CE 315

DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES-I

3 Hours per Week
No. of Credit: 3.0

Two-Way Slabs L
E
C
By T
Prof. Dr. Md. Saiful Islam U
R
E

Department of Civil Engineering 12

Chittagong University of Engineering &
Technology
 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION
 Two-way slab action is obtained when the
edges of slab are supported by stiff edge
beams in all sides or when the length to
width ratio is greater than or equal to two,
as discussed earlier (figure 01).

 To visualize the flexural performance of a

slab supported along its four edges by
relatively deep, stiff, monolithic concrete
beams as shown in figure 02; it is
convenient to think of it as consisting of two
sets of parallel strips, in each of the two
directions, intersecting each other.
 Two-Way Slabs

TYPES OF SLABS
Difference Between One-Way & Two-Way
Slab
FIGURE 01
  When,

One-Way
Slab
  When,

Two-Way
Slab
 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION
   Evidently, part of the load is carried by one
set and transmitted to one pair of edge
supports, and the remainder by the other.
 Figure 02 shows the two center strips of a
rectangular plate with short span and long
span .
 If the uniform load is per square foot of the
slab, each of the two strips acts
approximately like a simple beam uniformly
loaded by its share of .
 Because these imaginary strips actually are
part of the same monolithic slab, their
deflections at the intersection point must be
 Bond, Anchorage & Development Length

TYPES OF SLABS

𝒍𝒂
 
𝒍𝒃
 

𝒉
 

FIGURE 02 Bending of Center Strips of Slab

 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION
   Equating the center deflections of the short
and long strips gives-

Where,
is the share of the load carried in the short
direction and is the share of the load carried in
the long direction.
Consequently,
 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION
  When,

Then,

Or,

That is, the load carried in the short direction is

sixteen times the load carried in the long
direction.
 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION
 The largest moment in the slab occurs at
mid span of the short direction.
 Hence, a variation of short-span moment
occurs in the long direction of the span.
 Similarly, the long-span moment is
maximum at mid span and a variation
occurs at short direction.
 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION

 𝒍 𝒂  𝒍 𝒃 𝑴
  𝒂 𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒈 𝟏 −𝟏

𝟐
   𝟏

 𝑴 𝒂 , 𝒎𝒂𝒙
 𝟏
𝟐
 
 

FIGURE 03a Moments & Moment variations in a

uniformly loaded slab with simple supports on four
sides
 Two-Way Slabs

INTRODUCTION

 𝒍 𝒂  
 𝑴 𝒃 , 𝒎𝒂𝒙
 𝒍 𝒃
𝟐
   𝟏

 𝟏
𝟐
 
𝑴
  𝒃 𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒈 𝟐 −𝟐

FIGURE 03b Moments & Moment variations in a

uniformly loaded slab with simple supports on four
sides
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Design Methods
 The analysis and design of two-way slabs
can be accomplished by any of the
following methods-

1. Moment Co-efficient Method

2. Direct Design Method
3. Equivalent Frame Method
4. Yield Line Method
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
 Originally developed by Marcus.
 Has been used extensively since 1963.
 Not a part of the 199 or later ACI Codes, but
still its use is permissible under the current
code provision (ACI Code 13.5.1).
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
   The method makes use of tables of moment
coefficients for a variety of conditions.
 The moments in the middle strips in the two
directions are computed from-

Where,
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
 The method provides that each panel be
divided in both directions into a middle strip
whose width is one-half that of the panel
and two edge or column strips of one-
quarter of the panel width (figure 04).
 It is provided that the entire middle strip be
designed for the full, tabulated design
moment.
 In the edge strips, this moment is assumed
to decrease from its full value at the edge of
the middle strip to one-third of this value at
the edge of the panel.
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
 𝟏 𝑴
𝟑 𝒂 , 𝒎𝒂𝒙  𝒍 𝒂  𝒍 𝒃
 

