Management: Planning and As A Management Function

PLANNING AND AS A MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Management
-is defined as the use of people and other

resources to accomplish objectives.
- is applicable to all organizational structure both
profit oriented and non-profit.
- Management involvesin the creation of an
environment in which most people most effectively
use other resources to reach stated goals.
Four Basic Functions of Management
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Leading
4. Controlling
Four Basic Functions of Management
Planning – can be defined as the process by

which managers set objectives, assess the
future, and develop courses of action to
accomplish these objectives. All managers are
involved in planning activities.
Organizing – is the process of obtaining and

arraging people and physical resources to
carry out plans and accomplish organizational
objectives. It is a continuing process in any
organization.
Leading – is a critical activity in all

organizations. It can be defined as the act of
motivating or causing people to perform
certain tasks intended to achieve specific
objectives.
Controlling – can be defined as the continual

analysis and measurement of actual
operations against the established standards
developed during the planning process.
DEFINITION OF PLANNING
Planning can be defined as the process by

which managers set objectives, assess the
future, and develop course of action designed
to accomplish objectives.
It also includes determing appropriate

objectives and the optimum timetable for
achieving them. It also specifies the actions
needed to reach these objectives.
Other definitions
Deciding in advance what is to be done and

how it is to be done
Experiences, good researches and

environmental scanning are the basis of good
planning. Without planning, individuals/
organizations will not grow and succeed.
A document method by which a thing should

be done.
Plan should be writted down. Otherwise there

will be no way of establishing what is to be
done, who will do it, when to start doing the
task involved, what are you doing or who is
doing.
A listing of course of action by a tasked group

or groups; or individuals in order to reach a
certain goal.
The plan may be implemented by an

individual or groups following a
predetermined course of action.
Formal act of process of making a plan.
It is writing down what you want to do, how

you should do it, and who would help you do
the tasks involved to reach a certain end.
ELEMENTS OF PLANNING
1. A goal – what do you want to attain?

2. Course of action – how would you reach
your goal?
3. Implementing group – who is tasked to do
the actions?
4. Resources needed – what is needed to
accomplish?
IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING
Careful planning should result in the

development of a blueprint describing the
means to accomplish objectives. Enumerated
are the reasons why planning is considered to
be a vital function of every managers.
1. People become more PRO-Active not just

RE-Active
It is the best to solve a problem before it

happens. A plan which is put in place,
rehearsed, and evaluated would make
implementation easier.
2. Doing more with less
PNP resources are always not enough. Hence,

they must be used to the fullest and with
maximum impact. ( 1+1 = 3)
3. Foundation of your work
A plan establishes the basis for what you are

doing. You will have a quite guide or a
roadmap to hep you do the right things.
4. Helps make you people become more

productive
When peole know what you want to do, how

you want it done and what is expected of
them. They have mastery of thier job. People
know their roles and understand their value
and contribution in the over all operations.
5. Reflects your competence
Your experience and traing will be reflected

on the plan you make it will establish that you
have your act together. It will also compel you
to sharpen your saw or read more about
delivering quality police service.
6. Give the strategic and tactical advantage
A well formulated and instituted plan allows

the commander to make actions and
decisions which have long-term impact
solutions.
SKILLS NEEDE FOR PLANNING
1. Good analytical thinking
2. Forecasting
3. Prioritizing
4. Should objective setting
5. Contingency Planning and Crisis Management
6. Monitoring
7. Documenting
8. Flexibility
9. Inter-Operability
1. Good analytical thinking
You have to know the situation. You have to

set-up your baseline data, learn to analyze
what is happening and how it affects your
unit.
2. Forecasting
Seeing ahead and making sound assumptions.

