RIZAL IN FRANCE

AND GERMANY
France
• He first arrived at MARSEILLES
• June 17 to August 20 1883
• After his studies in Madrid, he went
back to Paris.
- 24years old and a full fledged surgeon
Maximo Viola
- Medical Student from San Miguel, Bulacan
- help Rizal to published Noli Me Tangere.
Dr. Louis De Wecker
- Rizal worked as an assistant and apprentice for 4
months
Rizal learned the following :
-actual performance of eye operation.
-recent studies on the ailment of the eyes
-various techniques of eye operation.
• Rizal took time to visit his fellow Filipinos.
• He frequented the residences of Felix R.
Hidalgo, Pardo De Tavera and Juan
Luna
• Rizal became a model in Luna's two
historical canvasses:
• The Blood Compact (Sikatuna)
• The Death of Cleopatra(Priest)
• 1/4 of Noli Me Tangere had completed
• He continue his studies in different languages
and artistic skills
• “The Beggar”
• “The Maid with a Basket”
• KIDLAT CLUB
-Social club which brought young Filipinos
residing in France together.
• INDIOS BRAVOS
 Germany
• February 1 1886
• He left Paris due to its high cost of living
Rizal in Heidelberg, Germany

• February 3 1886
• He became a member of chess player's club of
Heidelberg
• He became popular too, because of their drinking
 Rizal wrote letters to his sisters - Maria and
Trinidad
In his letter he described :
• Germany - country of order and obedience
• German students - affectionate, respectful,
modest and not boastful
• German women- (physical) tall ,stout and blonde
- serious, educated, diligent and friendly.
 “To the Flowers of Heidelberg”
• April 22, 1886 –Rizal wrote a fine poem
entitled “A Las Flores de Heidelberg”.
• He was fascinated by the blooming flowers
along the cool banks of the Neckar River
• the light blue flower called “forget-me-not”-
his favorite flower.
Summer Vacation at Wilhelmsfeld
• Dr. Karl Ulmer- a pastor of
vicarage of Wilhelmsfeld
• June 2, 1886
• He observe the Pastor Ulmer being
able to get well with the catholic
priest in the area which is not
noticeable in Philippines.
Blumentritt
• July 31 1886- he wrote his first
letter.
• Blumentritt is an Austrian
ethnologist and he has an
interest in the Philippine
language.
• Aritmetica -authored by
Rufino Baltazar Hernandez
Rizal to Leipzig and Dresden

• He arrived in Leipzig on Aug. 14,1886

• He befriended Prof. Friedrich Ratzel-
famous
• Historian and Dr. Hans Meyer- German
anthropologist.
• He stayed for 2 months in Leipzig
• Rizal translated Schiller's William Tell and
some fairytales written by Hans Christian
Rizal in Berlin
• November 1, 1886
reasons:
• To further his studies of science and languages
• To gain further knowledge of ophthalmology
• To associate with famous German scientists and
scholars
• To publish his first novel.
Life in Berlin
• Morning
- worked as an assistant of Dr. Schweigger's
Clinic
• Evening
- attended lectures in University of Berlin
• At boarding house
- continue studying French, German and Italian
language
Rizal welcomed in Berlin's Scientific
Circles
Some scientists Rizal met are:
• Dr. Feodor Jagor- German scientist-traveler,
author of Travels in the Philippines
• Dr. Rudolf Virchow- falous German anthropologist
• Dr. W. Joest- German geographer
• Dr. Karl Ernest Schweigger- famous German
ophthalmologist.
By the recommendation of Dr. Jagor and Dr.
Meyer, Rizal was accepted as a member of the
following societies in Berlin

• Anthropological society
• Geographical society
• Ethnological society
THE MAKING OF NOLI
RIZAL IN BERLIN
Idea of Writing a Novel
on the Philippines
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Author: Harriet Beecher
Stowe
Reunion of Filipinos
in the Paterno RESIDENCE,
in Madrid
In this reunion, Rizal proposed the
Approved by:
writing of a novel about the ^ Paternos (Pedro, Maximino ad Antonio)
Philippines. ^ Graciano Lopez Jaena
^ Evaristo Aguirre
^ Eduardo de Lete
^ Julio Llorente
^ Melecio Figueroa
Unfortunately, Rizal’s project didn’t ^ Valentin Ventura.
materialize.
The Writing of
the noli
February 1886
Rizal made the final revisions on
the manuscript.

Rizal see no hope

For Noli to be Published
“I did not believe that the Noli Me
Tangere would ever be published when I
was in Berlin, broken-hearted,
weakened, and discouraged from
hunger and deprivation. I was in the
point of throwing my work into the fire
as a thing accursed and fit only to die”
– Rizal, 1884
Savior of Noli
Rizal received a telegram.
From his Friend, Dr. Maximo Viola

Christmas 1887
Viola arrived at Berlin
He was shocked to find Rizal’s living
condition
 viola finance the
printing cost of noli.

