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CARBON
COMPOUND
SEBATIAN KARBON
Carbon compound
Sebatian karbon
• Non-metallic element in group 14 (periodic table)
Elemen bukan logam dalam kumpulan 14 (Jadual Berkala
• Found as a free element or compounds
dijumpai sebagai elemen atau sebatian bebas
– Ex:
• Diamond : hardest form of carbon
Berlian : karbon paling keras
• Graphite : used in pensil
Grafit : digunakan dalam pensel
• Def: Compound which contain carbon
Def: sebatian yang mengandungi unsur
karbon
• Type of carbon compounds
Jenis sebatian karbon
–Organic carbon compounds
Sebatian karbon organik
–Inorganic carbon compound
Sebatian karbon inorganik
Organic carbon compound
Sebatian karbon organik
• Derived from plants and animals
Daripada tumbuhan dan haiwan
• Contain carbon and hydrogen along with
other elements
Mengandungi karbon dan hidrogen
bersama dengan elemen lain
• Low melting points and boiling points
Takat lebur dan takat didih yang rendah
• Do not conduct electric current
Tidak mengkonduksikan elektrik
• Dissolve in organic solvent
(alcohol, petrol, ether and chloroform)
Larut dalam pelarut organik
(alkohol, petrol. Eter dan klorofom)
• Do not dissolve in inorganic solvents
(water,acid and alkali)
Tidak larut dalam pelarut
inorganik(water, asid dan alkali)
• Contoh:
– Kayu
– Kanji/karbohidrat
– Detergent/sabun cuci
– Kapas
– Plastik
– Cat
– Ubat-ubatan
Inorganic carbon compounds
Sebatian karbon inorganik
Similarity
Persamaan
Hydro carbon
Def :Carbon compound that contain only
carbon and hydrogen atoms
Sebatian karbon yang hanya mengandungi
karbon dan hidrogen sahaja.
Main sources:
Petroleum Petroleum
coal Arang batu
natural gas Gas asli
• Petroleum
- obtain as crude oil
mengandungi minyak mentah
- contain mixture of different hydrocarbon
compound
terdiri dari campuran sebatian hidrokarbon
berbeza
• - separated in oil refineries
diasingkan
• - by process : Fractional distillation
penyulingan berperingkat
Crude oil
Minyak mentah
Fractional distillation
Penyulingan berperingkat