Pipe Networks using HARDY CROSS

Method
 ∑HL at any closed looop must be zero.
 Qin = Qout → also Q = Qassumed + α
where: α = correction = -∑KQan / n∑KQan-1
also:
K = .0826fL / D5 = Darcy's Formula
K = 10.69n2L / D16/3 = Manning's Formula
K = 10.67L / C1.85 D4.87 = Hazel Williams' Formula
• Note: α is positive if clockwise
α is negative if counter clockwise
Example:

Water enters at A at 1.2 m /s and flows

3

out at C at 0.8 m3/s and at E at 0.4 m3/s

,
 Lines K Q(assume) KQ KQ2 Qcorr
AB 148,680 0.7 104,076 72,853.20
BC 64,959 0.5 32,479.50 16,239.75
AE 417,691 0.5 208,845.50 104,422.75
ED 4,646 0.10 464.60 46.46
BD 9,059 0.20 1,811.80 362.36
DC 32,632 0.30 9,789.60 2,936.88

a)Compute the corrected flow at AB.

b)Compute the corrected flow at BD.
c)Compute the corrected flow at DC.
 Lines K Q(assume) KQ KQ2 Qcorr
AB 148,680 0.70 104,076 72,853.20
BC 64,959 0.50 32,479.50 16,239.75
AE 417,691 0.50 208,845.50 104,422.75
ED 4,646 0.10 464.60 46.46
BD 9,059 0.20 1,811.80 362.36
DC 32,632 0.30 9,789.60 2,936.88

for loop ABDE:

- 1  KQ2
S
2 KQ

 1(72,853.20  362.36  46.46  104,422.75)

S
2(104,076  1811 .80  464.60  208,845.50)

S=0.05 m3/s
 Lines K Q(assume) KQ KQ2 Qcorr
AB 148,680 0.70 104,076 72,853.20
BC 64,959 0.50 32,479.50 16,239.75
AE 417,691 0.50 208,845.50 104,422.75
ED 4,646 0.10 464.60 46.46
BD 9,059 0.20 1,811.80 362.36
DC 32,632 0.30 9,789.60 2,936.88

for loop BCD:

- 1  KQ2
S
2 KQ

 1(16,239.75  2,936.88  362.36)

S
2(32,479.50  9,789.60  1,811 .80)

S=-0.15 m3/s
 Lines K Q(assume) KQ KQ2 Qcorr
AB 148,680 0.70 104,076 72,853.20 0.70+0.05=0.75
BC 64,959 0.50 32,479.50 16,239.75 0.5-0.15=0.35
AE 417,691 0.50 208,845.50 104,422.75 0.5-0.05=0.45
ED 4,646 0.10 464.60 46.46 0.1-0.05=0.05
BD 9,059 0.20 1,811.80 362.36 0.2+0.05+0.15=
0.4
DC 32,632 0.30 9,789.60 2,936.88 0.3+0.15=0.45

a. Corrected flow for AB: for checking:

AB= 0.70+0.05= 0.75 m3/s
b. Corrected flow for BD:
BD= 0.2+0.05+0.15= 0.45 m3/s
c. Corrected flow for DC:
DC= 0.30+0.15= 0.45 m3/s
corrected flow for (AB + AE) = 1.2
0.75 + 0.45 = 1.2
corrected flow for (AE - ED) = 0.4
0.45 - 0.05 = 0.4
corrected flow for (BC + DC) = 0.8
0.5 + 0.3 = 0.8