TEXTILE CHEMICAL PROCESSING

SCOURING

By
PRIYANSHA ANAND
18BS25 SEC- ‘A’
 WHY SCOURING?
• After desizing the cloth is removed from many
substances but it stills contains some natural
impurities.
• Natural impurities like oils ,fats ,waxes ,proteins
,dirt and stain
• Oils and fats create certain surface tension over
the surface of the fabric which in turn resists the
processing(dyeing , printing etc.)
• They are hydrophobic and hinder the
absorbency ability of the cloth.
 WHAT IS SCOURING?

• The process by which water resistant or

hindering layer is removed from the fabric is
called scouring.
 OBJECTIVES OF SCOURING

• To remove the natural impurities.

• To increase the absorbency of the fabric.

 METHODS

1. Caustic-Soda boil
2. Enzyme scouring
 Mechanism of Caustic-Soda Boil

• Oils are converted into soaps by saponification.

• Waxes present in the material is emulsified.
• Proteins and amino acids are hydrolyzed to
soluble form.
• Mineral matter are dissolved.
• Dirt particles are removed and held in
suspension.
• SAPONIFICATION

• EMULSIFICATION
• Waxes are hydrophobic in nature ,they can only be removed when
converted into emulsions.
CHEMICAL USED DURING SCOURING
• DETERGENTS
A detergent is added to the scouring liquor to keep the
solid dirt particles suspended into the solution and
prevent them from settling on the fabric.
• WETTING AGENTS
The surface tension of water prevents the wetting of
hydrophobic material .The substances which reduce
the surface tension of water are called wetting agents.
For successful removal of impurities during scouring
it is necessary to use wetting agents
 RECIPE
• Recipe

– Sodium hydroxide =3% (W/W)

– Sodium Carbonate =1% (W/W)
– Wetting agent (TRO) =0.5% (W/V)
– MLR = 1:20
– Temperature =100°C
– Time = 120 minutes
 Mechanism of Enzyme Scouring
• The concentration of pectinase and cellulase to
be taken is optimised.
• Keeping MLR at 1:20.
• pH is maintained between 6.8-7
• Scouring is carried for 1-2hours depending on
the weight of fabric.
• At 65◦C
• The scoured fabric is removed washed
thoroughly with cold and hot water.
 SCOUR-BLEACH

• In this process,the enzyme scouring was done using

the enzyme mixture with optimized concentration of
pectinase and cellulase to MLR at 1:20.
• The pH of the bath is maintained b/w 6.8-6.9
• The scouring process is carried out for some hours
and allowed to cool down.
• In the same bath the bleaching materials are added
and the scouring-bleach process is carried for about
1 hour.
• Finally the scoured fabric is taken out and allowed
to dry.
THANK YOU