Deleted the whole

chapter
Elias and Salome

AFTER CANVASSING..
Rizal found a printing shop: Berliner
Buchdruckrei-Action-Gesselschaft (300
pesos for 2,000 copies)
RIZAL SUSPECTED AS FRENCH SPY
The Spanish Ambassador
THE CHIEF OF POLICE failed to keep his promise
VISITED RIZAL’S BOARDING
HOUSE.
Rizal, in fluent German
language..
Explained that he is not a French Spy,
that he is a Filipino physician and
scientist – ethnologist.

The Police chief was satisfied and

allowed him to stay freely in Germany.
PRINTING OF THE NOLI FINISHED

March 21, 1887 First copies to:

The Noli Me Tangere came off the press. Blumentritt
Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
G Lopez Jaena
Mariano Ponce
March 29, 1887 Felix Hidalgo
Rizal gave the galley proof of Noli to Viola
as a token of gratitude and appreciation.
 Rizal Message to Blumentritt:
“I am sending you a book. It is my first
book. It is the first impartial and bold book
on the life of the Tagalogs. The Filipino will
find it the history of the last ten years.
The government and the friars will
probably attack the work, but I trust in
the God of Truth and who have actually
seen the sufferings at close range.”
 THE TITLE OF THE NOVEL
Noli Me Tangere
Latin phrase which means
– “Touch Me Not”
Not originally conceived by Rizal
Rizal, writing to Felix R.
Hidalgo in French
Stated that, Noli Me Tangere, words taken
from the Gospel of Saint Luke, signify
“do not touch me”

Rizal made a mistake, it should be

On the First easter Sunday.. Gospel of St. John.
St. Mary Magdalene visited the Holy
Sepulcher, and to her Our Lord Jesus,
just arisen from the dead said:
“Touch me not: I am not yet ascended to my
Father, but go to my brethren, and say unto
them, I ascend unto my Father, and your
Father, and to my God and your God”
THE AUTHOR’S DEDICATION
Rizal dedicated Noli Me Tangere to the philippines.
“TO MY FATHERLAND”
NOLI ME TANGERE
synopsis

Noli is consist of..

63 chapters and an epilogue
Reception at the house of Capitan
Tiago at Calle Anloague.

Crisostomo Ibarra‘s
study and travel.

Chicken Tinola
 Lieutenant Guevara

Maria Clara

Ibarra was angered by the

grave-digger’s story
Padre Damaso was the
responsible for what happen
Padre Salvi - Franciscan
to Don Rafael
Parish Priest of San Diego
Tasio the Philisopher
Story of Sisa

Crispin was accused

and died.
Ibarra and his friends
gave a picnic at the lake

Incident against the crocodile


The Song of Maria Clara
Ibarra visited old Tasio to consult
him on his project about the
schoolhouse
Elias warned Ibarra that there
is a the plot to kill him
At the sumptuous dinner, Padre
Damaso insulted Ibarra‘s father

Ibarra’s attack on Padre

Damaso resulted to:
His engagement to Maria
Clara was broken.
He was excommunicated
The story of Elias was a tale of
pathos and tragedy

Ibarra was arrested and Padre Salvi became a chaplain of

Elias helped him escaped the nunnery

Elias was shot and run to the

forest Padre Damaso was transferred
to a remote province but
eventually died.
Maria Clara entered the Santa
Clara nunnery
Capitan Tiago became an opium
addict and a human wreck

The alfarez was

promotes major
 THE NOLI
BASED TRUTH
The Noli Me Tangere was a true story of Philippine
condition during the last decades of Spanish
rule.

Maria Clara was Leonor Rivera

Ibarra and Elias represented

Rizal himself

Capitan Tiago - Capitan Crispin and Basilio - Crisostomo

Tasio was Paciano brother of Hagonoy
Hilario Sunico

Padre Salvi - Padre Doña Victorina - Doña Padre Damasa was typical
Antonio Piernavieja Agustina Medel domineering friar
Elias and Salome(must be
after Chapter XXIV “ In
Rizal’s Friends Praised
the Woods”) the NOLI

”The government and the friars

will probably attack the work,
refuting my statements, but I
trust in the God of Truth and in
the persons who have actually
seen our suffering.” - Jose Rizal
 FIRST
HOMECOMING
(1887-1888)
DECISION TO RETURN
HOME
• After five years of
memorable sojourn in
Europe, he returned to the
Philippines.

