Test Rules (2/10/14)

Open Book. Answer all questions. Please answer on separate sheets of paper. You may refer
to the textbook, notes, solutions to homework and any other written or printed reference material
that you have brought with you.

Calculator use. You may use a programmable calculator or equivalent calculating device (e.g.
calculator functionality on a phone). You should limit the use of the calculating device to the
performance of calculations. You may use programs that you have written to evaluate quantities
commonly used in this class (e.g. saturation vapor pressure).

Computer use. You may use a laptop computer to access an electronic version of the textbook.
You may use a program such as Excel, Smath studio or R to perform calculations. You may not
send emails or messages or communicate in any way with anyone other than the instructor or
moderator regarding solutions to these questions.

Even when using a calculator or computer you should write your work out on your solution
paper as you will only be graded based on what you write down. Even when the answer is
correct, you need to show how you got it. For partial credit in cases where the solution is not
correct I need to see how you were approaching the problem.
 Radial flow to a confined aquifer
Examine how much the piezometric surface is drawn down
by pumping from a well penetrating a confined aquifer

ℎ − ℎ𝑤
𝑄 = 2𝜋𝐾𝑏
ln(𝑟/𝑟𝑤 )

𝑄 ln 𝑟/𝑟𝑤
ℎ − ℎ𝑤 =
2𝜋𝐾𝑏

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

 Example
A well fully penetrates a 25 m thick confined aquifer. After a long period
of pumping at a constant rate of 0.05 m3/s, the drawdowns at distances
of 50 and 150 m from the well were observed to be 3 and 1.2 m
respectively. Determine the hydraulic conductivity and the
transmissivity. What type of unconsolidated deposit would you expect
this to be? If a contaminant enters the well 50 m away, how long will it
take to get to the pumping well.

𝑄 ln 𝑟2 Τ𝑟1
𝑠1 − 𝑠2 =
2𝜋𝐾𝑏

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

 Range of values of Hydraulic Conductivity

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

 Example
A 1 m diameter well penetrates vertically through a confined aquifer 30
m thick. When the well is pumped at 113 m3/hr, the drawdown in a well
15 m away is 1.8 m; in another well 50 m away, it is 0.5 m. What is the
approximate head in the pumped well for steady state conditions and
what is the approximate drawdown in the well? Also compute the
transmissivity of the aquifer and the radius of influence of the pumping
well. Take the initial piezometric level as 40 m above the datum

𝑄 ln 𝑟2 Τ𝑟1
𝑠1 − 𝑠2 =
2𝜋𝐾𝑏

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

 Radial Flow to an Unconfined Aquifer

𝜋𝐾 ℎ22 − ℎ12
𝑄=
ln 𝑟2 /𝑟1

𝑄
ℎ22 − ℎ12 = ln 𝑟2 /𝑟1
𝜋𝐾

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

 Example
A well penetrates an unconfined aquifer. Prior to pumping, the water
level (head) is ho = 25 m. After a long period of pumping at a constant
rate of 0.05 m3/s, the drawdowns at distances of 50 and 150 m from the
well were observed to be 3 and 1.2 m, respectively. Compute the
hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer and the radius of influence of the
pumping well. What type of deposit is the aquifer material.

𝜋𝐾 ℎ22 − ℎ12
𝑄=
ln 𝑟2 /𝑟1

𝑄
ℎ22 − ℎ12 = ln 𝑟2 /𝑟1
𝜋𝐾

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology

 Unconfined Aquifer with Uniform Recharge

𝑄
ℎ𝑜2 − ℎ2 = ln 𝑟𝑜 /𝑟
𝜋𝐾
𝑊 2
+ (𝑟 − 𝑟𝑜2 )
2𝐾

See Example 4.2.5

From Mays, 2011, Ground and Surface Water Hydrology