DESIGNING AND DRAFTING OF

SPECIFICATION OF 02
SPECIAL FIRE APPLIANCES

Prepared by

A. K. Singh
Inspector/Fire
17th PPC, Insp/F TO AC/F
 GOAL
To make participants aware of
Designing and Drafting of
Specification of Special Fire
appliances.
OBJECTIVES
On completion of session the participants will
be familiar with Designing and Drafting of
Specification of following 02 Special Fire
appliances:

 DCP tender
 Crash Fire Tender
Types of Special Appliances
 DCP Tender
 Crash Fire Tender
 Emergency Rescue Tender
 HAZMAT Vehicle
 Foam Nurser
 Hydraulic Platform
 Aerial Ladder
 Mobile Control Van
DCP TENDER (IS:10993-1984)
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS: -
 GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT: The gross vehicle mass, including
crew, dry powder and equipment, shall be not less than
8500 Kg.

 MAXIMUM SPEED: The maximum speed of the appliance on

level road, when fully laden, shall be 72 Km/h.

 ACCELERATION: When fully laden, shall be 63 Km/h in 55

second.

 GRADIENT: The appliance shall be capable of being started

from rest on a gradient of 1 in 4.

 BREAKE EFFICIENCY: When traveling at 48 Km/h on a level

dry surface the foot brake shall be capable of stopping the
vehicle with in a distance of 15 m from the point at which
the brake is applied.
The appliance shall have the following overall
dimensions:-

Wheel base - Not more than 4500 mm

(4.5m)
Turning circle - Not more than 20 m

Road Clearance - Not less than 230 mm

(23cm)

Overall width - Not more than 2500 mm

(2.5 m)

The appliance shall be fitted with a towing arrangement

at the rear of adequate strength to carry 1-tone trailer.
DRAWING OF DCP TENDER
MATERIAL SELECTION AND TREATMENT:
-

 Material to be used in construction should

be lightness with strength and durability.
 The appliance intended to use in tropical

condition. All part exposed to atmosphere

having corrosion resistance material
treatment.
 Ferrous metal shall not be used for
chromium plated fittings, and the plating of
all such fittings hall be of extra heavy
quality.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION: -

 Engine : Engine shall be of compression

ignition type, suitable gauges for indicating
temperature for water, oil pressure should
be provided.

 Electrical System - A trickle type battery

charger shall be provided for recharging the
battery in situ. A red pilot lamp, indicating
when the batteries are being charged from
an external supply, shall be provided
DRY POWER FIRE EXTINGUISHING
EQUIPMENT
 A quantity of 2000 Kg DCP, foam compatible
type confirming to IS-4308 shall be store
either in single or tow vessels. Vessels shall
be provided filling hole with cover, drain
plug, safety valve, pressure gauge, isolation
valve, discharge valve at suitable location.
 Arrangement shall be provided expel DCP,
through the monitor or two hose reel or both
at a time. In case of tow vessels are in use
common manifold shall be provided for
discharge S
Contd…
 shall be provided for 2 person on a platform at the
rear of the appliance.
 Sufficient number of lockers for the stowage of the
equipment tools,
 and other items shall be provided. The lockers shall
be fitted with
 waterproof lining. All lockers shall be provided with
internal automatic
 on-off lighting system with a master switch in the
cab
 . A battery operated public
 address system, with amplifier and microphone in the
cab, shall be provided.
CONTI…….,………….
 Long-range monitor shall be provided having
discharge 15, 25 and 40 Kg/Sec at operating
pressure. The throw of the monitor shall be
not less than 40mtr in horizontal and 30 mtr in
vertical in still air.
 Discharge rate of hose reel shall be not less
than 5 Kg/sec and throw shall be not less than
10 mtr horizontal and 8 mtr vertical.
 Total discharge of powder shall be not less
than 90% of its total content. Efficient means
shall be provided for flushing the monitor and
hose reel.
EXPELLENT GAS :-

 System shall have Nitrogen gas in the

cylinder of capacity not less than 50 Ltr,
filled at 200 kgf\cm2. Sufficient gas
cylinder should be provided to discharge
2000Kg dry powder. Sufficient amount of
expellant gas shall be available in cylinder
to flush the monitor, hose reel and
manifold.
 Both monitor and hose reel should be

capable to operate at 14 kgf/cm2.

