Analysis & Design of Statically

Indeterminate Structures
 Unit 6 : University Syllabus

Statically Indeterminate Structures :

Analysis & Design of Prestressed Concrete

Continuous Beam & Frame
Advantages of Continuous Members
BMs are more evenly distributed between the centre of
span & supports.
Reduction in size of members results in lighter structure.
Ultimate load carrying capacity is higher than a statically
determinate structure due to the redistribution of
moments.
Increased stability due to continuity.
Reduction in number of anchorages w.r.t. Simply
supported beams.
Mid span deflection is less.
Disadvantages of Continuous Members
Difficult analysis & design procedures.
Difficuties in construction, especially for precast
members.
Increased frictional loss due to changes of curvature in
the tendon profile.
Secondary stresses due to prestressing , creep,
shrinkage, temperature & settlement of supports may
induce very high stresses unless they are controlled or
provided for in design.
P P
 PSC Continuous Beam

Fully Continuous Beam Partially Continuous Beam

Definitions of Basic Terms
Primary Moment :
It is the bending moment at a section in a statically
indeterminate structure due to the actual eccentricity
of the tendons from the centroidal axis. (P.e)

Secondary Moment (Parasitic BM) :

Additional moments induced at a section of a
statically indeterminate structure due to redundant
reactions developed due to prestressing the structure.
Resultant Moment :
The resultant moment at a section of an indeterminate
prestressed structure is the sum of the primary &
secondary moments.
RM = PM + SM
Pressure or Thrust Line :
locus of resultant compression at different sections of
the structural member.

Line of Prestress (CGS line) :

The locus of centriod of the prestressing force along
the structure.
Concordant Cable of Tendon Profile
A tendon profile in which the eccentricity is
proportional at all c/s to the BM caused by any loading.

This profile does not induce any Redundant reaction &

hence Secondary moments are zero.

If the Tendon Profile is made to coincide with the

Resultant Thrust Line, the Redundant Reactions are
completely eliminated & the cable profile may be
considered as Concordant.
Transformation Profile :
Any tendon profile consisting of straight lines
between the rigid supports & having zero eccentricity
at simple end supports.
Analysis for Secondary Moments

Assumptions :

The effect of change in the length of members due to the

prestressing force & external loading is negligible.

The cable friction is considered to be negligible so that

the prestressing force is constant at all points of the
cable.
Methods for Analysis of Secondary Moments
Three Moment Theorem

Consistent Deformation (Flexibility influence

coefficient method.)

Tendon Reaction ( Method of Equivlent Loads)

Three Moment Theorem

Free BMD – due to primary moments

Horizontal axis – Longitudinal axis of member

Members of variable c/s along length can also be

solved
Simplified form of Three Moment Equation

MAB + 2 MBA + 2k MBC + k MCB = KBA + kKBC

Where, MAB, MBA, MBC , MCB are the Secondary Moments

developed due to prestressing.

K = -(6P/L2 )*(∫ exdx )

K = Stiffness ratio = (IAB/LAB)/(IBC/LBC)

Method of Consistent Deformation
(Flexibility Influence Confidents)

Involves the formation of simultaneous equations in

terms of

unknown reaction components.

Flexibility coefficients.
Displacements at any point due to external load on the
structure.
F*R = -u
Tendon Reaction or Method of Equivalent Loads

Established by Guyon

Equivalent Load System

Resultant moments are the output

Secondary moments if required can be obtained as

difference in RM & PM at every c/s.
Equivalent Load System

Reactions exerted by Tendon on concrete section,

gives the Equivalent Load System.

Depends upon
Magnitude of Prestressing Force
Cable Profile
 Cable Profile Reaction Reaction Magnitude

Straight Portion of Cable No Reaction -

Sharp angles in cable Concentrated Load P.ѳ

Curved cables UDL P/R

Parabolic cable UDL 8Pe/L2

End Anchorages Axial thrust with a fixing P and P.e

moment