By:-

Abhishek Goyal
Dhanashree Baxy
Ipshita Ghosh
Shivam Pandey
Siddharth Giyamalani
Vidhi Kothari 1
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 THE MOVIE
● 12 Angry Men is a 1997 American film directed by William Friedkin, which
initially was a teleplay written by Reginald Rose.

● The running time of the movie is 117 minutes out of which 103 minutes
approximately are inside a room.

● An 18 year old boy is on trial for allegedly killing his father. The judge
instruct the jury to decide whether he is guilty of the murder or not.

● The condition here is that the verdict should be unanimous.

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11 1
11

10 2

8 4 5
6 6

3 9

1 11 6
0 12
Perception is a process by which individual organize and interpret their
sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

However, what we perceive can be substantially different from objective

reality.

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 TIMELINE

8 PM 8:45 PM 9:45 PM 10PM 12:10 AM

Went to a Ran into his Left for Reached Time of

The boy left
neighbourhood friends and home. home murder
home around had a little
8pm after shop to buy a
chat.
having a clash ‘switch
with his father. blade’(murder
weapon)
Boy’s Claims :

Claimed to be at the
movie by 11:30pm and
returned home at
around 3:15 am, and
then he got arrested for
murder.

He also claimed that the

knife was a gift for his
friend which he lost
somewhere between
11:30pm to 3:15am due
to a hole in his pocket
and never saw it again 10
 WITNESSES AND THEIR TESTIMONIES
1
1 An old man

Lived below his

apartment who said he
heard them fight and 2
2 A lady
then the boy shouted “I
am gonna kill you” and Lived across the street,
killed his father. When saw through her
the old man rushed window the whole 3
3 His 3 Friends
open the door he saw murder scene when the
him running away. last two cars out of six The
.
boy’s friends said
of the train crossed that they saw the
and then the lights knife with the boy.
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went off.
 ● ipsum
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Investigation Lorem
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was bought by the boy.
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Findings : ● The stab wound was downward i.e,

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sit ametmurder was bibendum
odio vel purus taller than victim. So around
luctus.
6 feet.
● No
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dolorsaw him
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of the theatre.

● ipsum
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elit. Duis sit amet odio vel purus bibendum luctus.
the knives.

● The
Lorem ipsum boy couldn’t
dolor sit name
amet, consectetur the
adipiscing elit. Duis sit amet odio.
movie when asked.
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Factors in the situation Factors in the target

1. Attitudes
2. Motives
1. Time 3. Interests 1. Novelty
2. Work setting 4. Experience 2. Motion
3. Social setting 5.Expectation 3. Sounds
.
4. Size
5. Background
6. Proximity
7. Similarity

Factors in the
perceiver

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Picked up
twice by
the police
for
mugging

Juvenile court at
10 for throwing a
rock at his
teacher
Tried to
Orphaned sledge
for 1.5
another
years
teen with a
knife

Experience :
“When he was 16, we got into
a battle. He hit me in the face,
big kid you know. I haven’t
seen him in 14 years”-(3)
Attitude :
“Its only one night! A boy Lack of interest :
may die. I have a 1.“This gotta be fast. I got two
proposition. I would like to tickets for the baseball game
call for another vote. I
tonight”-(7)
want you 11 men to vote
2.“I am sorry. I just have this
by secret written ballot. If
you all vote guilty, I will not habit of doodling. It keeps me
hold out. But if anyone focused”-(12)
votes ‘not guilty’, then we
stay and talk”-(8)

Expectation :
“Slums are
breeding Perception Work Setting :
grounds for
criminals”- 1.Hottest day of
(4) the year
2.AC not working

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 Consensus Distinctiveness Consistency
Vestibulum congue tempus Vestibulum congue tempus Vestibulum congue tempus
If everyone who faces a Whether an individual
similar situation responds in Does the person respond
displays different
theLorem
same ipsumway, we can say the the same way overtime?
dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.
behaviour in different
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
behaviour shows consensus. adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor.
situation.

↑=External ↑=External ↑=Internal

Vestibulum congue tempus

Attribution Theory tries to explain the ways in which we judge

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor. Ipsum dolor sit amet elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor.
people differently, depending on the meaning we attribute to a given behavior.

↑= High and ↓= Low 21

 Consistency

Low
High
Low
Consensus

Distinctiveness
Distinctiveness
High
ipsum congue

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 ATTRIBUTION ERROR:
Attribution error refers to an individual’s tendency to attribute
another’s actions to their character or personality, while attributing
their behavior to external situational factors outside of their control. In
other words, you tend to cut yourself a break while holding others 100
percent accountable for their actions. The attribution error exists
because of how people perceive the world.

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ARE WE QUICK TO JUDGE OTHERS? WHY?

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Common Shortcuts in Judging Others
His face looks so
scary!! He must Your sister Listen Candace, I already
definitely be a cooked this sense bad vibes from him.
murderer or so much Don’t go.
something…. better than
you.

Omg! Did you hear what

Stacey did today? YOU STOLE MY MONEY!!! YOU’VE DONE IT
BEFORE! GIVE IT BACK BEFORE I CALL THE
Yeah! She’s a jew. What COPS!!!
else could you expect?!

Yes, you’re right.

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 Selective Shortcuts in Judging
Perception Halo Effect
Others
Tendency to select and Drawing general
interpret things on the impression on the basis ● Shortcuts - Using methods
basis of one’s interest, of single characteristic.
background, experiences to quickly conclude the
and attitudes analysis of a person.
● Using judgement
prototypes help us reduce
Stereotyping Contrast Effects
the work of getting to know
On the basis of one’s Evaluating a person’s the person and
perception of the characteristics that is
group to which that affected by acknowledge other POVs.
person belongs. comparisons.

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PERCEPTION AND INDIVIDUAL DECISION
MAKING

The way individuals make decisions and the quality of their choices are
largely influenced by their perceptions. Decision making occurs as a
reaction to a problem. Every decision requires us to interpret and
evaluate information. We typically receive data from multiple sources
and need to screen, process, and interpret them throughout the entire
decision.

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● Juror 3 has a negative perception due to his bad
emotions
● He mourns the distance that has grown between
him and his son
● He believes that his son had disrespected him.
Where as he honoured his father who raised him
with an iron fist
● He is immediately vocal about the supposed
simplicity of the case, and the obvious guilt of the
defendant.
● He is quick to lose his temper, and often infuriated.
● He believes that the accused is guilty, until the
very end.
● His emotional baggage is revealed in the end.
● His poor relationship with his own son had
distorted his views.
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● A stockbroker, very eloquent and looks at the case more coherently
than the other jurors through facts and not bias.
● He is steadfast in the belief that based on the fact that the
defendant is “guilty”, but he did not try to persuade others to
change their minds forcibly.
● Throughout the film he is able to think independently, and never let
personal bias or peer-pressure affect his decision-making.
● He is one of the few characters in the story that does not take sides,
make alliances, or look for approval.
● It is clear that he was there to seek the truth and he heard
everybody twice to make sure he has done just that.
● He analyzed every piece of evidence carefully and used logic to
guide his vote
● It is important to note that he was the second last jury to change
their vote to not guilty.
● He tried his best to make a good decision and finally he chose to
vote not guilty for the defendant.

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Thank You

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