JESUS B. DUCOY JR.

LECTURER
 LTO V I S I O N

THE LTO ENVISIONS A MODEL FRONTLINE

GOVERNMENT AGENCY SHOWCASING EXCELLENT
AND QUALITY PUBLIC SERVICE FOR A PROGRESSIVE
LAND TRANSPORT SECTOR
 LTO M I S S I O N

WE ARE COMMITTED TO WORK TOWARDS THE RATIONALIZATION OF LAND

TRANSPORT SERVICES AND FACILITIES AND IMPLEMENT EFFECTIVELY THE
VARIOUS TRANSPORTATION LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS, IN PARTNERSHIP
WITH OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, THE BUSINESS SECTOR, THE CIVIL
SOCIETY AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS, WE ARE DETERMINED TO:
 PUT ORDER ON THE ROAD
 LICENSE QUALITY DRIVERS
 REGISTER ROADWORTHY AND EMISSION-COMPLIANT MOTOR VEHICLES
 DEFINITION OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

A motor vehicle shall mean any vehicle

propelled by power other than muscular
power, using the public highways, except
road rollers, trolley cars, street sweepers,
sprinklers, lawn mowers, bulldozers,
graders, forklifts, amphibian trucks and
cranes if not used on public highways,
vehicles which run only on rails or tracks,
and tractors, trailers and traction engines
of all kinds used exclusively for agricultural
purposes.
 MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION

Objectives of Registration of Motor Vehicles

Pursuant to Section 5 of Republic Act 4136,

otherwise known as the Land
Transportation and Traffic Code, as
amended, all motor vehicles must be
registered. No motor vehicle shall be used
or operated on or upon any public highway
of the Philippines unless the same is
properly registered for the current year.
 MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION

The registration of a Motor Vehicle is made

compulsory in order to:

1. Establish its identity, classification and ownership

2. Determine its roadworthiness

3. Determine its conformity with the prescribed

minimum and maximum dimensions and weight

4. Impose payment of the required fees and charges

5. Authorize and control its operation on public

highways

6. Establish and maintain its records

 MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION
Basic registration information

Region I - A
II - B
III - C
IV - D
V - E
VI - F
VII - G and Y
VIII - H
IX - J
X - K
XI - L
XII - M
NCR - N,O,P,Q,S,S,U,W,X and Z
 MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION

Motor vehicle registration schedule

Last Digit of Plate Number Middle Digit of Weekly Deadline

(Monthly Schedule) Plate Number (On working days of the month only)

1 - JAN 6 - JUN 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 - FEB 7 - JUL 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
3 - MAR 8 - AUG 7 8 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
4 - APR 9 - SEP 9 0 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
5 - MAY 0 - OCT 29 30 31

Note: Vehicles may be registered one month in advance of

weekly deadline. For Motorcycle plate use the 3rd digit.

Penalties on Late Registration:

Weekly deadline - P200.00
Monthly deadline - 50% of the basic payment
 IMPORTANCE OF A DRIVER’S LICENSE

REPUBLIC ACT 4136 “ LAND TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC CODE”

and “BATASAN PAMBANSA BLG. 398 ”, the law which amended
sections of the said Act…

CHAPTER III, Article I, Section 19.

“Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Act,
NO PERSON shall Operate any Motor Vehicle without first procuring a
license to drive a motor vehicle for the current year, nor while such
license is delinquent, invalid, suspended or revoked.

The license shall be carried by the Driver at all times when operating a
motor vehicle and shall be shown and /or surrendered for a cause and
upon demand to any person with authority under this Act to
confiscate the same.
 3 TYPE OF LICENSES
Professional Driver’s License Non-Professional Driver’s License

Conductor’s License
 permit
Student Permit
 Restriction Codes (RC)
RC 1 - Motorcycles / Motorized Tricycles/E-Bikes
RC 2 - MV up to 4,500 kgs GVW
conventional (manual) and automatic clutch
RC 3 – MV above 4,500 kgs. GVW
conventional (manual) and automatic clutch
RC 4 - MV up to 4,500 kgs GVW only automatic clutch