 BODY WORK

The body shall provide enclosed accommodation for

two persons including the driver. Both the seats will
be independent. The cabin shall have two doors,
one on either side.The doors shall be hinged in
front, opening outwards and shall have double-catch
striking place. In addition to the enclosed
accommodation, riding position
CONTROL PANEL: -

 Adequately illuminated control panel shall be

provided at easily accessible position to
operate the dry powder system. All
control/items of equipment shall be clearly
marked of identified by fixing suitable labels
to facilitate easy operation.
CONTI……………………
 The control panel shall include the following: -
 Pressure gauge for expellant gas cylinders;
 Pressure gauge to indicate operating pressure;
 Operating levers for:

◦ Expellant gas valve,

◦ Monitor valve,
◦ Valves for hose-reels,
◦ Pressure release valve,
◦ Flushing valve for monitor, and
 Flushing valves for hose-reels;
STABILITY: -

 The stability of the appliance shall be such

that when under fully equipped and loaded
conditions, excluding the crew, if the surface
on which the appliance stands is tilted to
either side, the point at which overturning
occurs is not passed at an angle of 25 Degree
from the horizontal.
WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH:-

 All parts of the appliance shall be of good

workmanship and shall have streamlined
finish
 All metallic surfaces coming in contact with
the dry power shall be suitably treated
against corrosion.
 The appliance shall be painted fire-red to
Shade No. 536 of IS:5-1978. The paint shall
conform to IS:2932-1974.
 CRASH FIRE TENDER
(IS:951-2003)
Introduction:
The “Crash Fire Tender” is latest and highly
technolized tender in fire service which is mostly
used at airport. This tender is also used for
firefighting when it is in running condition. The
primary extinguishing media which is used in this
tender is foam & other supplementary media is DCP
& Halon Substitute.
General requirement
      water capacity –

Class I - Up to 4500 ltr

Class II - 4501 to 6500 ltr
Class III - 6501 to 9000 ltr
Class IV - 9001ltr and above.
 Foam capacity not less than 500 ltr.
 Primary extinguishing agent foam (AFFF or
Protein based)
 3 to 6 % foam concentrate
 Complementary extinguishing agent of a DCP &
suitable halon substitute
 Pump mid ship mounted
 A minimum output of 4000 Ltr/min at a delivery
pressure 8.5 kg/cm2 and suction lift 1.5mtr
The pump shall also be capable of minimum
output through monitor 3000 ltr/m at 12.5
kg/cm2
         
 Monitor mounted on the roof of cabin and two
hands lines on either side.
 Foam minimum output 500 ltr to each hand lines
on either side.
 Effective thorough 25 m at 8.5 kg/cm using 30
2
mts length of hose.
 The monitor and two hand lines simultaneously at
pump delivery pressure at 8.5 kg/cm2.
 Foam induction shall be automatic with changes
in Output required through a combination of
monitor and hand lines.
 Round the pump proportioner
 The ratio of foam compound induction shall be
within variation  0.5% with an induction setting
variation 3,6,8%.
 Foam production from monitor and hand lines

shall be designed as to produce satisfactory

quantity of foam minimum expansion ratio 8
 25% drainage time in 2.5 min minimum (protein

foam)
 25% drainage time with AFFF in 3 min minimum
 Prolonged use- separate source of water , foam

supply through a pick up tube from drums at

ground level.
5 Nos self defense foam nozzle for self protection
particularly of the wheels tyres.
 Angle of front nozzle shall be adjusted.
 Pressure 6kg upto 12.5 kg/cm2.
 Water tank, foam tank , monitor and self defense

nozzle pneumatically controlled ball valve.

 Operation and control foam within the cabin.
 Minimum air pressure required for the operating

vehicle is available all the time.