𝟐
   𝟏

 𝒍 𝒃
𝟒
 𝟏
 𝑴 𝒂 , 𝒎𝒂𝒙  𝟐  𝒍 𝒂
𝟒
  𝟏
  𝑴
 𝒍 𝒃  𝒍 𝒂 𝟑 𝒂 , 𝒎𝒂𝒙
𝟒 𝟒
FIGURE 04 Moment variations across the width of critical
sections assumed for design
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
Continuous and Discontinuous Edges
 The magnitudes of both positive and
negative moments depend on the conditions
of continuity at all four edges.
 At a continuous edge in a slab, moments are
negative.
 The continuity is shown in figure 05.
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
Continuous and Discontinuous Edges
Panel A: Two
discontinuous exterior
edges with other two
being continuous.
Panel B: One
discontinuous exterior
edge with other three
being continuous.
Panel C: All edges
continuous. FIGURE 05
Plan of a typical two-way
slab floor with beams on
column lines
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
The Moment Coefficients
1. Coefficients for Negative Moments
2. Coefficients for Dead Load Positive
Moments
3. Coefficients for Live Load Positive
Moments
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

1. Coefficients for Negative Moments
𝟐
𝑴
  𝒂 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈=𝑪 𝒂 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈 𝒘 𝒍 𝒂
𝟐 𝒘=𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥
  𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐩𝐥𝐮𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝
𝑴
  𝒃 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈=𝑪 𝒃 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈 𝒘 𝒍 𝒃
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.045 0.050 0.075 0.071 0.033 0.061
1.00
0.045 0.076 0.050 0.071 0.061 0.033
0.050 0.055 0.079 0.075 0.038 0.065
0.95
0.041 0.072 0.045 0.067 0.056 0.029
0.055 0.060 0.080 0.079 0.043 0.068
0.90
0.037 0.070 0.040 0.062 0.052 0.025
0.060 0.066 0.082 0.083 0.049 0.072
0.85
0.031 0.065 0.034 0.057 0.046 0.021
0.065 0.071 0.083 0.086 0.055 0.075
0.80
0.027 0.061 0.029 0.051 0.041 0.017
0.069 0.076 0.085 0.088 0.061 0.078
0.75
0.022 0.056 0.024 0.044 0.036 0.014
0.074 0.081 0.086 0.091 0.068 0.081
0.70
0.017 0.050 0.019 0.038 0.029 0.011
0.077 0.085 0.087 0.093 0.074 0.083
0.65
0.014 0.043 0.015 0.031 0.024 0.008
0.081 0.089 0.088 0.095 0.080 0.085
0.60
0.010 0.035 0.011 0.024 0.018 0.006
0.084 0.092 0.089 0.096 0.085 0.086
0.55
0.007 0.028 0.008 0.019 0.014 0.005
0.086 0.094 0.090 0.097 0.089 0.088
0.50
0.006 0.022 0.006 0.014 0.010 0.003
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

2. Coefficients for Dead Load Positive Moments
𝟐
𝑴
  𝒂 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔, 𝒅𝒍 =𝑪 𝒂 ,𝒅𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒂
𝟐  𝒘 =𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝
𝑴
  𝒃 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔, 𝒅𝒍 =𝑪 𝒃 ,𝒅𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒃
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.036 0.018 0.018 0.027 0.027 0.033 0.027 0.020 0.023
1.00
0.036 0.018 0.027 0.027 0.018 0.027 0.033 0.023 0.020
0.040 0.020 0.021 0.030 0.028 0.036 0.031 0.022 0.024
0.95
0.033 0.016 0.025 0.024 0.015 0.024 0.031 0.021 0.017
0.045 0.022 0.025 0.033 0.029 0.039 0.035 0.025 0.026
0.90
0.029 0.014 0.024 0.022 0.013 0.021 0.028 0.019 0.015
0.050 0.024 0.029 0.036 0.031 0.042 0.040 0.029 0.028
0.85
0.026 0.012 0.022 0.019 0.011 0.017 0.025 0.017 0.013
0.056 0.026 0.034 0.039 0.032 0.045 0.045 0.032 0.029
0.80
0.023 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.009 0.015 0.022 0.015 0.010
0.061 0.028 0.040 0.043 0.033 0.048 0.051 0.036 0.031
0.75
0.019 0.009 0.018 0.013 0.007 0.012 0.020 0.013 0.007
0.068 0.030 0.046 0.046 0.035 0.051 0.058 0.040 0.033
0.70
0.016 0.007 0.016 0.011 0.005 0.009 0.017 0.011 0.006
0.074 0.032 0.054 0.050 0.036 0.054 0.065 0.044 0.034
0.65
0.013 0.006 0.014 0.009 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.009 0.005
0.081 0.034 0.062 0.053 0.037 0.056 0.073 0.048 0.036
0.60
0.010 0.004 0.011 0.007 0.003 0.006 0.012 0.007 0.004
0.088 0.035 0.071 0.056 0.038 0.058 0.081 0.052 0.037
0.55
0.008 0.003 0.009 0.005 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.005 0.003
0.095 0.037 0.080 0.059 0.039 0.061 0.089 0.056 0.038
0.50
0.006 0.002 0.007 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.007 0.004 0.002
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