Begin with the end in mind.
3. Prioritizing
Compare your sources/capabilities with your

goals and objectives: what and who should be
tasked to reach certain purpose or ends.
4. Sound objective setting
Know where you are going and how to get

there: be practical. A journey of a thousand
miles begins with a first step.
5. Contingency Planning and Crisis

Management
A contingency plan represents your efforts to

guess what might go wrong or differently with
your plan and how to handle it if it does.
6. Monitoring
Identifying success indicators and follow-up
Try to see the progress of your plan. Make a

checklist of what has been done.
7. Documenting
If you have not written it, then you have not

though of it. Write your ideas down.
8. Flexibility
Adjust plans to resources. Be realistic. Do not

incorporate tasks which need legislation.
9. Inter-Operability
Refers to the capability of the commander to

work in synergy with the different
government and private sectors of the
community.
STEPS IN PLANNING PROCESS
1. Define the over all purpose or goal

2. Determine the major components or objectives
of the plan
3. Make sure that your objectives align with the
over all purpose.
4. Collect and evaluate the data you will need to
determine what it will take to complete each
component of the plan
5. Make sure that the plan you collected and
evaluated support the over all purpose
6. Develop a forecast plan

7. Make sure that your forecast plan supports the
over-all purpose
8. Determine actions steps
9. Make sure that your actions steps support the
over-all purpose
10. Develop a contigency plan
11. Implementation your plan
12. Make sure that your contingency plans support
the overall purpose.
13. Make sure that your implementation supports

the overall purpose
14. Check the progress of your plan frequently
15. Make sure that your plan implementation that
the overall purpose remins in focus.
PURPOSE OF THE GOAL
What: Ironically, the first and most crucial steps is

often the most forgotten. For any plan to be
successful you must have a clear understanding of
the desired outcome. So until the over-all purpose
is understood, nothing else should be done.
PURPOSE OF THE GOAL
How: A well defined purpose or goal takes some

thought. Here some of the elements:
1. States in broad terms what desired outcome is.

2. Defines the projects time schedule
3. Describes the resoources that will be used.
Resources should be expressed in terms of
people’s time and financial costs
4. States the quality standards that are applicable
3 BASIC TYPES OF PLANNING
1. Strategic Planning
2. Tactical Planning
3. Operational Planning
Strategic Planning
It is the process of determining the

major objectives of an organization and
then adopting the courses of action and
allocating the resources necessary to
achieve those objectives.
Strategic Plan Technologies
1. SWOT Technique
Strengths – organization advantage and capability

to accomplish its mission.
Weaknesses – elements that constraint the
organization
Opportunities – allow the unit to move forward
Threats – serious challenges
Tactical Planning
Focus on what the organization will be

in the future and emphsize how this will
be accomplished. It refers to the
implementation of activities and
allocation of resources necessary to
achieve the organization’s objective.
Operational Planning
The final step in the planning hierarchy

is operational planning, coordinating the
work standards and the appropriate
individuals to implement tactical plans
GUIDES TO A GOOD PLAN
1. Simple
2. Measureable
3. Affordable
4. Reasonable
5. Time-bound
Simple
People will understand how to do it

and why they are doing it. Make the
language of your plan simple.
Measurable
You have to know what has been said

and done. Back this with statistics.
Affordable
Move with your resources. Do not use

your salary.
Reasonable
It must be accomplished within a

reasonable period of time. Do not expect
people to work it for 24 hours a day.
Time-bound
Dont let the plan forever to achieve its

purpose. Finish it or at leas see some of
its goals achieved within your lifetime.
BRAINSTORMING AND CONSULTATIONS
Present your plan
Do not keep your plan to yourself. Let

those who shall get involved know the
details of the plan.
Encourage a Questions and Answers

Session
An effective plan should have undergo a

question and answer session, its the only
way to test whether the plan is sufficient,
effective and efficient.
Encourage suggestions
Entertain suggestions, but consider only

those that do not drastically digress from
what you have in mind.
Dont Take Forever in Brainstorming and

