The Basics of Computer Networking

David Phenix
Computing in the Modern World
1st Period
 The Computer Network

What is a Computer Network

net·work: [net-wurk] – noun, a system containing any

combination of computers, computer terminals, printers,
audio or visual display devices, or telephones
interconnected by telecommunication equipment or
cables: used to transmit or receive information.
 Navigation Links
Network Diagram – Basic Layout and map of a traditional computer network.
Network Types – Computer networks vary in shape and size depending on usage.
- WAN
- LAN
- Peer to Peer
Fiber Optic Cable – One of the Latest innovations in network cabling.
Switches and Hubs – The central device within a network that transmit data.
Servers – The central storage device for the names and locations of various data.
- IP Addresses
Topologies – The layouts of various network designs.
- Star
- Bus
- Ring
Firewalls – The network software that keeps destructive forces from a network.
Routers – The device that let messages flow between networks .
Wireless Networks - Allows computers to be moved without wires or cables.
The Internet – The world’s largest network.
References
 The Network Diagram
(Click on the Words Below and Learn More About Each Component)

The Internet
Wired Network PC Firewall

Fiber Optic Network Cable

Router
Switch

Server Other LANS

Wireless Network
 The Three Types of Networks
Navigation
Network Diagram
Network Types
- WAN
- LAN
- Peer to Peer
Fiber Optic Cable
Switches and Hubs
Servers
- IP Addresses WIDE AREA LOCAL AREA
Topologies
- Star
- Bus
- Ring
Firewalls
Routers
Wireless Networks
The Internet
References
PEER TO PEER
 Wide Area Network
Navigation
Network Diagram
Network Types
- WAN
- LAN
- Peer to Peer
Fiber Optic Cable
Switches and Hubs
Servers
- IP Addresses
Topologies
- Star • A Wide Area Network exist over a large area
- Bus
- Ring • Data travels through telephone or cable lines
Firewalls • Usually requires a Modem
Routers
Wireless Networks • The world’s largest Wide Area Network in the
The Internet Internet
References
 Local Area Network
Navigation
Network Diagram
Network Types
- WAN
- LAN
- Peer to Peer
Fiber Optic Cable
Switches and Hubs
Servers
- IP Addresses
Topologies • A Local Area Network spans a relatively small
- Star area
- Bus
- Ring • LAN are usually confined to one building or a
Firewalls group of buildings
Routers
Wireless Networks • Data travel between network devices via
The Internet network cables.
References
• The most common type of Local Area Network
is called Ethernet
 Peer to Peer Network
Navigation
Network Diagram
Network Types
- WAN
- LAN
- Peer to Peer
Fiber Optic Cable
Switches and Hubs
Servers
- IP Addresses
Topologies • Usually very small networks
- Star
- Bus • Each workstation has equivalent capabilities
- Ring and responsibilities
Firewalls
Routers
• Does not require a switch or a hub.
Wireless Networks • These types of networks do not perform well
The Internet
under heavy data loads.
References
 Web Servers
Navigation IP Addresses
Network Diagram
Network Types
“IP” stands for Internet Protocol. IP Addresses serve as
- WAN
the location of websites on the Internet as well as the
- LAN
workstations that are connected to the web. IP addresses
- Peer to Peer
are made up of four sets of numbers called “Octets”.
Fiber Optic Cable
There are two types of IP Addresses: Static and
Switches and Hubs
Temporary. Below is a description of both.
Servers
- IP Addresses Static IP Addresses Temporary IP Addresses
Topologies
Static IP addresses are Temporary IP addresses
- Star
found only on servers and are found only on PC’s are
- Bus
remain the same. constantly changing each
- Ring
Firewalls A Domain Name Server time it is logged on.
Routers assigns a “human Temporary IP addresses
Wireless Networks readable” web address to are assigned by an ISP
The Internet each static IP address to (Internet Service Provider)
References make it more user friendly. each time it is logged on to
the Internet.
 Wireless Networks
Navigation
Network Diagram Allows for
Network Types
computers to be
- WAN
- LAN
moved easily
- Peer to Peer without having to
Fiber Optic Cable worry about wires
Switches and Hubs or cables
Servers
- IP Addresses
Topologies Walkie-Talkie Network
- Star • You would equip each computer with basically,
- Bus a walkie-talkie.
- Ring
Firewalls
• You would give each computer a way to set
Routers
Wireless Networks whether it wants to transmit or receive.
The Internet
• A wireless network converts binary signal (0’s
and 1’s) into a radio signal (series of beeps).
 Wireless Networks
Navigation
Network Diagram Allows for
Network Types
computers to be
- WAN
- LAN
moved easily
- Peer to Peer without having to
Fiber Optic Cable CABLE CONNECTION worry about wires
Switches and Hubs or cables
Servers NETWORK
- IP Addresses
Topologies Walkie-Talkie Network
- Star • You would equip each computer with basically,
- Bus a walkie-talkie.
- Ring
Firewalls
• You would give each computer a way to set
Routers
Wireless Networks whether it wants to transmit or receive.
The Internet
• A wireless network converts binary signal (0’s
and 1’s) into a radio signal (series of beeps).
 Wireless Networks
Navigation
Network Diagram Allows for
Network Types
computers to be
- WAN
- LAN
moved easily
- Peer to Peer without having to
Fiber Optic Cable worry about wires
Switches and Hubs or cables
Servers
CROSSOVER ETHERNET CABLE
- IP Addresses
Topologies Walkie-Talkie Network
- Star • You would equip each computer with basically,
- Bus a walkie-talkie.
- Ring
Firewalls
• You would give each computer a way to set
Routers
Wireless Networks whether it wants to transmit or receive.
The Internet
• A wireless network converts binary signal (0’s
and 1’s) into a radio signal (series of beeps).
 Wireless Networks
Navigation
Network Diagram Allows for
Network Types
computers to be
- WAN
- LAN
moved easily
- Peer to Peer without having to
Fiber Optic Cable worry about wires
FILE TRANSFER IN 2 PC unit
Switches and Hubs USING
or cables
Servers
CROSSOVER CABLE
- IP Addresses
Topologies Walkie-Talkie Network
- Star • You would equip each computer with basically,
- Bus a walkie-talkie.
- Ring
Firewalls
• You would give each computer a way to set
Routers
Wireless Networks whether it wants to transmit or receive.
The Internet
• A wireless network converts binary signal (0’s
and 1’s) into a radio signal (series of beeps).
 Wireless Networks
Navigation
Network Diagram Allows for
Network Types
computers to be
- WAN
- LAN
moved easily
- Peer to Peer without having to
Fiber Optic Cable worry about wires
THANK YOU FOR
Switches and Hubs LISTENINGor cables
Servers
AND COOPERATING!
- IP Addresses
Topologies Walkie-Talkie Network
- Star • You would equip each computer with basically,
- Bus a walkie-talkie.
- Ring
Firewalls
• You would give each computer a way to set
Routers
Wireless Networks whether it wants to transmit or receive.
The Internet
• A wireless network converts binary signal (0’s
and 1’s) into a radio signal (series of beeps).