RC 5 – MV above 4,500 kgs. GVW only automatic clutch

RC 6 - Articulated vehicles below 1,600 kgs. GTW

RC 7 - Articulated vehicles 1,601 up to 4,500 kgs. GTW

RC 8 - Articulated vehicles above 4,500 kgs. GTW

 conditions
A - Wear Corrective Lenses

B - Drive only with customized vehicle

C - Drive only with special equipment for
upper/ lower limbs
D - Daylight driving only
E - With Hearing Aid
 ha t i s
W
DEFENSIVE DRIVING ?
Defensive Driving is a key concept in the
Driving Improvement program. It
represents an approach to the driving
task that, when applied, can lessen the
chances of being involved in a motor
vehicle accident.
 ATTITUDE AWARENESS DRIVING SKILL
KNOWS
KNOWS TRAFFIC
TRAFFIC GOOD
GOOD KNOWLEDGE
KNOWLEDGE
PATIENCE
PATIENCE OF
RULES
RULES &
& OF THE
THE OPERATION
OPERATION
REGULATIONS
REGULATIONS OF
OF THE
THE VEHICLE
VEHICLE
UNDERSTANDS
UNDERSTANDS AND
AND ITS
ITS CONTROLS
CONTROLS
RESPONSIBILITIES
RESPONSIBILITIES
ALERT
ALERT REFLEXES
REFLEXES

SOURCE : A-1 DRIVERS MANUAL

 HABITS AND TECHNIQUES OF A GOOD
DRIVER :
1) He always keeps his vehicle in good condition by :

 Observing regular engine check-up

 Observing change of engine oil
 Monitoring regularly the engines’ under parts
 Monitoring regularly the vehicles electrical system
 Monitoring regularly the wheels’ alignment and
balance.
2) Before starting a trip, checks the BLOWBAAGS of the
vehicle :

 B- Battery
 L- Lights
 O- Oil
 W- Water ( Radiator / Wiper)
 B- Brakes / Brake fluid lines
 A- Air pressure of the tires
 A- Accessories : Tools, EWD,
side/rear view mirrors, seatbelts, etc.
 G - Gas / Fuel
 S - Self
3) He carefully plans his trips and avoids unnecessary trips.

4) He does not drive when under the influence of liquor or

drugs or when he is physically or mentally fit.

5) He does not press down right away the gas pedal upon
starting the engine when the engine had long cooled
down to allow the engine oil to circulate.
 FOLLOWING DISTANCE

•THE SAFETY SPACE INFRONT IS THE EASIEST ONE FOR YOU TO CONTROL.
•YOU CAN ADJUST THE GAP BETWEEN YOURSELF AND THE VEHICLE INFRONT BY
SIMPLY VARYING YOUR SPEED.
 FOLLOWING DISTANCE

AVOID TAILGAITING

 STAYING TOO CLOSE TO A VEHICLE LEAVES NO SPACE TO MANUEVER

 IT LIMITS YOU TO BRAKE WHEN THINGS BEGIN TO STACK UP IN THE LANE
AHEAD.

AT A 20 KPH, MAINTAIN A ONE CAR-LENGTH DISTANCE WHEN FOLLOWING A CAR.

THIS WILL GIVE YOU ADEQUATE SPACE AND TIME TO REACT AND TO STOP SAFELY IF
NECESSARY.
HOW DO WE KNOW THE PROPER AND SAFEST
DISTANCE ???
 FOLLOWING DISTANCE
THE “2-SECONDS” RULE

 A DRIVING PRINCIPLE BY WHICH A DRIVER MAY MAINTAIN A SAFE

FOLLOWING DISTANCE AT 20 kph SPEED.
 SPEED LIMIT
PRESCRIBED RATE OF SPEED (SECTION 35 OF R.A. 4136)
PASSENGER CARS MOTOR TRUCKS
MINIMUM ALLOWABLE SPEED & MOTORCYCLES & BUSES