Consultations
The only measurement of an effective

plan is in the implementation. JUST DO
IT!
POLICE PLANNING
Is defined as the process of combining
all aspects of the publica safety activity
and the realistic anticipation of future
problems.
Is deciding in advance on what is to be

done and how it is to accomplished,
preparations of actions.
POLICE PLANNING
Other definitions
- The analysis of strategy and the correlation

of strategy to detail
- The use of rational design or patter for all
the public safety undertakings
- The act of determining policies and
guidelines for police activities and
operations.
POLICE PLANNING
Significance of Police Planning
• Insure the accomplishment of police

objectives and mission.
• Combinition of public safety activity and
anticipation of future problem.
TYPES POLICE PLANNING
1. Strategic Planning
Is a long term ad with a far reaching

impact. The commonly agreed timelime for
these types of plan is more than five years.
2. Medium Term Planning
These are plans whose timelines are

between those of strategic plans usually
between one to three years.
3. Tactical Planning
Is short term and usually has limited

impact. This is also referred to as near term
plan
Fou Stages of Tactical Planning
1. Identify major task to achieve strategic

goals
2. Assign persons responsible for tasks and
prepare specific plans
3. Allocate resources
4. Set performance standards for each task
TYPES POLICE PLANS
1. Policy or Procedural Plan
2. Tactical Plans
3. Operational Plans
4. Extra-Office Plans
5. Management Plans
TYPES POLICE PLANS
Policy or Procedural Plans are standard
operating procedurs which are outlines
to guide members in their routine and
field operations and in some special
operations.
TYPES POLICE PLANS
Types of Procedural Plans
1. Field Procedures – outline as a guide

to officers and men i the field
2. Headquarters Procedures – reflected
in duty manual
3. Special Operating Procedures
TYPES POLICE PLANS
Tactical Plans are procedures for coping
with specific situations at known
location.
Operational Plans are plans for the

operations of specific divisions like the
patrol, detective, traffic, fire and juvenile
control divisions.
STEPS IN POLICE PLANNING
1. Frame of reference
2. Clarify the problem
3. Collect all pertinent facts
4. Analyzing the facts
5. Developing alternative plans
6. Selecting the most appropriate alternative
7. Selling the plan
8. Arranging for the execution of the plan
9. Evaluating the effectiveness of the plan
Frame of reference – is based on the review
of the matters relating to the situation which
plans are being developed.
Clarifying the problem – identification of the

problem, and understanding both the
problem and the recommended solution
Collecting all pertinent facts – all facts relating
to the issue must be gathered before the
development of a plan addressing thge
situation.
Analyzing the facts – careful analysis and

evaluaation must be made after all data have
been collected
Developing alternative plans – as the
alternative solutions are evaluated, one of the
proposed plans shall usually prove more
logical than others.
Selecting the most appropriate alternative – a

careful consideration of all facts leads to the
selection of the best alternative proposal.
Selling the plan – a plan to be effectively
carried out, must be accepted by person in
concerned at the appropriate level of the
plans development.
Arranging for the execution of the plan –

requires the issuance of orders and directives
to units and personnel concerned,
establishment of schedule and the provision
of manpower and equipment.
Evaluating the effectiveness of the plan – to
know whether a correct alternative was
chosen, whether or not the plan was correct,
which phase was poorly implemented, and
whether additional plan may be necessary.
PROCESS OF PLANNING
1. Discovery or identifying of the problem.
2. Frame of reference isolation and classification of the
problem
3. Collection and analysis of pertinent facts, data and
opinions
4. Developing alternative plans through identification
and evaluation
5. Selection of the most appropriate alternative and
subsequently
6. Selling the plan to persons concerned for the
arrangement of its execution and evaluation of its
effectiveness
FUNDAMENTALS OF PLANNING
1. Know your situation
What are your problems? What do you have

interms of resources to change your situation?
Why are you in present situation. Study the
demographic of your area, study previous reports
and talk with the people and your own
policeman
2. Know what you want to do
What is your purpose or goal? Determine how,

where and when your task will be finished.
3. Breakdown your goals into smaller tasks
Reaching a big goal is a result of accomplishing

