QUADRATIC

FUNCTIONS
Prepared by:
Ayn Realosa-Barcelon
Math Teacher
• FUNCTION – is a relation which no
two ordered pairs have the same first
coordinate, or each element in the first
set is paired with one and only one
element in the second set.

Review of Functions
 Miss So
• PGHS
Mr. Garcia

Miss Helen
• RKHS
Miss Rose

Examples of Functions
Examples of Functions
Examples of Functions
• The idea of a function can also be extended to real life
situations.

EXAMPLES:
 Plants rely on the amount of sunlight and rainfall growth.
 Area of a square is defined by the length of its side
 The relationship that exists between a chemical element
and its corresponding chemical symbol also indicates a
function.

Functions in Real Life

Identify whether the relationship that exists
between each of the following pairs indicates a
function or not.

a) A jeepney and its plate number

b) A student and his ID number
c) A teacher and his cellular phone
d) A pen and the color of its ink

Let’s try!
a) FUNCTION – a jeepney can only be assigned one
plate number
b) FUNCTION – a student may only be issued one ID
number
c) NOT A FUNCTION – a teacher may have two or
more cellular phones
d) NOT A FUNCTION – there are some pens that
have two or three colors of ink contained in only
one unit.

Solutions:
• Another way to determine functions is
through their graphs. Recall that in a
function, every value of the independent
variable (x) corresponds to a unique value
of the dependent variable (y). Therefore
any vertical line drawn through the graph
of a function must intersect the graph at
exactly one point. This is known as the
vertical line test.

GRAPHS
Example:
• The graphs in (a) and (b) illustrates a
function. Notice that when a vertical line is
drawn over these graphs, the line will
intersect each graph at exactly one point.
• The graph in (c) is not a function because
any vertical line will intersect the graphs at
two or three points.

Solution:
• It is relatively easy to determine whether
an equation is a function by solving for y.
When you are given an equation and a
specific value for x, there should only be
one corresponding y-value for that x-value.

Determining if an
equation is a FUNCTION
• Consider the equation x+y = 7
• Isolate the y and make sure it will have a unique value.
y = x-7
• Therefore for any values of x, it will give us a unique
value of y.
• The equation x+y=7 is a FUNCTION.

Example
• Consider the equation
• Isolate the y and make sure it will have a unique value.

•  With the equation, evaluation the value of x, it will give

us two values.
• Therefore the equation is NOT FUNCTION.

Example
• Domain – the domain of a function is the
set of all coordinates.
• Co-domain – is the set from which the
values of the second coordinates are taken
• Range – the actual set of all second
coordinates

Definitions
• To find the domain, we ask what
real numbers can be substituted
for x and the value of y that results
is a real number.

How to find the domain?

• The set from which the values of y
comes from. It is always a subset of the
real numbers. It is the reason that many
authors do not mention the co-domain
and we will not be asking for the co-
domain of the functions we will be
discussing.

How to find the co-domain?

• Consider the function
• Domain: Since any real number substituted for x results
in a real number, the domain is whole set of R of real
• numbers.
 
• Co-domain: set of real numbers
• Range: Since ⦥ 0 for all real numbers, the range is:
{y|y ⦥ 0}

Example
• The relationship between the variables x
and y can be denoted by the equation
y=f(x). This rule allows you t determine
the unique value of y for every given
value of x. The variable x is the
independent variable, while the variable
y is the dependent variable. For instance,
if y=f(x) and y=2x-1, then we can write
f(x) = 2x-1.
1. Find the value of y in the equation
y=3x-2 if x=1.
•  
2. If the value of y in the equation
y=is 2, find x.

Examples:
1. Substitute the value of x into the given equation, then solve
for y.

•  

Therefore, in the given equation, if x=-1, then y=-5,

these values can be written as an ordered pair (-1,-5)

SOLUTIONS:
2. Replace y with 2 in the equation. Then solve for x.

- multiplying both sides by x-2

• -  distributive property of multiplication

– combining similar terms
– simplifying both sides; dividing both sides by -1

(-12, 2)

SOLUTIONS: