PRESENTATION ON PIPE THICKNESS

CALCULATION AND PIPE SIZING

CALCULATION
 CONTENTS
PIPE THICKNESS PIPE SIZING
CALCULATION CALCULATION

– WALL THICKNESS – PIPE SIZE

– ASME B31.1, B31.3, B31.4 – LIQUID LINES

THICKNESS CALC.

– SELECTION OF PIPE – FINAL PIPE SIZE

– WEIGHT
PIPE SIZING CALCULATION
 PIPE SIZING

• Diameter of pipe
– Velocity
– Pressure Drop

1. Liquid lines

2. Single phase gas lines

3. Gas / Liquid two phase lines

 LIQUID LINES
Nomenclature,
V1 = average liquid flow velocity, feet/sec

Q1 = liquid flow rate, barrel/day.

di = Pipe inside diameter, inches.

P = Pressure drop, psi/100 feet.

f = Moody friction factor, dimensionless.

S1 = liquid specific gravity (water = 1).

 Code API RP 14E f = Function of (Renolds Number & Surface

 Average Liquid Velocity Roughness of the pipe)
 Liquid flow rate
 LIQUID LINES
Nomenclature,

Re = Reynolds number, dimensionless.

Q1 = liquid flow rate, barrel/day.

 Re < 2300 di = pipe inside diameter, feet.

 Re > 4500
 Re (2300 – 4500) 1 = liquid density, lb/ft3.

V1 = liquid flow velocity, ft/sec.

Moody’s Friction Factor
1 = dynamic viscosity, lb/ft-sec, (pa. sec)
 LIQUID LINES
Values,
= 5.241”
The Pipeline has been designed for 25%
additional capacity of normal Flow Rate

Q1 = (40 m3/hr * 25%= 50m3/hr) =

7555 barrels/day

V1 = 3.3 , feet/sec
di * di = 0.012 x Q / V
di = pipe inside diameter, inches.

 Average Liquid Velocity = 3.3 feet/sec

 Liquid flow rate = 40 m3/hr

 RECOMMENDED PIPE SIZE = 6”

 FINAL PIPE SIZING

The following should be considered in determining a suitable pipe size:

 The allowable pressure drop.

 Whether pressure surges could occur in the piping system.

 Whether erosion could occur in the piping system.

 Whether the piping system could be subjected to vibrations.

 Whether solids could settle out from the fluid (e.g. in slurry service).

 The type of flow pattern of two-phase flow; an intermittent flow pattern shall be
avoided.

 The allowable temperature drop if the fluid is highly viscous.

 The economic pipe diameter, considering the capital expenditure and operating expenditure of the pumps,
compressors and the piping system.

 Mechanical strength
PIPE THICKNESS CALCULATION
 THICKNESS

WALL THICKNESS:
• Wall thickness is a term used to
describe the thickness of the metal
used to make a pipe. Wall thickness is
also commonly referred to as a pipe's
weight.
• Before selecting pipe, careful
consideration must be given to its
material, temperature and pressure
allowances, corrosion resistance, and
more. Buying and installing pipe that
does not meet the minimum
requirements can be dangerous and
deadly. Using pipe that far exceeds
what is required to do the job can
result in tremendous cost overruns.
NPS 1/8” to 12”
NPS 14” & Above
 ASME B31.3
Nomenclature,
tm = The required thickness in inches

t = Pressure design thickness in inches

P = Internal design gauge pressure in psig

D = Outside diameter of pipe in inches

 DESIGN CODE
S = Stress value for material in psi
 MATERIAL OF PIPING
 DESIGN TEMPERATURE E = Quality factor
 DESIGN PRESSURE
W = Weld joint strength reduction factor
The minimum thickness, T, for the Y = Coefficient
pipe selected, considering
manufacturer's minus tolerance, C = Corrosion & Erosion allowance in mm
shall be not less than tm.)
 ASME B31.3
Values,
= 0.6793” tm = 0.788”

t = 0.5613”
= 0.5613”
P = 600 psig

D = 36”
 DESIGN CODE = ASME B31.3

 PIPING MATERIAL= API 5L Gr. BSAW

S = 20000 psi

 DESIGN TEMPERATURE = 200Deg. F E = 0.95

 DESIGN PRESSURE = 600 psig. W =1

= (0.679” + 12.5%) = 0.764” Y = 0.4

= 20.218 mm.
C = 3 mm (0.118”)
 ASME B31.4
Nomenclature,
tn = Nominal thickness in inches

t = Pressure design thickness in inches

Pi = Internal design gauge pressure in psig

D = Outside diameter of pipe in inches

 DESIGN CODE
S = Allowable Stress value for material in psi
 MATERIAL OF PIPING
 DESIGN TEMPERATURE E = Weld joint factor
 DESIGN PRESSURE
F = Design factor based on nominal wall
thickness
The minimum thickness, T, for the
pipe selected, considering A = Corrosion & Erosion allowance in mm
manufacturer's minus tolerance,
shall be not less than tm.)
 ASME B31.4
Values,
= 0.5466”
tn = 0.5466”