small connecting tasks
4. What are the resources needed
The use of your resources must be maximized

and optimized. Practive inter-operability
5. Anticipate problems or changing conditions
Be ready to adapt to changes in the

environment. Anticipate resistance of plan
6. Implement your plan
There will be always critique to your plan
7. Monitor results
Measure the progress of your plan. Find out the

difficulties encountered. Conduct perception
survey and ask for feedback.
8. Evaluate the plan
Part of the plan are the sets of success or

indicators od success. Measure your plan
9. Document the experience
Keep record of what is happening. Write down

your thoughts.
10. Report your experience
Share your experience to your superiors. Report

your plan.
CHARACTERISTICS OF POLICE PLANS
1. Clearly defined objectives or goals

2. Possibility of attainment
3. Flexibility
4. Provision of standards of operation
5. Economy interms of resources needed for
implementation
6. Anticipation effect or effects on future
operations
EXECUTION OF POLICE PLAN
1. Protection of persons and property
2. Preservation of peace
3. Prevention of crime
4. Repression or suppression of criminal activities
5. Apprehension of criminals
6. Enforcement of laws and ordinances and
regulations
7. Safeguarding of public health and moral
8. Prompt execution of criminal writs and process of the
courts
9. Coordination and cooperation with other law enforcement
agencies
Police Operations – comprise the mission-critical
aspects of a police organization. It refers to
activities conducted in the filed by law enforcement
officers as the serve and protect, including patrol,
investigation, and general calls for service.
“The police are the public and the public are the
police”
Communication: The Foundation of Police
Operations
Communication skills are critical to every aspect of

operations. Effective communication can produce several
positive outcomes and can be used to inform, persuade,
diffuse, guide, motivate, reassure and negotiate.
PNP PLANS FOR POLICE OPERATIONS
In line with the context, the PNP as a police

organization has established six MASTER PLANS
in the conduct police operations. These master
plans for operations serve as a ready reference of
all PNP units in the performance of their mandated
tasks.
These master plans help all PNP personnel to

fully understand and effectively implement the
SIX MASTER PLANS
1. SANDIGAN
2. SANDUGO
3. SANGYAMAN
4. SANG-BANAT
5. SANG-INGAT
6. SAKLOLO
SANDIGAN (ANTI-CRIMINALITY
MASTERPLAN)
This Plan shall serve as the Master Plan in which

all plans and programs of the PNP shall conform
with and supplement. It shall prescribe the grand
strategy to be undertaken by PNP Offices and
personnel on crime prevention, control and
suppression, in the total fight against all forces of
criminality.
MISSION
The PNP shall implement a responsive and holistic

anti-crime strategy to effective prevent, control and
suppress the occurrences of crimes to insure
safety in our community.
OBJECTIVE
1. To reduce index crime rate

2. To improve response time
3. To improve crime solution efficiency
4. To increase conviction rate
5. To operationalize COPS through the Police
Community Precincts, for the 24-hour
community security coverage.
STRATEGIC CONCEPT
Improve the Police Security Service Package
Effective law enforcement and crime prevention and suppression

system.
Foremost among the means of effective law enforcement is the

wise utilization of all PNP available assets on the ground. One
tested and tried instrument is the Police Security Containment Ring
System (PSCRS), composed of the following five (5) major
components, deployment of which depends on their availability and
the situation on the ground:
a. The Innermost Containment Ring, which is composed of barangay
tanods, CVOs, NGOs, radio groups, fire/disaster/calamity volunteer
brigades that provide localized and needed police services to the
barangays.
b. The Inner Containment Ring, composed of the foot patrol elements are
in uniform for police visibility while the detective patrol component is in
“civilian” attire for police presence. Even if there are no uniformed
police around the people will still think that a police eye is watching
them because they will see police detectives in civilian causing the
arrest of crime perpetrators.
c. The third component is the Middle Containment Ring, which is

