Door & Window

Doors

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Doors
• A door is a solid barrier that is fixed in an opening in a wall to hinge,
pivot or slide open (or to close).
• The door opening, doorway, allows access and egress from buildings
and between rooms, compartments and corridors.
• It’s function is to give access to the inside of a room of a building.

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Functional requirements

• The primary function of a door when open is to allow:

• Safe means of access and egress
• The functional requirements of a door, when closed, are:
• Security, prevention of unauthorized entry
• Privacy
• Strength and stability
• Resistance to weather
• Durability and freedom from maintenance
• Fire safety
• Resistance to the passage of heat
• Resistance to the passage of sound
• Airtightness
• Aesthetics
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Door types

Types of door depending Types doors:

upon: 1. Battened and Ledged Door
1. Type of material used 2. Battened Ledged and
Braced Doors
2. Arrangement of
different components 3. Battened, Ledged and
Framed Doors
of door
4. Battened, Ledged, Braced
3. Method of construction and Framed Doors
4. Nature of working 5. Framed and Paneled Doors.
operation 6. Glazed or Sash Doors:
7. Flush- Doors
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Cont’d

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Cont’d

Doors for residential building: • Public buildings:

1. External door • 1.2m x2m(schools)
• 1.2m x 2.1m (hospitals)
• (1.0m x 2m) to (1.1m to 2m) • 1.2m x 2.25m
2. Internal door (libraries)
• (0.9m x 2m) to (1m x2m)
3. Doors for bathrooms and water
closets
• (0.7m x 2m) to (0.8m x 2m)
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Windows
• A window is an opening formed in a wall or roof to admit daylight
through some transparent or translucent material.

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 Functional requirements

• The primary function of a window is to:

• Admit daylight and provide an external view
• Additional performance requirements include:
• Safety
• Strength and stability
• Resistance to weather – resist water penetration and drafts
• Provision of ventilation,
• Durability and freedom from maintenance
• Fire safety – may also act as fire escape
• Thermal
• Airtight when closed
• Control of daylight (allow light but prevent glare)
• Admit or control of solar gain – control heat gain – solar radiation
• Acoustics – resistance to the passage of sound
• Security
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• Aesthetics 10
Factor depend on selection of size, shape, location
of window following

1. Size of the room

2. Location of the room
3. Utility of the room
4. Direction of the wall
5. Direction of wind
6. Climatic conditions such as humidity, temperature etc
7. Requirements of exterior view
8. Architectural treatment to the exterior of the building

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Windows are classified based on:

• Nature of operational movements of shutters

• Materials used for construction
• Manner of fixing and location

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Types of window

1. Fixed windows 10. Clerestory windows

2. Pivoted windows 11. Corner windows
3. Double hung windows 12. Dormer windows
4. Sliding windows 13. Gable Window
5. Casement windows 14. Lantern windows
6. Sash windows 15. Sky-lights
7. Louvered windows 16. Ventilators
8. Metal windows and ventilators
9. Bay windows

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