= 0.4286” t = 0.4286”

Pi = 600 psig

 DESIGN CODE = ASME B31.4 D = 36”

 PIPING MATERIAL= API 5L Gr.
BSAW S = 25200 psi
 DESIGN TEMPERATURE = 200Deg.
F
 DESIGN PRESSURE = 600 psig. E =1

=(0.5466” + 12.5%) = 0.615” F = 0.72

= 15.621 mm.
A = 3 mm (0.118”)
 ASME B31.1
Nomenclature,
tm = The required thickness in inches

t = Pressure design thickness in inches

P = Internal design gauge pressure in psig

 DESIGN CODE Do = Outside diameter of pipe in inches

 MATERIAL OF PIPING
SE (or) SF= Stress value for material in psi
 DESIGN TEMPERATURE
 DESIGN PRESSURE F = Casting Quality factor

W = Weld joint efficiency

The minimum thickness, T, for the y = Coefficient
pipe selected, considering
manufacturer's minus tolerance, C = Corrosion & Erosion allowance in mm
shall be not less than tm.)
 ASME B31.1
Nomenclature,

tm = 1.089”
= 1.089”
P = 600 psig

Do = 36”
 DESIGN CODE = ASME B31.3
 PIPING MATERIAL= API 5L Gr. B SE (or) SF= 12800 psi
 DESIGN TEMPERATURE = 200Deg. F
 DESIGN PRESSURE = 600 psig. F = Casting Quality factor
 ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WELDED
PIPE
W = 0.85

= (1.089” + 12.5%) = 1.225” y = 0.4

= 31.115 mm.
C = 3 mm (0.118”)
 ASME B31.1 / B31.3 / B31.4

DESIGN CONDITIONS: WALL THICKNESS

 PIPING MATERIAL= API 5L Gr. B • ASME B31.1 = 31.115 mm.
• ASME B31.3 = 20.218 mm.
 DESIGN TEMPERATURE = 200Deg. F • ASME B31.4 = 15.621 mm.

 DESIGN PRESSURE = 600 psig. ALLOWABLE STRESS

• ASME B31.1 = 12800 psi
 CORROSION ALLOWANCE = 3 mm.
• ASME B31.3 = 20000 psi
• ASME B31.4 = 25200 psi
 DIAMETER (PIPE SIZE) = 36”
 SELECTION OF PIPE

ASME B36.10M ASME B36.19M

(Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe) (Stainless Steel Pipe)
• SCHEDULE:
 STD  5S
 XS  10S
 XXS  40S
• SCHEDULE NUMBERS:  80S
 5 60
 10 80
100
 20
120
 30 140
 40 160
 WEIGHT OF PIPE

ASME B36.10M ASME B36.19M

(Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe) (Stainless Steel Pipe)

• Weight in lb/ft • Weight in lb/ft

• Weight in kg/m • Weight in kg/m

 IMPORTANT POINTS

ASME B36.10M ASME B36.19M

(Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe)
• STD = SCHEDULE 40 (NPS 10”)
• NPS 12” > STD WALL THICKNESS
9.53 mm.
• XS = SCHEDULE 80 (NPS 8”)
• NPS 12” > XS WALL THICKNESS
12.70 mm.
(Stainless Steel Pipe)
• NPS14” through NPS 22” Inclusive
Schedule 10S
• NPS12” of Schedule 40S
• NPS 10” and NPS 12” Schedule 80S
• S – Why?

• NPS 48” WALL THICKNESS

 WALL THICKNESS SELECTION

• WALL THICKNESS ------> RESIST INTERNAL PRESSURE Under

given Condition (ASME B31)
• Orthogonal to Axis direction. Caused by Internal Pressure (Hoops Stress)
Parallel to the pipe Circumference
Lames Equation: (SH Varies through Pipe wall)

The hoop stress can be approximated for thin wall cylind

-ers, by assuming that the pressure force, applied
over an arbitrary length of pipe, l (F= P di l), is
resisted uniformly by the pipe wall over that same
arbitrary length (Am=2 t l)
 REFERENCE
PIPE THICKNESS PIPE SIZING
CALCULATION CALCULATION

– ASME B31.1/B31.3/B31.4 – API RP 14E

– ASME B36.10M/B36.19M – DEP 31.38.01.11-Gen.
– The Piping Guide – Practical Fluid Mechanics For
(David R. Sherwood) Engineering Application
– Pipe Drafting and Design (John)
(Roy & Robert)
– ITT Grinnell – Pipe Design
and Engineering
– COADE – Pipe Stress
Analysis Seminar Notes
Any Questions ???
THANK YOU