Measurements

 ACCURACY AND PRECISION

 SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
 BASIC UNIT OF MEASUREMENTS
 CONVERSION
Measurements
Measurements

assigning number to a distinct
object or event in comparison
with other objects or events.
Accuracy and
Precision
 Accuracy & Precision
Accuracy: Precision:
◦ How finely tuned your
◦ How close you are to
measurements are or
the actual value how close they can be to
◦ Depends on the person each other
◦ Depends on the
measuring measuring tool
◦ Determined by the
number of significant
digits
Accuracy & Precision
Accuracy & Precision may be demonstrated
by shooting at a target.
Accuracy is represented by hitting the
bulls eye (the accepted value)
Precision is represented by a tight
grouping of shots (they are finely
tuned)
Accuracy & Precision Accuracy without
Precision

Precision without No Precision &

Accuracy No Accuracy
Significant
Figures
•All nonzero digits are
significant
Examples:
124 mL has three significant figures
6453 g has 4 significant figures
6.453 mm has four significant figures
•Zeros between nonzero
digits are significant
Examples:
8.09 g has three significant figures
90.8 mL has three significant figures
236.005 m has six significant figures
•Zeros to the left of the first
nonzero digit are not significant.
They are placeholders and are
used to locate a decimal point.

Examples:
0.04 L – 1SF
0.000071 km – 2SF
0.00373 m – 3SF
•Zeros at the end of a number
and to the right of a decimal
point are significant

Examples:
0.500 g – 3SF
125.00 mL – 5SF
3.000 000 000 – 10SF
•Zeros at the end of a number
that lies to the left of an
understood decimal point may or
may not be significant
Examples
1. 0.000005010
2. 2, 500, 000 mg
3. 1.0005
4. 5, 230, 000, 000
5. 0.00840
Basic Unit of Measurements
Basic Unit
Length
Time
Temperature
Amount of substance
Mass
Basic Unit of Measurements
Basic Unit
Length Meter
Time Second
Temperature Kelvin
Amount of substance Mole
Mass Kilogram
Prefixes
Prefix Value
milli 10-3
micro 10-6
nano 10-9
pico 10-12
kilo 103
Mega 106
Giga 109
Tera 1012
Conversion Factors
Length
100 cm 1m
1000 m 1 km
1.60 km 1 mi
5280 ft 1 mi
2.54 cm 1 in
1m 3.28 ft
Conversion Factors
Mass
1000 mg 1g
1000 g 1 kg
454 g L lbs
2.2 lbs 1 kg
1 metric Ton (MT) 1000 kg
Conversion Factors
Volume
1 cc 1 mL
1 mL 20. 0 drops
4.93 mL 1 tsp
1000 ml / 1000 cc 1L
3.79 L 1 gal
1000 L 1 m3
1 m3 ft3 35.31
Conversion Factors
Pressure
760 torr 760 mm Hg
760 mm Hg 1 atm
1 atm 14.7 psi
1 atm x 105 pa 1.01
Conversion Factors

Temperature
 °F to °C   °C =  °F -32 / 1.8
 °Cto  °F  °F = 1.8C + 32
 °C to K K =  °C + 273