 Any leakage in the pneumatic control system the

vehicle operation shall not be adversely affected

MATERIAL:-
 Used for construction, new, unused, free from all

defects.
 Rubber avoided.
 Timber not used in body construction.
 All metal pipe shall be stainless steel.
 All metal parts shall be either of corrosion resisting

material or treated suitable to resist corrosion.

WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS
Dimension and other Performance:-
Acceleration for class I, 80km/hr in 25 sec & class
II & above 80 km/hr in 40 sec
 Max speed – 100km/hr
 Minimum angle of approach /Departure -30
 Side slope – 20%
 Gradibility- 50%
 Stability- 30/28/26/24 (min)
 Turning circle radius – less than 3 length of ACFT
 Steering pad circle – 30 m radius at 30 km/hr
 Breaking efficiency 10.7 m at 32 km/hr with full
load 40 mtr at 60 km/hr class I-III, 50m for class
IV
 Pump capacity – 4000 l/min (minimum.) 8.5
kg/cm2
 Steering – Right hand drive preferably
 Drive on all wheels    
 Able to see 15 above the horizontal without
leaving seat
 Adjustable rear view mirror with a glass area of
not less than 385 cm2 shall be provided on each
side of the vehicles.
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
Chassis – all wheels drive for good mobility
 Engine – engine shall be HSD driven
 Fully laden vehicle shall be able to max speed as

specified
 Normal operating temp varying from +4c to 50c

and at elevation up to 600m above mean sea level

 Engine shall meet pollution norms declared by the

government of India
FUEL SYSTEM: - Fuel pump , fuel filtration and
flexible fuel lines well protected from damage
exhaust heat and ground fire.
Fuel tank capacity not less than 150ltr or for min. 5
hrs continuous operation.
VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
The vehicle shall be provided with one of the
following systems
 12V electrical & starting
 24V electrical & starting
 12V electrical & 24V starting
 Electrical System built in battery charger.
 Electrical system insulated for water proof
and protected.
SUSPENSION:-
 Wheel motion 350mm above ground
obstacles without raising other wheels
from the ground.
TOWING CONNECTION:- Two front Two
rear.
CABIN:- Seating 5 persons I/c Driver.
BODY
The body shall be constructed of materials that
provide the lightest weight consistent with the
strength necessary for off pavement operation over
tough terrain and when exposed to excess heat.
 Suitable lighted compartment shall be provided for
storage of equipment and tools to be carried on the
vehicles compartment shall be water tight and self
draining.
FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS
Foam concentrate used as primary extinguishing
agent and dry power or suitable halon substitute as
complimentary agent.
The DCP shall be foam compatible
 Foam system , proportioning type system, separate

tank for foam

 All component of foam system including liquid tank

mode of stainless steel

PUMP
 Bronze/Gunmetal made – single or
multiple centrifugal type

 Monitor & sideline – 4000 ltr 8.5 kg/cm2

 Pump mid ship mounted

FOAM TANK
 Not less than 500 Ltr.
 Made of stainless steel.
 Not less than 2.5 mm in thickness all

round.
 Base 3 mm in thickness all welded.
 Manhole of the tank 450 mm clearly

marked foam.
FOAM MONITOR
 Monitor capable of traversing 270 horizontally
and elevating not less than 45from horizontal
axis and depression of 15
 Discharge rate- 3000 l/min expansion ratio- 1: (8-
12)
 Range of throw – straight stream at 45 elevation
not less than 60m, disbused stream at 15
depression
o        Far point – 18m
o        Near point – 12m
o        Width – 6m
PRIMER:-

Primer shall be provided along with pump which

shall have automatic engagement / disengagement
provision

Primer shall be capable of primary a suction

column with 7m lift in less than 30 sec with
indicator
DRY CHEMICAL POWDER:-

One unit of 125 kg each DCP foam compatible

shall be provided using dry nitrogen as propellant
gas minimum 8 m throw and a discharge rate of 1.5
kg/sec.
-         
Nitrogen cylinder shall be certified from
department of explosive
OTHER EQUIPMENT-

Public announcement equipment battery

operated, microphone fitted in the cab, loud speaker

fitted on the roof top of cabin capable of bearing

rotated from cabin

THANK YOU