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Qf = qfAb + fsAs
where qf = ultimate bearing capacity of soil at base tip of pile
Ab = cross-sectional area of pile at base tip
fs = skin friction between pile and soil
As = surface area of pile shaft
For Sands
Db
q f 40 N 400 N (300N for non-plastic silts)
B
1
(use 3 q f for bored piles)
1
f s 2N (use 2
f s for bored piles and H piles)
8s +B
s
B
s s
Pile Group Tip Area
for a single pile, Ab is the area of the
pile tip
for a pile group, Ab is the area of the
entire space enclosed by pile group
perimeter
B 2
πB
s
4s 2 4sB
4
s
πB 2
4 s s
Pile Group Efficiency
If the ultimate load of a pile group of n piles is
Qfgroup and the ultimate load of a single pile of
the same dimensions as those in the pile
group has an ultimate load, Qfpile, then the pile
group efficiency, EPG is the average ultimate
load per pile of the pile group divided by the
single pile ultimate load
Q fgroup
n 100%
E PG
Q fpile