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Types of Research Descriptive
Types of Research Descriptive
RESEARCH
1. SELECTING A PROBLEM
2. REVIEWING THE LITERATURE ON THE
PROBLEM
3. DESIGNING THE RESEARCH
4. COLLECTING THE DATA
5. ANALYZING THE DATA
6. INTERPRETING FINDINGS AND STATING
CONCLUSIONS
7. REPORTING RESULTS
RESEACH DESIGN
THE COMPLETE PLAN OF ATTACK ON THE
RESEARCH PROBLEM
PROVIDES THE OVERALL STRUCTURE FOR
THE PROCEDURES THAT THE RESEARCHER
FOLLOWS, THE DATA THAT THE
RESEARCHER COLLECTS, AND THE DATA
ANALYSES THAT THE RESEARCHER
CONDUCTS, THUS INVOLVES PLANNING
PLAN WITH THE CENTRAL GOAL OF
SOLVING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM IN
MIND
TYPES OF RESEARCH
BASIC RESEARCH
AIMED AT OBTAINING EMPIRICAL DATA USED TO
FORMULATE AND EXPAND THEORIES, AND THE
FRONTIERS OF KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT REGARD TO
PRACTICAL APPLICATION
NOT DESIGNED TOWARDS THE SOLUTION OF
PRACTICAL PROBLEMS
APPLIED RESEARCH
AIMS TO SOLVE AN IMMEDIATE PRACTICAL PROBLEM
AT APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF COMPLEXITY (E.G. T-L
SITUATION)
APPLIED RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE = INVOLVES OBJECTIVE
MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL DATA
ANALYSIS TO UNDERSTAND AND EXPLAIN
A PHENOMENON.
QUALITATIVE = FOCUSES ON
UNDERSTANDING A SOCIAL PHENOMENON
FROM THE PRESPECTIVE OF THOSE
INVOLVED AS PARTICIPANTS IN THE
RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH
AIMS AT UTILIZING THE PREVIOUSLY
ATTAINED PRINCIPLES TO SOLVE
EXISTING PROBLEMS
MAY RESULT IN A NEW TECHNOLOGY OR
NEW STRATEGY, WHICH IS BETTER, MORE
EFFECTIVE OR MORE COST EFFECTIVE
E.G.:
RESEARCH TO IMPROVE LEARNING
RESEARCH TO REDUCE ACCIDENTS ON THE
HIGHWAY
RESEARCH TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTION OF FOOD
APPLIED RESEARCH
CLASIFIED ACCORDING TO RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY USED :
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
EX POST FACTO RESEARCH
EXSPERIMENTAL RESEARCH (TRUE VS QUASI)
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
CASE STUDIES
PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH
ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
EXAMPLES OF DESCRIPTIVE
RESEARCH
PRINCIPALS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS
TEACHER GRADUATES FROM UPM
CURRENT STATUS OF THE TEACHING OF
SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS IN ENGLISH:
TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS
WORKPLACE BULLYING AND MENTAL
HEALTH LEVELS AMONG EMPLOYEES OF ……..
CAREER DEVELOPMMENT OPPORTUNITIES
AND JOB SATISFACTION AMONG EMPLOYEES
OF ……..
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ON CURRENT
STATUS OF PHENOMENON
TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON THE
SITUATION DURING THE TIME OF STUDY
USUALLY PERFORMED WHEN A PROBLEM
DEVELOPED IN CURRENT PRACTICES AND
THE RESEARCHER WANTS TO FIND OUT
THE STATUS QUO
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
THROUGH OBSERVATIONS
DATA ARE COLLECTED THROUGH
DIRECT OBSERVATIONS
NOTE: SOMETIMES BOTH METHODS
DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES
TREND ANALISES
PURPOSE OF SURVEY
TO COLLECT DETAIL INFORMATION
IN ORDER TO EXPLAIN CURRENT
PHENOMENA
TO IDENTIFY PROBLEMS OR TO
JUSTIFY CURRENT SITUATION AND
PRACTICES
TO COMPARE SITUATIONS OR TO
EVALUATE CURRENT SITUATIONS
DATA COLLECTION FOR
SURVEY
SURVEY OF DOCUMENTS
MAIL SURVEY
SURVEY THROUGH
INTERVIEWS
GROUPS
INDIVIDUALS
FOLLOW-UP STUDIES
DONE AFTER A PROGRAMMME
HAS BEEN CONDUCTED
MAY NOT NECESSARILY BE AN
EVALUATION OF THE
PROGRAMME
DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES
CONCERNED PRIMARILY WITH
VARIABLES THAT DIFFERENTIATE
CHILDREN AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF
AGE, GROWTH, OR MATURATION
INVESTIGATE PROGRESSION ALONG A
NUMBER OF DIMENSIONS, E.G. PHYSICAL,
EMOTIONAL, OR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
CROSS-SECTIONAL OR LONGITUDINAL
TREND STUDIES
CONDUCTED BASED ON
ACCUMULATED LONGITUDINAL
DATA – OBSERVE WHAT
HAPPENED PREVIOUSLY, THEN
OBSERVE THE CURRENT PATTERN,
AND BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA,
PREDICT WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IN
THE FUTURE