composed of bicycle or motorcycle-mounted patrols at control points
who shall patrol the residential areas and make the transport loading
and unloading areas as their standby points. This will prevent mugging
of commuters specially during nighttime.
d. The Outer Containment Ring is composed of designated
specialized units like the mobile patrols, which shall be
deployed at chokepoints. Their task is to prevent the
escape of fleeing criminal and react to call for police
assistance.
e. The fifth is the Outermost Containment Ring, where the

special police units (like the SWAT or anti-terrorist units)
and the mobile groups shall serve as security elements at
areas designated as strong points, where they can
immediately react to call for armed support to beleaguered
police personnel on the ground.
2. Adoption by police offices/stations of the Crime and Information
Management System, which will systematize the recording, retrieval
and analysis of crime data.
3. Deployment of dedicated Police Intelligence and Investigation

Teams for criminal gang/syndicates, terrorists, kidnappers, bank
robbers, carnappers and specific crime prone areas.
4. Aggressive Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign
5. Strengthening of the Programs for Public Safety and Internal

Security
6. Pursuing the objectives for Gender Awareness Development

SANDUGO (THE PNP ISO MASTER PLAN)
The insurgency problem, whether of the communist

or the secessionist type, has social, economic,
political and security dimensions. The security part,
as manifested by armed guerilla activities, is the
most visible sign or symptom of the problem.
SANGYAMAN (PNP’s MASTERPLAN TO HELP
PROTECT AND PRESERVE OUR
ENVIRONMENT, CULTURAL PROPERTIES AND
NATURAL RESOURCES)
This master plan prescribes the guidelines to be
followed by tasked PNP Units/Offices in assisting lead
government agencies in the enforcement of laws over
Philippine territorial waters, lakes, rivers, mountain ranges,
forest, to include laws and ordinances that have been set
forth to preserve, protect and enhance our environment
and natural resources, in close coordination with the
Department of the Environment and Natural Resources,
Department of Agriculture, National Museum and other
tasked government agencies and non-government
organizations.
SANGBANAT PNP’s MASTER PLAN ON
CAMPAIGN AGAINST ILLEGAL DRUGS
This master plan sets forth the concept of

operations, operational guidelines and tasks of all
PNP units/offices in the total fight against illegal
drugs; integrating/orchestrating the activities of all
concerned National Government Agencies (NGAs)
in the conduct of antiillegal drug campaign at the
national down to barangay levels.
LOI /01 SANGINGAT-MILENYO (The PNP’s
Master Plan on Security Coverage in the 3rd
Millennium)
This Master Plan sets forth the strategic concepts and

operational guidelines, as well as contingency plan to
ensure the maintenance of peace and order during the
year-round observance of holidays, which involves great
concern on movement of the citizens, international,
national and local meeting/conferences/events, and
rallies/mass action in protest to wide range of issues.
SAKLOLO-MILENYO (The PNP’s Disaster Plan
in the 3rd Millennium)
This Letter of Instructions sets forth the strategic

concepts, operational guidelines and coordinating
instructions to be undertaken by PNP Offices and
personnel on disaster management. With this Letter
of Instructions, the action that will be undertaken by
the concerned PNP units/offices will be as
responsive and possible with the support of the
government agencies and the community.
PNP POLICE OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
General Procedures for Police Operations
Regardless of the type of function to be perform

and/or police operations to be conducted, all PNP
personnel must know by heart and shall comply
and apply the following procedures:
Police blotter
Is a 18 x 12 logbook with hard bound cover that
contains the daily register of all crimes incident report,
official summary of arrests, and other significant events
reported in a police station.
Police Uniform
All members of the police force reporting for duty shall
wear the proper uniform; the same shall be clean shaven,
neat and clean. The uniform shall conform to the
regulations by higher authority and shall be clean, well
pressed and worn neatly and buttoned.
Police Notebook and Pen

Every policeman on the beat, either on board on a
mobile car or on foot must carry with him at all times a
police notebook and pen
BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF POLICE INTERVENTION