3. Coefficients for Live Load Positive Moments
𝟐
𝑴
  𝒂 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔,𝒍𝒍 =𝑪𝒂 ,𝒍𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒂
𝟐  𝒘 =𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝
𝑴
  𝒃 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔,𝒍𝒍 =𝑪𝒃 ,𝒍𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒃
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.036 0.027 0.027 0.032 0.032 0.035 0.032 0.028 0.030
1.00
0.036 0.027 0.032 0.032 0.027 0.032 0.035 0.030 0.028
0.040 0.030 0.031 0.035 0.034 0.038 0.036 0.031 0.032
0.95
0.033 0.025 0.029 0.029 0.024 0.029 0.032 0.027 0.025
0.045 0.034 0.035 0.039 0.037 0.042 0.040 0.035 0.036
0.90
0.029 0.022 0.027 0.026 0.021 0.025 0.029 0.024 0.022
0.050 0.037 0.040 0.043 0.041 0.046 0.045 0.040 0.039
0.85
0.026 0.019 0.024 0.023 0.019 0.022 0.026 0.022 0.020
0.056 0.041 0.045 0.048 0.044 0.051 0.051 0.044 0.042
0.80
0.023 0.017 0.022 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.023 0.019 0.017
0.061 0.045 0.051 0.052 0.047 0.055 0.056 0.049 0.046
0.75
0.019 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.016 0.013
0.068 0.049 0.057 0.057 0.051 0.060 0.063 0.054 0.050
0.70
0.016 0.012 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.017 0.014 0.011
0.074 0.053 0.064 0.062 0.055 0.064 0.070 0.059 0.054
0.65
0.013 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.009 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.009
0.081 0.058 0.071 0.067 0.059 0.068 0.077 0.065 0.059
0.60
0.010 0.007 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.011 0.009 0.007
0.088 0.062 0.080 0.072 0.063 0.073 0.085 0.070 0.063
0.55
0.008 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.005 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.006
0.095 0.066 0.088 0.077 0.067 0.078 0.092 0.076 0.067
0.50
0.006 0.004 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.007 0.005 0.004
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

  Ratio of load W in and directions for shear in slab
and load on supports
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.50 0.50 0.17 0.50 0.83 0.71 0.29 0.33 0.67
1.00
0.50 0.50 0.83 0.50 0.17 0.29 0.71 0.67 0.33
0.55 0.55 0.20 0.55 0.86 0.75 0.33 0.38 0.71
0.95
0.45 0.45 0.80 0.45 0.14 0.25 0.67 0.62 0.29
0.60 0.60 0.23 0.60 0.88 0.79 0.38 0.43 0.75
0.90
0.40 0.40 0.77 0.40 0.12 0.21 0.62 0.57 0.25
0.66 0.66 0.28 0.66 0.90 0.83 0.43 0.49 0.79
0.85
0.34 0.34 0.72 0.34 0.10 0.17 0.57 0.51 0.21
0.71 0.71 0.33 0.71 0.92 0.86 0.49 0.55 0.83
0.80
0.29 0.29 0.67 0.29 0.08 0.14 0.51 0.45 0.17
0.76 0.76 0.39 0.76 0.94 0.88 0.56 0.61 0.86
0.75
0.24 0.24 0.61 0.24 0.06 0.12 0.44 0.39 0.14
0.81 0.81 0.45 0.81 0.95 0.91 0.62 0.68 0.89
0.70
0.19 0.19 0.55 0.19 0.05 0.09 0.38 0.32 0.11
0.85 0.85 0.53 0.85 0.96 0.93 0.69 0.74 0.92
0.65
0.15 0.15 0.47 0.15 0.04 0.07 0.31 0.26 0.08
0.89 0.89 0.61 0.89 0.97 0.95 0.76 0.80 0.94
0.60
0.11 0.11 0.39 0.11 0.03 0.05 0.24 0.20 0.06
0.92 0.92 0.69 0.92 0.98 0.96 0.81 0.85 0.95
0.55
0.08 0.08 0.31 0.08 0.02 0.04 0.19 0.15 0.05
0.94 0.94 0.76 0.94 0.99 0.97 0.86 0.89 0.97
0.50
0.06 0.06 0.24 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.14 0.11 0.03
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
The Moment Coefficients
 In the tables, a crosshatched edge indicates
continuity or fixed support; an unmarked
edge indicates a support at which torsional
resistance is negligible.
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
Corner Reinforcement
 At exterior corners of a two-way slab
system, twisting moments tend to crack the
slab at the bottom along the panel diagonal,
and at the top perpendicular to the panel
diagonal.

