Physical Layer
LAYER 7 – The APPLICATION Layer
12
What is a protocol?
13
Why TCP/IP is so popular?
14
TCP/IP Model
TCP, UDP
IP, ARP, ICMP
Network Interface
15
Layer of Models
Application
Transport
Network
Network Interface
16
Layer-1 Application Layer
• Application layer protocols define the rules when
implementing specific network applications
• Rely on the underlying layers to provide accurate and
efficient data delivery
• Typical protocols:
• FTP – File Transfer Protocol
• For file transfer
• Telnet – Remote terminal protocol
• For remote login on any other computer on the network
• SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• For mail transfer
• HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol
• For Web browsing
17
Layer-2 Transport Layer
Message
Application
Segments
Transport h M h M h M
Network
Network Interface
18
TCP and UDP
TCP – Transmission Control Protocol
• TCP is a connection-oriented protocol
• Does not mean it has a physical connection between sender
and receiver
• TCP provides the function to allow a connection virtually
exists – also called virtual circuit
• TCP provides the functions:
• Dividing a chunk of data into segments
• Reassembly segments into the original chunk
• Provide further the functions such as reordering and data
resend
• Offering a reliable byte-stream delivery service 19
Layer-3 Network Layer
Message
Application
Segments
h M h M h M
Transport
Network
h h M h h M h h M
Network Interface Datagrams / Packets
20
Network Addresses and Subnets
• A header is added to each segment in the Network
layer
Total
Length
Segment
21
Layer-4 Data Link and Physical Layers
Message
Application
Segments
h M h M h M
Transport
Network h h M h h M h h M
Packets
Network Interface
h h h M h h h M
22
Frames
Concept
1) It reduces complexity
4) Ensures interoperability
5) Accelerates evolution
B. Session
C. Transport
D. Network
E. Data link
F. Physical
3. WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF TRANSPORT
PROTOCOL?
A. Internet layer
B. Transport layer
C. Application layer
A. TFTP
B. DNS
C. FTP
D. SNMP
E. RMS
6.How does a switch differ from a hub?
A. Physical
B. Data-link
C. Transport
D. Network
10. MEANING OF OSI =
ANSWERS
• A
• D
• C
• D
• C
• B
• D
• C
• C
• OPEN SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION