“Influence of Voters Demographic on critical party

choice in Punjab”

Presenting by

Laiphrakpam Bijeta Devi - 11909287

Jyoti Pathak - 11910540
Simran Wadhwa – 11906871
Diksha - 11910982
 Introduction
• Politics is governed primarily by two parties in re-organised present-day Punjab, i.e. "Shiromani
Akali Dal" and" Indian National Congress. The percentage of female voters was noticeably higher
than that of male voters in the latest 2017 Punjab Assembly election. While many women voters
were enthusiastically engaged in the electoral process but they were hardly given a chance by
major political parties over the period. Punjab's voting behavior is coloured by its local history.

• Biradari can be described as a rigid social structure in which, generation after generation, a social
order is maintained. According to rural behavior, only those biradaries are considered reliable who
has majority people. It means people cast their ballots for a candidate endorsed by baradari only.
So, voter's voting decision is a conscious decision-making process from a collection of personal
interests.
 Continued…

• Political advertising is an essential means of contact between the parties and the public, since a
campaign can allow them to access valuable party information. Cho (2013) showed that a
number of emotions about the candidates are produced by various modes of political campaign
and the amount of these emotions influence the possibility and essence of political discourse.

• Even age influence in voting decision such as, young people who are the most disengaged in
voting matters due to lack of trust or knowledge about the political leaders and many other
factors. Just like religion has the power to influenced belief system and can impact an
individual’s political perceptions which formulate their voting behavior.
 Research Gap

Certain contextual considerations such as political

philosophy, party leadership and young people's
unfavourable assessments were overlooked.

Thus aims to address this vacuum in the literature with

an up-to-date analysis of the effect on political party
preference of demographic variables and their
landscape.
 Problem Statement
To understand those influencing factors or variables, it is necessary to study the
following issues which wasn’t addressed in previous studies:

• To study the views of political experts,

• To assess the increase or decrease in importance of religion,
• Finding additional steps on religious attitudes and religiosity to fully disentangle the
connection between faith, attitudes and preference of voters.
 Need & Scope of the Study

• It became very important for the political parties to understand voters perception to
manipulate and forecast their voting behavior.

• In recent years, as elections have evolved in many nations, a variety of studies concentrate
on selecting parties and candidates, along with different determinants for those choices, and
out of these, electorate demographics are the most important.

• Such study will encourage them to draw up a more precise political marketing plan.
 Objectives

• Studying the effect of demographic factors on the preference of political

parties.

• Studying the population landscape and the Punjab election situation.

 Research Methodology
Research: It includes descriptions of the method used to collect the data required to
structure and solve the study problem. The foundation for conducting the research project
will be created.

Research Design: It is a blueprint that will be used in research work to understand the
detailed procedure for obtaining the information required to solve research problems.

Sample Size & Selection: Sample size refers to part of population and can be define with an
example, as we have taken demographic, in which we have consider gender, age, nationality,
ethnicity, etc so here sample size is on the basis of all these factors.
To conduct this study and to collect data, samples are selected on the basis of Random
Sampling technique and Convenience Sampling technique.
 Continued…

Search Instrument: For the study, the collection of primary data is done using questionnaire
which will include different variables which are identified while going through different
literatures.

Validity & Reliability of the Instrument: Reliability refers to the consistent factor of the
instrument’s result and some common measures of reliability are internal consistency, test-retest,
inter-rater and Cronbach’s alpha.
Validity refers to the accuracy of what it intends to measure and there are three common types
that can be consider to measure validity which are content, construct and criterion validities.
 Continued…
Sample Description: A sample is nothing but a smaller set of data or part of data that are
selected from a larger population by using a pre-defined selection method. The elements are
known as observations, sample points or sampling units. Sample creation is very crucial to
conduct research efficiently.

Statistical tools used: To carry out a study, statistical methods are involved which includes
planning, designing, collecting data, analyzing, drawing meaningful interpretation and
reporting of the research findings. Analyzing the statistics will provide accurate meaning to
the lifeless data, thus it is very important to follow the methods effectively.
THANK YOU