ON OPEN COUNTRY ROADS WITH NO “BLIND

CORNERS” NOT CLOSELY BORDERED BY
HABITATIONS 80 KM/HOUR 50 KM/HOUR

ON “THROUGH STREETS” OR BOULEVARDS,

CLEAR OF TRAFFIC W/ NO “BLIND CORNERS”
WHEN SO DESIGNATED. 40 KM/HOUR 30 KM/HOUR

ON CITY AND MUNICIPAL STREETS WITH

LIGHT TRAFFIC WHEN NOT DESIGNATED
“THOROUGH STREETS” 30 KM/HOUR 30 KM/HOUR

THROUGH CROWDED STREETS APPROACHING

INTERSECTION AT “BLIND CORNERS” PASSING
SCHOOL ZONES, PASSING OTHER VEHICLES
WHICH ARE STATIONARY OR FOR SIMILAR 20 KM/HOUR 20 KM/HOUR
DANGEROUS CIRCUMSTANCES
PRESCRIBE SPEED RATE SHALL NOT APPLY
TO THE FOLLOWING :
BLIND SPOTS
GRAY
GRAY AREAS
AREAS :: ARE
ARE THE
THE BLIND
BLIND
SPOTS-AREAS
SPOTS-AREAS A A DRIVER
DRIVER CANNOT
CANNOT
SEE.
SEE.

GREEN AREAS : ARE THE CLEAR

SPOTS AREAS A DRIVER COULD SEE.
ROAD MARKINGS
BROKEN WHITE LINE : ON A TWO LANE ROAD
IT SEPARATES TRAFFIC MOVING IN OPPOSITE DIRECTION
 OVERTAKING IS POSSIBLE WHEN THE OTHER LANE IS CLEAR OF ONCOMING TRAFFIC.
BROKEN WHITE LINE : ON A ONE WAY STREET
 IT SEPARATES TRAFFIC MOVING IN ONE DIRECTION
SINGLE YELLOW SOLID LINE:
DO NOT CROSS THE OTHER LANE / DO NOT OVERTAKE

v
SINGLE YELLOW SOLID LINE WITH BROKEN WHITE
LINES :
A SINGLE YELLOW SOLID LINE WITH BROKEN WHITE LINE MEANS THAT
YOU CANNOT OVERTAKE IF THE SOLID YELLOW LINE IS ON YOUR SIDE.

v
SINGLE YELLOW LINE WITH BROKEN WHITE LINE :
A SINGLE YELLOW LINE WITH BROKEN WHITE LINE MEANS THAT YOU CAN OVERTAKE IF
THE BROKEN WHITE LINE IS ON YOUR SIDE. OVERTAKE IF THERE IS NO ONCOMING
VEHICLE.

v
DOUBLE SOLID YELLOW LINE
DOUBLE SOLID YELLOW LINE MEANS “ ABSOLUTELY NO OVERTAKING “ .

OVERTAKING IN BOTH DIRECTIONS IS EXTREMELY DANGEROUS AND HAZARDOUS.

v v
SINGLE YELLOW LINE WITH BROKEN WHITE LINES :
IF YOU OVERTAKE, BE SURE TO RETURN TO YOUR LANE BEFORE THE YELLOW
SOLID LINE
REGULATED
REGULATED AND
AND UNREGULATED
UNREGULATED
TRAFFIC
TRAFFIC INTERSECTION
INTERSECTION

PEDESTRIAN LANE
(CROSSWALK)

•STOP FOR PEDESTRIANS W/

NO TRAFFIC LIGHTS
•DO NOT STOP OR OBSTRUCT
ESPECIALLY ON LOADING
AND
Grant OR Indirect
Road UNLOADINGLeft Turn
PASSENGERS
•PEDESTRIANS MUST CROSS
A STREET ON A CROSSWALK.

