Introductio

n to
 FACTORIAL
If n be a positive integer, then the
product of the first n positive
integers is called “n factorial”
and is denoted by n!. Thus,
n! = n • (n-1) •(n-2) •(n-3)•••3•2•1
EXAMPLES: Find the value of each factorial.
1. 3!
2. 5! + 2!
3. 10!
8!
4. 1!
5. 0!
 PERMUTATION
A permutation is an arrangement of things
in a definite order or the ordered
arrangement of distinguishable objects
without repetitions among objects.
 PERMUTATION
Every arrangement in order of a set of things.
n! Pr  P ( n, r )
n P r  n

Note:
( n  r )!
Evaluate the following:
1.6 P3 4.P ( 4,2)
2.10 P6 5.P (10,7)

3.12 P12
EXAMPLE:
How many four-letter permutations can be
formed from the letters in the word
HEPTAGON?

n = _____r = _____
 PERMUTATION
The permutation of n objects using n objects where
n1 are the same, n2 are the same,…., nk are the same
and n1 + n2 + n3 + ….. + nk = n is given by:
n!
n1!n2 !n3!...  nk !
EXAMPLE:
In how many ways can you arrange the letters
of the word:
a. STATISTICS?

b. PROBABILITY?
CIRCULAR PERMUTATION
If n objects are arranged in a circle,
the number of permutations is
( n  1)!
EXAMPLE:
In how many ways can 5 people be seated in a
round table with 5 seats?
Let’s Practice!
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
1. A group of 14 must select a
president, a vice-president, a
secretary and a treasurer. In how
many ways can this be done?
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
2. How many arrangements are there if
8 playing cards are drawn from a
deck of cards?
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
3. Find the number of distinct
permutation of letters of the word
COMMOTION?
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
4. In how many ways can 10 students
be seated on a round table if:
a. there are no restrictions?
b. two particular persons want to
sit next to each other?
PRACTICE EXERCISES:
5. So your mom just got Facebook…not cool!
You want to disguise your name by
scrambling up the letters in your first and last
name so she can’t find you. If your
name is, Elle Cunanan, how many
new first and last names can you
make with the letters?