• However, he was warned not to

return home by:
• Paciano
• Silvestre Ubaldo
• Jose Ma. Cecilio (Chengoy)
• He was determined to
return to the Philippines
for the following reasons:
- to operate on his mother’s
eyes
- to serve his people who had
long been oppressed by the
Spaniards
- to find outtyrants
for himself
how the NOLI and his other writings were
affecting Filipinos and Spaniards in the
Philippines; and
- to inquire why Leonor
 DELIGHTFUL TRIP TO
MANILA
• Rizal left Rome by train for Marseilles and boarded the steamer Djemnah.
• 50 passengers
• Suez Canal – he saw for the second time
• Some of Rizal’s book got wet at Aden
• Haipong
• August 5, 1887 - the Haipong arrived In Manila
HAPPY HOMECOMING
• August 8, 1887 - he returned to Calamba
• Write a letter for Blumentritt
• Rizal established a medical clinic
• Doña Teodora
• “Doctor Uliman”
• He opened a gymnasium
• Unable to see Leonor Rivera
• As Rizal was peacefully living in Calamba, his enemy
plotted his doom.
• Governor General Emilio Terrero
• Malacañang Palace
• Noli contained subversive ideas
• Don Jose Taviel de Andrade – his assigned bodyguard
• Father Pedro Payo – Archbishop of Manila
• Report of the faculty members of the UST
• Governor General Terrero sent the novel to the
Permanent Commission of Censorship
• Father Salvador Font – Augustinian cura of Tondo
• The banning of Noli only served to make it popular
ATTACKERS OF THE NOLI
• Father Font makes a report to discredit the
controversial novel
• Fr. Jose Rodriguez
• Cuestiones de Sumo Interes (Questions of Supreme
Interest)
• Defenders who fearlessly came out to prove the
merits of the novel or to refuse the arguments
Marcelo H del Pilar
Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
Graciano Lopez Jaena
Mariano Ponce and other Filipino reformist
Father Sanchez
Don Segismundo Moret
Dr. Miguel Morayta
• Rev. Vicente Garcia
• he blasted the arguments of Father Rodriguez as follows:
1. Rizal cannot be an “ignorant man”
2. Rizal does not attack the Church and
Spain
3. Father Rodriguez said that those who
read the Noli commit a mortal sin; since
he(Rodriguez) had read the novel,
therefore he also commits a mirtal sin.
• June 13, 1887 - the price per copy was five pesetas(or
 RIZAL AND TAVIEL de ANDRADE
• Rizal’s happy days in Calamba was ruined
because:
Olympia died
the groundless tales circulated by his
enemies that he was a:
1. German spy
2. an agent of Bismark
3. a Protestant
 FAREWELL TO CALAMBA
• Rizal’s happy days in Calamba was ruined
because:
Olympia died
the groundless tales circulated by his
enemies that he was a:
1. German spy
2. an agent of Bismark
3. a Protestant
 FAREWELL TO CALAMBA
• Rizal’s happy days in Calamba was ruined
because:
Olympia died
the groundless tales circulated by his
enemies that he was a:
1. German spy
2. an agent of Bismark
3. a Protestant
• Governor Genaral Terrero was giving Rizal
a chance to escape the fury of
the friar’s wrath.

• He was compelled to leave for

two reasons:
- His presence in Calamba was jeopardizing
the safety of his family and friends He could
fight better his enemies and serve
- His countrys cause with greater efficacy by
•Hewriting
wrote in foreigndedicated
a poem countriesto the industrious
folks of Lipa. “Himno Al Trabajo” (Hymn to Labor)
Rizal in Hong Kong,
Japan
and US
 Hongkong (February 3, 1888)
 He did not get off his ship when it made brief stopover at Amoy on
February 7.
 “At last I can write freely. At last I can express my thoughts without
fear of censorship from the chief! They forced me to leave my
country. Half sick I left the house.”
 Victoria Hotel – he was welcomed by the Filipino residents, including
Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio and Manuel Yriarte
 Jose Sainz de Varanda
 “Hongkong is a small, but very clean city.”
 Visit to Macao (February 18, 1888) – accompanied by Basa

 Don Juan Francisco Lecaros – Rizal and Basa stayed at his home
while in Macau.
 February 20, 1888 – returned to Hong Kong

 During his two-week visit in Hong KongRizal studied Chinese life,

language, drama and customs.
 Departure from Hong Kong (February 22, 1888)
• He registered at the Grand Hotel., then the next day, he
Japan (February 28, 1888)
took a room at Tokyo Hotel.

• Juan Perez Caballero – secretary of the Spanish Legation

who visited Rizal at the hotel.

• Rizal was favorably impressed by Japan.

• Seiko Usui (O-Sei-San)

• Sayonara, Japan – Rizal left Japan with a heavy heart.

• Voyage Across the Pacific

• Techo Suehiro, a fighting Japanese journalist, novelist,

and champion of human rights

 US (1888)
 Arrival in San Francisco (April 28, 1888)
- all passengers were not allowed to land.

 Rizal registered at the Palace Hotel, which was then considered a

first-class hotel in the city.
 Leland Stanford, the founder and benefactor of the Stanford
University was then a senator representing California.
 Grover Cleveland
 Across the American Continent. On May 6, 1888- Sunday, 4:30 p.m.
– Rizal left San Francisco for Oakland, nine miles across San
Francisco Bay, by ferry boat.
 Rizal in New York.

-He stayed three days in this city, which he called the

“big town”.

-He was awed and inspired by the memorial to George

Washington.

 On May 16, 1888, he left New York for Liverpool on board

the City of Rome.

 Great Eastern – second largest ship in the world

 Rizal had good and bad impressions of the United States.