 Special reinforcement should be provided at

exterior corners in both bottom and top of
the slab, for a distance in each direction
from the corner equal to one-fifth the longer
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method
Corner Reinforcement
 The reinforcement at the top should be
parallel to the diagonal from the corner,
while at the bottom should be perpendicular
to the diagonal.
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

Moment Co-efficient Method

FIGURE 06
Special
reinforcement at
exterior corner of a
beam supported two-
way slab
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
A monolithic beam supported concrete slab has
to carry a service live load of 150 psf
uniformly distributed over its surface. The
supporting beams have width of 12 in. and
depth of 24 in. Design the slab.
Given:
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Determine the minimum thickness of the
slab

Minimum thickness-

Determine the self weight of the slab

Self weight-
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Determine the factored load

Determine the ratio of the panel sides

The clear span dimension for the panel is 20’ X

25’
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

1. Coefficients for Negative Moments
𝟐
𝑴
  𝒂 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈=𝑪 𝒂 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈 𝒘 𝒍 𝒂
𝟐 𝒘=𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥
  𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐩𝐥𝐮𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝
𝑴
  𝒃 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈=𝑪 𝒃 , 𝒏𝒆𝒈 𝒘 𝒍 𝒃
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.045 0.050 0.075 0.071 0.033 0.061
1.00
0.045 0.076 0.050 0.071 0.061 0.033
0.050 0.055 0.079 0.075 0.038 0.065
0.95
0.041 0.072 0.045 0.067 0.056 0.029
0.055 0.060 0.080 0.079 0.043 0.068
0.90
0.037 0.070 0.040 0.062 0.052 0.025
0.060 0.066 0.082 0.083 0.049 0.072
0.85
0.031 0.065 0.034 0.057 0.046 0.021
0.065 0.071 0.083 0.086 0.055 0.075
0.80
0.027 0.061 0.029 0.051 0.041 0.017
0.069 0.076 0.085 0.088 0.061 0.078
0.75
0.022 0.056 0.024 0.044 0.036 0.014
0.074 0.081 0.086 0.091 0.068 0.081
0.70
0.017 0.050 0.019 0.038 0.029 0.011
0.077 0.085 0.087 0.093 0.074 0.083
0.65
0.014 0.043 0.015 0.031 0.024 0.008
0.081 0.089 0.088 0.095 0.080 0.085
0.60
0.010 0.035 0.011 0.024 0.018 0.006
0.084 0.092 0.089 0.096 0.085 0.086
0.55
0.007 0.028 0.008 0.019 0.014 0.005
0.086 0.094 0.090 0.097 0.089 0.088
0.50
0.006 0.022 0.006 0.014 0.010 0.003
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

