Losses in Prestressed Concrete Dr. Pravinchandra Dhake, K. K.

Wagh IEER, Nashik

Loss due to Shrinkage-

Problem – A post tensioned prestressed concrete beam of rectangular cross section

300 x 600 mm is prestressed by a strands carrying initial prestressing force 400kN.
The cross sectional area of the strands is 400mm2. Calculate the % loss of stress due
to shrinkage for relative humidity 50%.

i) In general
ii) after one year with age of concrete at transfer- 8days.
iii) after six months with age of concrete at transfer- 8days.
Grade of concrete- M40

Soln-

Initial stress= 400 x 1000/400 = 1000 N/mm2

Es = 2 x 105 N/mm2

i) Shrinkage loss in general-

Autogenous shrinkage = εca = 55 x 10-6 (Refer cl. 6.2.4.2, pg 5)

Drying Shrinkage Strain= εcd = 466 x 10-6 (Refer cl. 6.2.4.3, pg 5)

Notional size = h0= 2Ac/u = 2x300x600/(300+300+600+600) = 200

kh= 0.85

Total Drying Shrinkage Strain= εcd, ∞ = kh. εcd

= 0.85 x 466 x 10-6

=396.1 x 10-6

Total shrinkage strain = εcs = εcd, ∞ + εca = (55+396.1) x 10-6

Loss of stress = εcs x Es = 451.1 x 10-6 x 2 x 105 = 90.22 N/mm2

Percentage loss of stress = 9.022 %

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Losses in Prestressed Concrete Dr. Pravinchandra Dhake, K. K. Wagh IEER, Nashik

ii) Shrinkage loss after one year -

βas (t) = 1- exp (-0.2√t) (Refer cl. 6.2.4.4, pg 5)

= 1- e (-0.2√365) = 0.978

Autogenous shrinkage = εcs(t) = βas (t) x εca

= 0.978 x 55 x 10-6 = 53.70 x 10-6

(t–ts) (365–8)
βds (t, ts) = = (365–8)+
0.04 √2003
= 0.759
(t–ts)+ 0.04 Jh0 3

Total Drying Shrinkage Strain= εcd = βds (t, ts) . kh. εcd

= 0.759 x 0.85 x 466 x 10-6

=300.64 x 10-6

Total shrinkage strain = εcs = εcd + εca = (53.7+300.64) x 10-6

Loss of stress = εcs x Es = 354.34 x 10-6 x 2 x 105 = 70.868 N/mm2

Percentage loss of stress = 7.087 %

iii) Shrinkage loss after six months -

βas (t) = 1- exp (-0.2√t) (Refer cl. 6.2.4.4, pg 5)

= 1- e (-0.2√180) = 0.932

Autogenous shrinkage = εcs(t) = βas (t) x εca

= 0.932 x 55 x 10-6 = 51.26 x 10-6

(t–ts) (180–8)
βds (t, ts) = =
(180–8)+ 0.04 √2003
= 0.603
(t–ts)+ 0.04 Jh0 3

Total Drying Shrinkage Strain= εcd = βds (t, ts) . kh. εcd

= 0.603 x 0.85 x 466 x 10-6

=238.84 x 10-6

Total shrinkage strain = εcs = εcd + εca = (51.26+238.84) x 10-6

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Losses in Prestressed Concrete Dr. Pravinchandra Dhake, K. K. Wagh IEER, Nashik

Loss of stress = εcs x Es = 290.1 x 10-6 x 2 x 105 = 58.02 N/mm2

Percentage loss of stress = 5.8 %

Loss due to creep-

Problem – A prestressed concrete beam of rectangular cross section 100 x 300

mm is prestressed by 5 wires of 7 mm diameter. The profile of the wires is
parabolic with zero eccentricity at support and 50mm at midspan. Initial stress
in the wires is 1200 N/mm2. Es = 2 x 105 N/mm2 ; Ec= 35 x 103 N/mm2 ; Grade
of concrete- M40

Calculate the % loss of stress due to creep of concrete for relative humidity 50% and
age of loading 28 days.

i) In general total creep loss

ii) Precise total creep loss
iii) Precise creep loss after one year.

Soln-

As = 192.4 mm2

A = 30000 mm2

I = 225 x 106 mm2

192.4 x 1200 = 230.9 kN

Initial prestressing force = 137.44

α = Es/Ec = 5.714

fc at support = P/A = 230.9 x 103/ 30000 = 7.7 N/mm2

P Psesy 230.9 s 103 230.9 s 103 s 50 s 50
fcat midspan = Æ + = + = 10.27 N/mm2
I 30000 225 s106

2
avg fc = 7.7 + (10.27 — 7.7) = 9.413 N/NN 2
3

Notional size = h0= 2Ac/u = 2x100x300/(100+100+300+300) = 75

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Losses in Prestressed Concrete Dr. Pravinchandra Dhake, K. K. Wagh IEER, Nashik

i) In general total creep loss

For 28 days age of loading -

creep coefficient = ϕ= ϕ0 = 2.975

Loss of stress due to creep of concrete = ϕ0 x fc x α

= 2.975 x 9.413 x 5.714 = 160 N/mm2

Percentage loss = 13.33 %

ii) Precise total creep loss

For 28 days age of loading -

creep coefficient = ϕ= ϕ0 = ϕRH . β(fcm) . β(t0)

1–RK/100
ϕRH = 1+ 0.1 3ƒh0
for fck ≤ 45 MPa

1–50/100

= 1+ 3 = 2.185
0.1 √75

16.8
β(fcm) = = 2.425
ƒfck+8

β 1 1 = 0.488
==

(0.1+ 280.20 )
(t0)
(0.1+ t0.20
0 )

ϕ = 2.185 x 2.425 x 0.488 = 2.586

Loss of stress due to creep of concrete = ϕ x fc x α

= 2.586 x 9.413 x 5.714 = 139 N/mm2

Percentage loss = 11.59 %

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Losses in Prestressed Concrete Dr. Pravinchandra Dhake, K. K. Wagh IEER, Nashik

iii) Precise creep loss after one year.

For 28 days age of loading - .2 page 6 IS 1343:2012

cl 6.2.5.1.

creep coefficient = ϕ(t, t0) = ϕ0 . β(t, t0) = ϕRH . β(fcm) . β(t0) . β(t, t0)
1–RK/100
ϕRH = 1+ for fck ≤ 45 MPa
0.1 3ƒh0

1–50/100

= 1+ 3 = 2.185
0.1 √75

16.8
β(fcm) = = 2.425
ƒfck+8

β 1 1 = 0.488
==

(0.1+ 280.20 )
(t0)
(0.1+ t0.20
0 )
RK 18
β = 1.5 [1+ (1.2 ) ]h + 250 ≤ 1500 for f ≤ 45 MPa
H 0 ck
RK0
50
= 1.5 [1+ (1.2100 )18]x 75 + 250 = 362.51
t–t0 365–28
β =[ ]0.3 = [ ]0.3 = 0.803
(t, t0)
þH+(t–t0) 362.51+(365–28)

ϕ(t, t0) = ϕRH . β(fcm) . β(t0) . β(t, t0)

= 2.185 x 2.425 x 0.488 x 0.803= 2.076

Loss of stress due to creep of concrete = ϕ0 x fc x α

= 2.076 x 9.413 x 5.714 = 111.66 N/mm2

Percentage loss = 9.3 %