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BACKGROUND
Spread footing is the part of a foundation which is widened and is responsible for
spreading the weight transmitted from a column load over larger and broader soil area.
APPLICATIONS
DESIGN THEORY
There are two determining factors in the design and sizing of spread footing, these factors
are as follows:
2. Column Load
q= P/A
P = Load applied
A = Area of footing
Soil bearing pressure or allowable soil bearing in lb/sqft is attained through this table:
2. Column loads
Column loads, denoted as P column, is the sum of the following:
1. Roof loads
Notable, if the ground floor is situated on grade, its loads are not included.
q allowable > q
Where: q allowable = allowable soil bearing pressure found in table of soil bearing
capacities
P = Load applied
A = area of footing
3. P footing
Where: q allowable = allowable soil bearing pressure found in table of soil bearing
capacities
5. Column loads
Column load is denoted as P column and is the summation of all loads acting on the
column.
7. Footing shape
2. Area of rectangle = bh
1. Needed variables
Variable Denoted as
Length of footing X
Breadth of footing Y
Height of the footing (thickness) h
Diameter of main reinforcement dm
Diameter of distribution reinforcement
dd
bars
Spacing of main re-bars sm
Spacing of distribution of re-bars sd
Cover for re-bars/concreter cover c
Nd = (X/Spacing of Distribution
Reinforcement) +1
4. Cutting Length of Main Reinforcement (X-Bars)
Cd = Nd x Cd1
8. Estimation of Steel Quantity
Wm = D2Cm/162
Wd = D2Cd/162
Where: Wm = steel quantity for main reinforcement
Size a spread footing for Column B-3 in the building shown below. The footing thickness
is 1ft 9in. Assume that the footings bear on silty sand with an allowable soil bearing
Reactions:
Column loads:
1) Roof beam
= 2(5000)
= 10,000 lb
2) Roof girder
= 2(10,000)
= 20,000 lb
3) Second floor beam
= 2(13,500)
= 27,000 lb
2(girder reaction)
= 2(27,000)
= 54,200 lb
5) Column weight
10,000+20,000+27,000+54,200+1,500 = 112,500 lb
7) P footing
A > 112,500/2737.5
X = 6.4 ft
Use 6’ – 6” x 6’ – 6” x 1’ – 9” thk
Re-bar estimation
1) Needed variables
Nm = (1.95 / .150) + 1
Nm = 14 bars
Nd = (1.95/.150) + 1
Nd = 14 bars
Cm1 = 2.762m
Cm = 14(2.762)
Cm = 38.668 m
Cd = Nd x Cd1
Cd = 14(2.762)
Cd = 38.668 m
Wm = D2Cm/162
Wm = (12 x 12 x 38.668)/162
Wm = 34.37 kg
Wd = D2Cd/162
Wd = (12 x 12 x 38.668)/162
d = 34.37 kg