OPERATIONS
All police intervention operations shall be conducted:
1. With a marked vehicle

2. Preferably led by a commissioned officer
3. With personnel in police uniform
Warning by use of megaphones
During actual police intervention operations, the team

leader shall any peaceful means including use of
megaphones or any other similar means, to influence or
warn the offender/suspect to stop and/or peacefully give
up.
Used of deadly force
The excessive use of force is prohibited. The use of

weapon is justified if the suspect poses imminent danger of
causing death or serious physical injury to the policeman
or other persons.
Elements of imminent danger:

1. Intent of the suspect to harm the policeman
2. The capability of the suspect to harm the policeman or
other persons.
3. Accessibility or the proximity of the suspect in harming
the policeman and other persons
Reasonable force
During an armed confrontation, the police shall use

reasonable force only to overcome the threat posed by the
suspect.
The reasonable of the force employed will depend upon

the nature and quality of the weapon used by the
aggressor, his physical condition, character, size and other
circumstances and also the place and occasion of the
assault.
Moving vehicles
Moving vehicles shall not be fired upon, except its

occupants poses imminent danger of causing death to the
policeman or other persons, and the use of firearm does
not create a danger to the public that far outweighs the
likely benefits of its use.
In firing upon a moving vehicle, the following parameters:
1. Intent of the fleeing suspects to harm the policeman or other persons

2. The capability of the fleeing suspects to really harm the policeman or other
persons.
3. Accessibility or the proximity of the fleeing suspects in harming the policeman
and other persons.
THINGS TO BE DONE AFTER AN ARMED

CONFRONTATION
1. Secure the site of confrontation

2. Take photographs
3. Check whether the situation still poses imminent danger
4. Evacuate the wounded to the nearest hospital and
5. Take proper action for the killed, wounded and arrested
persons.
PATROL GUIDELINES
1. Observe precautionary measures and personal safety while on

patrol
2. Defensive driving and must follow traffic rules and regulations
3. Use visible routes
4. Be observant
5. Conduct spot inquiry
6. Let the suspected individual remove and hand over his belongings
7. Be familiar of your beat
8. Be on alert on loiterers
9. Keep under close observation of juveniles or trouble makers
10. Practice the shaking doors
11. Be prepared to use firearms when checking suspecioups persons,
buildings and vehicles
12. Be familiar with all personnel who are permitted to stay in business
and establish good rapport.
13. Keep watched of unoccupied homes
14. Patrol members should avoid loitering in theaters and restaurant,
always apply aggressive patrol.
15. Develop contact
16. Always look out for indications of vices and other illegal activities in
his beat.
GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES WHEN RESPONDING

TO CALLS FOR POLICE ASSISTANCE
1. Note down the detail

2. Avoid reckless driving
3. The manner of approach will be dependent on the
nature of the call
4. Consider the pertinent factors as the time of the day,
condition of the traffic.
5. Approach the scene on the foot in complete silence
6. Stop the car some distant from the scene
7. Immediately attend to injured person
8. Make every effort to arrest criminal
9. Determine the type of crime committed.

10. When the suspects have fled, immediately relay same
to the station TOC with the complete description.
11. Do not attempt to arbitrate and resolve conflicts.
However you should allow both sides to tell their stories.
12. Call for back up in responding street fights
13. Do not touch or lift suspected explosives.
14. Inform the owner to put the light on first in responding
beerhouse, bars and inn.
PROTECTING AND PRESERVING THE CRIME SCENE
1. Arrive as soon as possible and record the pertinent

data.
2. Established police lines
3. Avoid touching
4. Look and protect adjacent areas to the scene where
firearms, footprints, etc. could be found
5. Look for presence of bloodstains
6. Turn over all initial information and evidence gathered
to the responding investigation.
PLANNING THE ARREST
This is the responsibility of the Team Leader or the Officer

acting in his absence
1. If the arresting party is composed of 2 or more

members, somebody must be placed in charge,
preferably the most experience.
2. Consider the arresting party and covering party.
3. Consider the protection of innocent by standers
4. Prevent the escape of subject
5. Make a discreet reconnaissance of the area.
6. Determine weapon needed.