CROSS BUCK
•KEEP THIS
SECTION
ALWAYS OPEN.
ROAD RIGHT OF WAY : MAIN (THOROUGH) STREET

MERGING WITH TRAFFIC

WHEN ENTERING A HIGHWAY FROM A DRIVEWAY, YIELD THE RIGHT-OF-WAY TO

TRAFFIC ON THE HIGHWAY. NEVER INSIST ON TAKING THE RIGHT-OF WAY, TO
PREVENT POSSIBLE ACCIDENTS.
 ROAD RIGHT OF WAY

Grant Road Indirect Left Turn

SAME TIME RULE :

INTERSECTIONS
INTERSECTIONS WITHOUT
WITHOUT TRAFFIC
TRAFFIC
LIGHT,
LIGHT, YIELD
YIELD TOTO THE
THE VEHICLE
VEHICLE ON
ON YOUR
YOUR
RIGHT
RIGHT IFIF IT
IT HAS
HAS REACHED
REACHED THE
THE
INTERSECTION
INTERSECTION AT AT THE
THE SAME
SAME TIME
TIME AS
AS
YOUR
YOUR VEHICLE.
VEHICLE.
PASSING
 OVERTAKING
“THE LAW PLACES THE RESPONSIBILITY ON THE DRIVER OF THE PASSING CAR. IF
THE DRIVER MAKES MISTAKES IN OVERTAKING... THE DRIVER WILL BE HELD
RESPONSIBLE”

3 POINTS
IMPORTANT
TO REMEMBER IN OVERTAKING

1 DON’T SPEED UP WHEN BEING PASSED, CONTINUE AT THE

SAME SPEED OR REDUCE YOUR SPEED.

2 HELP OTHER DRIVERS TO PASS SAFELY. MOVE TO THE RIGHT

SIDE OF YOUR LANE TO GIVE THE OTHER DRIVER MORE
SPACE.

3 SHOW THE PASSING DRIVER THE SAME COURTESY THAT YOU

WOULD EXPECT FROM OTHER DRIVERS.
 WHEN NOT TO OVERTAKE

1
LANE THAT MARK WITH DOUBLE SOLID YELLOW LINE;

2 ON BLIND CURVES WHERE YOU WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO SEE

THE ONCOMING VEHICLES. ALWAYS STAY IN YOUR LANE;

3 ON A UPHILL/DOWNHILL ROAD;

4
AT INTERSECTION OR RAILROAD CROSSINGS WHERE OTHER
VEHICLES OR PEDESTRIANS MAY SUDDENLY APPEAR OR UNLESS
SUCH INTERSECTION IS CONTROLLED BY TRAFFIC SIGNAL;

5 AT A BRIDGE.
INSTANCES WHERE PASSING IS NOT SAFE

1 WHEN THERE IS A LONG LINE OF CARS AHEAD.

2 SOON.
WHEN YOU INTEND TO TURN OR TO STOP VERY

3 WHEN AN ONCOMING CAR IS TOO CLOSE.

WHEN THE CAR AHEAD IS GOING AT OR NEAR THE

4 SPEED LIMIT. SPEED LIMIT IS STILL APPLIED WHEN
PASSING

5 WHEN SIGHT DISTANCE AHEAD IS LIMITED

WHEN PASSING ON THE RIGHT IS PERMITTED

1
WHEN OVERTAKING ANOTHER VEHICLE MAKING OR ABOUT
TO MAKE A LEFT TURN OR SIGNALING INTENT TO MAKE A LEFT
TURN.

2 ON STREETS AND HIGHWAYS MARKED FOR MULTI-LANES.

3 ON ONE-WAY TRAFFIC STREETS.

DOUBLE YELLOW CONTINOUS LINE ON ROAD PROVIDED WITH A PASSING LANE :
COMMON ON MOUNTAIN ROADS
SLOW MOVING VEHICLES SUCH AS BUS & HEAVY TRUCKS SHOULD ALWAYS USE THE
OUTER LANE (1)
LANE (2) IS FOR VEHICLES TO PASS W/O HAVING TO USE LANE (3)
VEHICLES USING LANE (3) SHOULD NOT USE LANE (2)

2
v
v

3
ARE DEVICES PLACED ALONG, BESIDE OR ABOVE A HIGHWAY, ROADWAY,

TRAFFICTO GUIDE, &

SIGNS
PATHWAY OR OTHER ROUTE TOSHAPES
WARN and TO
:
REGULATE THE FLOW OF TRAFFIC , INCLUDING MOTOR VEHICLES,
BICYCLES, and PEDESTRIANS. THESE DEVICES ARE PLACED WHERE SAFETY AND
PROPER REGULATION OF TRAFFIC IS NEEDED.
 REGULATORY SIGNS

