HOW TO DESIGN

?
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)

Why is
“Means of Egress “needed
in the building?
02 APRIL 2013

November 24 ,2012
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
What does it mean “ Means of Egress”?
Means of Egress
 Exit Access
 Exit
 Exit Discharge

Exit Access Door

Exit Access
Exit Door
Exit
Stair

Exit
Discharge
 How to design Means of Egress in the building?
2.6 Means of Egress (MNBC Draft)
2.6.1 Means of Egress system

2.6.2 General Requirements for Means of Egress

Means of Egress System

2.6.3 Occupant Load

2.6.4 Exit Access
2.6.5 Exit and Exit Access Doorways from Space
2.6.6 No. of Exit Staircase or Exits per Storey
2.6.7 Exit Access Travel Distance
2.6.8 Egress Width
2.6.9 Exit Stairs
2.6.10 Exits Discharge
2.6.11 Exit Doors
2.6.12 Means of Egress Lighting
2.6.13 Accessible Means of Egress
2.6.14 Smoke Stop Lobby
2.6.15 Exit Sign
2.6.16 Emergency escape/ Refuge Area
2.6.17 Special requirements
 What are the General requirements
of Means of Egress?
2.6.2 General Requirements for Means of Egress
 Ceiling Height  Level Changes
 Protruding Objects  Egress Continuity
 Floor Surface  Elevators, Escalators and Moving
Means of Egress System

walks can not be used as egress

 How to calculate the occupant load?
2.6.3 Occupant Load
 Mixed Occupancy
( different types of occupancies or different
purpose at the same times)

 Multiple Occupancy or Use

Means of Egress System

(multiple purpose involving different activities at

different times)
 Egress Convergence

Occupant Load A

Occupant Load A + B
Occupant Load B

 Fixed Seating
 How many exits are needed from a room?

2.6.5 Exit and Exit Access Doorways from Space

Two exits or exit access doorways shall be provided if
the occupant load of the space exceeds as per table.
Means of Egress System
 How many exits are needed per storey?
2.6.6 No. of Exit staircase or Exits per storey
Minimum two independent exit staircases of other exit
shall be provided from every storey of a building unless ,..
Means of Egress System
 How travel distance is measured?
2.6.7 Exit access travel distance
Means of Egress System

a. Measurement travel distance is from the guestroom door (or) residential unit door to
exit.
b. For travel distance in single staircase.
c. For travel distance to external corridor.
 How to design Egress width?
2.6.8 Egress width
-The maximum width -6 feet 6 inches.
If exceed 6 feet 6 inches in width,
handrails shall be used.
Means of Egress System
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
What are Exit Stairs?

2.6.9 Exit Staircases

 Readily accessible and doors shall be openable and
unobstructed at all times when building is occupied.

 Free from smoke, heat & fire for a period of time.

 Internal Exit Staircases

 External Exit Staircases
Means of Egress System
Are they Exit stairs?
Means of Egress System
Are they Exit stairs?
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
General requirements of Exit Staircases

1.Structural requirements - Minimum 1 hr rated construction or as per

structural fire rating requirements.

2.Risers/Tread - Rise: Max 7", Tread: Min 10“

Occupancy R – Bungalow &Detached
within Dwelling units &
Rise: Max 8", Tread: Min 10" for stairs

Riser Tolerance- 3/16”

3. Head room - Minimum 6'-8"

4. Stair Width - Minimum 3'-6"

5. Landing Width - Minimum 3'-6" or same as stair width

Have to provide landing at every 16 risers

6. Handrail Height - Minimum 34-38"

Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
Internal Exit Staircases

 Normally it shall be enclosed.

Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
Internal Exit Staircases

 Not necessary to enclose if it is approach from external corridor

or exit passage way.
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
Internal Exit Staircases

 No protected opening within 1.5M horizontally and 3M vertically below

any part of ventilation opening.
 Naturally ventilated - Fixed opening on external wall /not less
than 10 % of floor area per floor of stair (OR)
 Mechanically Ventilated.
 Do they comply with Internal
Exit stairs?
Means of Egress System
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
External Exit Staircases

 No protected opening within

3M horizontally and
3M vertically below
any part of ventilation opening.
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
External Exit Staircases

 No protected opening within

3M horizontally and
3M vertically below any part of ventilation opening.
 Are they comply with External
Exit stairs?
Means of Egress System
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
2.6.14 Smoke free approach to Exit Stair

 If a building is more than 4 storeys,

Entry to exit stair shall be through
an external approach or
smoke stop lobby.

 External approach
External Corridor
- External Corridor
- External Exit Passage Way

External Exit Passageway

Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
2.6.14 Smoke free approach to Exit Stair

 Smoke Stop Lobby

- Minimum fire rated 1 hour construction.
- Minimum 32sq-ft
- Naturally ventilated - Fixed opening on external wall /
not less than 15% of floor area per floor of stair
(OR)
- Mechanically Ventilated

Naturally Ventilated Mechanically Ventilated

Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
2.6.14 Smoke free approach to Exit Stair

Naturally Cross Ventilated

Smoke Stop Lobby.
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase) Mechanically Ventilated Internal Staircase &
Smoke Stop Lobby.

Naturally Ventilated Internal Staircase &

Mechanically Ventilated Smoke Stop Lobby.

Naturally Ventilated Internal Staircase &

Smoke Stop Lobby.
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
2.6.14 Smoke free approach to Exit Stair
 Fire Fighting Lobby
- Minimum fire rated 1 hour construction.
- Minimum 64sq-ft.
- Minimum width 6ft 6 inches.
- Naturally ventilated - Fixed opening on external wall /
not less than 15% of floor area per floor of stair. (OR)
-Mechanically ventilated.
-Shall be connected to exit stair & firemen lift

Naturally Ventilated Mechanically Ventilated

 How to discharge?
2.6.10 Exit Discharge
-Into safe exterior space
Means of Egress System
 How to discharge?
-Into safe exterior space
Means of Egress System
 - Is it safe to
discharged like
this?
- How elderly
people can run
Means of Egress System

through this stair?

 2.6.11 Exit Doors

2.6.12 Means of Egress Lighting

2.6.13 Accessible Means of Egress

Means of Egress System

2.6.14 Smoke Stop Lobby

2.6.15 Exit Sign

2.6.16 Emergency Escape/ Refuge Area

2.6.17 Special Requirements

Why Fire Fighting system is
needed in the building?
Means of Egress System (Exit Staircase)
Fire Fighting System
 Raising Main Locations & No. of Raising Main
Myanmar Fire Code (Draft)
THANK YOU.