Transient Heat Conduction

1D Semi-infinite, 2D & 3D analysis

partial review
Chapters 11.6 & 11.7

Examples 11-8, 11.9

One-dimensional Transient Heat Conduction-Plane
wall

L is half width of the wall!

Plane Wall One-dimensional Transient Heat Conduction:
Using Non-dimensional Temperature, Space & Time

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Non-dimensional temperature: We will use
non-
Non-dimensional space: dimensional
variables also
Non-dimensional space (Fourier number): for other cases

Boundary Conditions

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One term transient 1D solutions within 98% accuracy
Non-dimensional temperature Heat Transfer (until time t)

r0 is radius

• Heisler charts: Fig. 11.7 (wall); Fig. 11.8 (cylinder);

Fig. 11.9 (sphere)
• For sudden change in surface T use Bi=
IC: Uniform temperature throughout the body and fluid
BC1: Instantaneous application of heat transfer coefficient and step change in fluid temperature
BC2: Symmetry (heat flux=0) at symmetry axis (wall, cylinder) or center point (sphere)
Values for constants C1 & l1
Values for constants C1 & l1 - continued

Sudden change in
surface T
Values for Bessel Functions J0 & J1
Example 11.7 (from L20)
Transient 1D Heat Conduction in Semi-infinite Solids
Step change in surface Step change in surface heat flux Step change in surface
temperature from Ti to Tf from 0 to q0’’ convection from 0 to h

• Common Equation:

1 2 3
• Common initial condition:

• 3 types of boundary
conditions:

1 2 3
Transient 1D HC Semi-infinite Solids - Solutions
• Step change in surface temperature from Ti to Tf

1
• Step change in surface heat flux from 0 to q0’’

2
• Step change in surface convection from 0 to h
Erfc values are tabulated in
Table 11.4
3
Values for Gaussian complementary error function
Example 11.8 – (Hw based on it)
Example 11.8 - Solution
• After how long surface reaches 275 °C?
• Convection on one side only.
• Assume semi-infinite conduction with step
change in surface convection from 0 to h 3

Solve for t

t= 34.5s
Example 11-8: Hw
• Plot T(x, 34.5s) and verify if Tignition-pine is achieved at
ignition time (tign-pine=34.5s).
• Is the semi-infinite solid assumption correct?
• Plot and compare the spatial distribution T (x, t) for
t= tign-pine, t=0.75*tign-pine & t=0.5*tign-pine.
• What is tign-poly the ignition time for polystyrene
(extruded R12) which has Tign-poly=490°C.
• Plot and compare on same graph T (x, t)/Tign for t=
tign, t=0.75*tign & t=0.5*tign for pine and polysterene.
Solving multidimensional transient conduction using
1D solutions – Infinite rectangular bar

(x1,x2,t)=
X1

X2

X2
X1

L2 L2
L1 L1
Multidimensional transient conduction using 1D
solutions – Semi-infinite rectangular bar
(x1,x2,x3,t)=

X3
X1
X2

X2
X1

X3 L2 L2
L1 L1
Multidimensional transient conduction using 1D
solutions – Rectangular parallelipiped
(x1,x2,x3,t)= X3

X2
X1

X2

X1 L2 L 2
X3 L3
L1 L1
L3
Multidimensional transient conduction using 1D
solutions – Semi-infinite plate X2

(x1,x2,t)=

X1

X1

X2
L L
Multidimensional transient conduction using 1D
solutions – Semi-infinite cylinder
X

(r,x,t)=
r
X
Multidimensional transient conduction using 1D
solutions – Short cylinder
X

r
r

(r,x,t)= X L

L
Total Heat Transfer – for 2D and 3D using 1D solutions
If using 2 1D solutions

If using 3 1D solutions
Example 11-9
Example 11-9 Finding the center temperature
• Plane wall solution calculations:

Evaluate at x=0, t=900s

Example 11-9 Finding the center temperature
• Infinite cylinder calculations

Evaluate at r=0, t=900s

Example 11-9 Finding the center temperature

• Assembling the center temperature solution

Example 11-9 – Finding the edge temperature
• Plane wall

• Infinite cylinder

• Edge temperature solution

Example 11-9 – Finding the Heat transfer
• One short cylinder
• Plane wall

• Infinite cylinder

• Heat transfer one short cylinder and rate for 100 per minute