These signs require motorists not only to be more attentive as

in caution signs but also requires to ACTUALLY PERFORM
or NOT TO PERFORM a specific act.
Non-compliance could mean that life and Property might be
endangered. They are usually in round shape with red border .
 NO ENTRY NO ENTRY VEHICLE 2M WIDE
DO NOT CROSS NO ENRY FOR TRUCK

VEHICLE HEIGHT LIMIT NO LEFT TURN NO RIGHT TURN VEHICLE WEIGHT LIMIT
 DIRECTIONAL SIGNS
These signs are modified signs, which actually gives DIRECTIONAL
INSTRUCTION for the motorist to take. They are presented in different
shape and printed in white character on blue background

GO THIS WAY DIRECTION RIGHT TAKE THIS LANE PASS EITHER SIDE

EXIT TOLL

SUSANA HTS. 2 KMS.

BUTUAN DVO. CITY

KAPALONG SAN PEDRO 3 KMS.

 WARNING SIGNS
They also convey the fact that if these precautions are not
taken for consideration, life and property might be
endangered. These signs are usually triangular in shape and
have red colored border.

NARROW ROAD AHEAD TWO WAY TRAFFIC AHEAD TRAFFIC SIGNALS AHEAD UNDERCONSTRUCTION
 WARNING SIGNS

INTERSECTION AHEAD LEFT CURVE AHEAD

SLIPPERY ROAD AHEAD

PED Xing ahead

RIGHT CURVE AHEAD
 WARNING SIGNS

STEEP ASCEND AHEAD FALLING ROCKS AHEAD

ANIMALS CROSSING AHEAD

DOUBLE LEFT CURVE DOUBLE RIGHT CURVE

AHEAD STEEP DESCEND AHEAD
AHEAD
 3. INFORMATIVE SIGNS
These sign are designed to provide drivers the information about the proper route to
a town or city, the distance to a certain place, whether a road is open or not, the
capacity in tons a bridge can carry, etc.

HOSPITAL RESTAURANT / REFRESHMENTS GAS STATION

REPAIR FACILITY BUS STOP ACCESS DISABLED

PERSONS
 RED
STOP
YELLOW
READY
THE TRAFFIC LIGHT

GREEN
GO
 THE TRAFFIC LIGHT

RED
STOP
Also known as STOPLIGHTS, TRAFFIC
LAMPS, SIGNAL LIGHTS. Are signalling
devices positioned at road intersections,
pedestrian crossings and other locations to
control competing flows of traffic.

YELLOW
READY
Invented by Police Officer William L. Potts
of Detroit, Michigan in 1920 but were first
installed in 1868 in London England using
burning lamps.

GREEN
GO
Used in almost every city in the world.
Traffic lights are alternate the RIGHT OF
WAY accorded to road users.
RED
MEANS THAT THE DRIVER FACING
THE LIGHT SHOULD MAKE A
COMPLETE / FULL STOP . THE
OTHER ROAD USERS WILL BE GIVEN
ACCESS TO THE INTERSECTION.

BRING MOTOR VEHICLE TO STOP

BEFORE THE CLEARLY MARKED
LINE, CROSSWALK OR
INTERSECTION.
YELLOW OR AMBER

WARNS PEDESTRIANS NOT TO CROSS

THE STREET, SINCE IN A SHORT TIME THE
LIGHT WILL TURN RED/GREEN.

DRIVERS SHOULD SLOW DOWN BEFORE

THE INTERSECTION. PROCEED IF IT IS
SAFE TO DO SO.
GREEN means GO

but only when the

intersection is CLEAR.
FLASHING RED :
BRING MOTOR VEHICLE TO
A COMPLETE STOP AND
PROCEED WHEN IT IS SAFE TO
DO SO
FLASHING YELLOW / AMBER :

SLOW DOWN AND PROCEED WITH

CAUTION.

YIELD THE RIGHT OF WAY TO

VEHICLES ALREADY CROSSING THE
INTERSECTION
FLASHING GREEN:

PROCEED THROUGH THE

INTERSECTION WHEN THE WAY IS
CLEAR
 Thank You
and Advance
Merry Christmas...