7. Consider superiority of manpower and firepower
8. Make the plan simple enough to be understood by the
least experienced operative
9. Consider the element of surprise
10. Consider SPEED in the execution of plan
11. Consider over all coordination
12. Consider concealment or cover that might be available
both in effecting the arrest.
13. The briefing should ask the participants if they have
any question regarding the plan.
Procedures in Serving Warrant of Arrest
1. Verify the validity of the warrant and request for an

authenticated copy to issuing court.
2. In serving the warrant, the police officer should introduce
himself and show proper identification.
3. Make a manifestation of authority against the person to
be arrested.
4. Break in to residence if refused to entry.
5. Police officer need to have a copy of a warrant in his
possession at the time of the arrest.
6. Inform the arrested person of his rights
7. Secure the person arrested

8. Conduct thorough search for weapons and other illegal
materials
9. In all cases, no force, violence a shall be used in making
arrest
10. Confiscated evidence shall be properly documented
11. Bring the arrested person to the Police Station
12. Submit Return of Warrant to the court of origin; and
13. Deliver the arrested person to jail upon court issuance
of a commitment order.
SEARCH AND SEIZURES
The following properties may be the objects of a search

warrant:
1. Properties which are subject of the offense
2. Stolen, embezzled proceeds, or fruits of the crime
3. Objects including weapons, equipment and other items
used or intended to be used as the means of
committing an offense.
PROHIBITED ACTS IN THE CONDUCT OF SEARCH BY

VIRTUE OF A SEARCH WARRANT
1. Two witnesses rule

2. Search only on what is prescribed in the search
warrant.

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Management: Planning and As A Management Function

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PLANNING AND AS A MANAGEMENT FUNCTION

-is defined as the use of people and other

Four Basic Functions of Management

Four Basic Functions of Management

Planning – can be defined as the process by

Organizing – is the process of obtaining and

Leading – is a critical activity in all

Controlling – can be defined as the continual

Planning can be defined as the process by

It also includes determing appropriate

Deciding in advance what is to be done and

Experiences, good researches and

A document method by which a thing should

Plan should be writted down. Otherwise there

A listing of course of action by a tasked group

The plan may be implemented by an

Formal act of process of making a plan.

It is writing down what you want to do, how

1. A goal – what do you want to attain?

Careful planning should result in the

1. People become more PRO-Active not just

It is the best to solve a problem before it

2. Doing more with less

PNP resources are always not enough. Hence,

3. Foundation of your work

A plan establishes the basis for what you are

4. Helps make you people become more

When peole know what you want to do, how

5. Reflects your competence

Your experience and traing will be reflected

6. Give the strategic and tactical advantage

A well formulated and instituted plan allows

1. Good analytical thinking

You have to know the situation. You have to

Seeing ahead and making sound assumptions.

Compare your sources/capabilities with your

4. Sound objective setting

Know where you are going and how to get

5. Contingency Planning and Crisis

A contingency plan represents your efforts to

Identifying success indicators and follow-up

Try to see the progress of your plan. Make a

If you have not written it, then you have not

Adjust plans to resources. Be realistic. Do not

Refers to the capability of the commander to

1. Define the over all purpose or goal

6. Develop a forecast plan

13. Make sure that your implementation supports

What: Ironically, the first and most crucial steps is

How: A well defined purpose or goal takes some

1. States in broad terms what desired outcome is.

It is the process of determining the

Strategic Plan Technologies

Strengths – organization advantage and capability

Focus on what the organization will be

The final step in the planning hierarchy

People will understand how to do it

You have to know what has been said

Move with your resources. Do not use

It must be accomplished within a

Dont let the plan forever to achieve its

Present your plan

Do not keep your plan to yourself. Let