ASSEMBLY

INTRODUCTION:

Electronics is very diverse field, and while some technicians/engineers work across multiple
aspects of electronics, specialization is increasing in areas including the assembly and wiring of
electronic products; the designing of prototype circuits; the installation and commissioning of
equipment including customer support; service and maintenance; monitoring and testing sub-
assemblies or systems; and approving fit-for-purpose and simulating outcomes. They will need to
work with a wide range of both hand and computer tools, and should be capable of explaining
elements of complex electronics principles to clients.
Specialists find opportunity in a wide variety of industries including aerospace/aeronautics, robotics,
media and entertainment, hospitals and research labs, power, transport, security, manufacturing,
and the military.
Whatever the industry, given constant and rapid developments in technology, the electronics
technician/engineer needs to be proactive in ensuring that their skills and knowledge are up-to-date
and meet industry standards and expectations

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

Automatic Switch Outdoor Building Lightings

Background of the project

Automatic Outdoor Building Lightings are used for turning ON and OFF the lamp automatically
without the need of human interventions. It senses the light intensity from surroundings and finds
whether it’s day or night. And it automatically turns ON when the surrounding is dark and it turns
OFF when it receives light from surroundings. A sensor called LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is
used to detect the light intensity. This project finds wide outdoor applications in buildings, streets,
gardens, parks and public places where it finds difficulty to assign a person to operate the lights.
Using this lighting system eliminates power wastage prolongs life span of bulbs.

This requires four basic circuits i.e. Sensor (LDR), Power Supply, Switching and Load. During
day time there is no need of lightings so the LDR keeps the lights off until the light level is low or the
frequency of light is low that turns the resistance of LDR high. This prevents current from flowing to
the base of the switching transistor. Thus the lightings do not glow. As soon as the light intensity
goes high or if light flowing on the device is of high enough frequency, photons absorbed by the
semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into conduction state. The resulting
free electron (and its hole pair) conduct electricity, thereby lowering resistance.

Detailed Description of the Test Project

The test project to be designed and constructed is an Automatic Outdoor Building Lightings are
used for turning ON and OFF the lamp automatically without the need of human interventions. It’s
maximum power load is 500 watts having 3 ready installed Female Plug to serve as output terminal
for connection to the load bulb. Load units can be an incandescent or LED bulb.LDR as sensor will
be pre- installed at the top of the miniature building by the working committee with an RCA jack
mounted ready for connection to the Test Project.
 COMPETITION GUIDELINES:

 The competition is open to all interested individuals who are equipped with necessary
knowledge, skills and attitudes in electronics regardless of educational attainment.
 Tables with convenience outlets for 220 VAC shall be provided by the competition’s working
committee.
 Project Design is all about Automatic Outdoor Lighting System that automatically turns ON at
night and turns OFF during day time.
 The Design of the project may vary in terms of its component values and/or parts for as long
as it automatically turns ON at night and Turns OFF on day time.

SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS:

Assembling an Automatic Switch Outdoor Building Lightings (time limit: 1.5 hrs, 1st day)

 Before starting to assemble in an appropriate casing or chassis the Test Project,

competitors are reminded to arrange properly the needed equipment, instruments, hand
tools, supplies and materials to be used.

Installing in a Miniature building (time limit: 1 hr, 1st day)

 Competitors will prepare an appropriate cable, 3 sets at 2 meters each with Male AC Plug at
both ends to fit with the Female Plug mounted in the chassis of the assembled project and
another Female Plug installed in a miniature building.

 A miniature building will be prepared by the working committee with a ready installed 3 units
bulb as load. 3 Female plugs as the input terminal from the Test Project to the load bulbs
are pre- installed.