2. Coefficients for Dead Load Positive Moments
𝟐
𝑴
  𝒂 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔, 𝒅𝒍 =𝑪 𝒂 ,𝒅𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒂
𝟐  𝒘 =𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝
𝑴
  𝒃 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔, 𝒅𝒍 =𝑪 𝒃 ,𝒅𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒃
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.036 0.018 0.018 0.027 0.027 0.033 0.027 0.020 0.023
1.00
0.036 0.018 0.027 0.027 0.018 0.027 0.033 0.023 0.020
0.040 0.020 0.021 0.030 0.028 0.036 0.031 0.022 0.024
0.95
0.033 0.016 0.025 0.024 0.015 0.024 0.031 0.021 0.017
0.045 0.022 0.025 0.033 0.029 0.039 0.035 0.025 0.026
0.90
0.029 0.014 0.024 0.022 0.013 0.021 0.028 0.019 0.015
0.050 0.024 0.029 0.036 0.031 0.042 0.040 0.029 0.028
0.85
0.026 0.012 0.022 0.019 0.011 0.017 0.025 0.017 0.013
0.056 0.026 0.034 0.039 0.032 0.045 0.045 0.032 0.029
0.80
0.023 0.011 0.020 0.016 0.009 0.015 0.022 0.015 0.010
0.061 0.028 0.040 0.043 0.033 0.048 0.051 0.036 0.031
0.75
0.019 0.009 0.018 0.013 0.007 0.012 0.020 0.013 0.007
0.068 0.030 0.046 0.046 0.035 0.051 0.058 0.040 0.033
0.70
0.016 0.007 0.016 0.011 0.005 0.009 0.017 0.011 0.006
0.074 0.032 0.054 0.050 0.036 0.054 0.065 0.044 0.034
0.65
0.013 0.006 0.014 0.009 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.009 0.005
0.081 0.034 0.062 0.053 0.037 0.056 0.073 0.048 0.036
0.60
0.010 0.004 0.011 0.007 0.003 0.006 0.012 0.007 0.004
0.088 0.035 0.071 0.056 0.038 0.058 0.081 0.052 0.037
0.55
0.008 0.003 0.009 0.005 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.005 0.003
0.095 0.037 0.080 0.059 0.039 0.061 0.089 0.056 0.038
0.50
0.006 0.002 0.007 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.007 0.004 0.002
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

3. Coefficients for Live Load Positive Moments
𝟐
𝑴
  𝒂 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔,𝒍𝒍 =𝑪𝒂 ,𝒍𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒂
𝟐  𝒘 =𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐥𝐨𝐚𝐝
𝑴
  𝒃 , 𝒑𝒐𝒔,𝒍𝒍 =𝑪𝒃 ,𝒍𝒍 𝒘 𝒍 𝒃
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.036 0.027 0.027 0.032 0.032 0.035 0.032 0.028 0.030
1.00
0.036 0.027 0.032 0.032 0.027 0.032 0.035 0.030 0.028
0.040 0.030 0.031 0.035 0.034 0.038 0.036 0.031 0.032
0.95
0.033 0.025 0.029 0.029 0.024 0.029 0.032 0.027 0.025
0.045 0.034 0.035 0.039 0.037 0.042 0.040 0.035 0.036
0.90
0.029 0.022 0.027 0.026 0.021 0.025 0.029 0.024 0.022
0.050 0.037 0.040 0.043 0.041 0.046 0.045 0.040 0.039
0.85
0.026 0.019 0.024 0.023 0.019 0.022 0.026 0.022 0.020
0.056 0.041 0.045 0.048 0.044 0.051 0.051 0.044 0.042
0.80
0.023 0.017 0.022 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.023 0.019 0.017
0.061 0.045 0.051 0.052 0.047 0.055 0.056 0.049 0.046
0.75
0.019 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.016 0.013
0.068 0.049 0.057 0.057 0.051 0.060 0.063 0.054 0.050
0.70
0.016 0.012 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.013 0.017 0.014 0.011
0.074 0.053 0.064 0.062 0.055 0.064 0.070 0.059 0.054
0.65
0.013 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.009 0.010 0.014 0.011 0.009
0.081 0.058 0.071 0.067 0.059 0.068 0.077 0.065 0.059
0.60
0.010 0.007 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.011 0.009 0.007
0.088 0.062 0.080 0.072 0.063 0.073 0.085 0.070 0.063
0.55
0.008 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.005 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.006
0.095 0.066 0.088 0.077 0.067 0.078 0.092 0.076 0.067
0.50
0.006 0.004 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.007 0.005 0.004
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Determine the Moment Coefficients
The present case is CASE 4
For Negative Moments

For Positive Moments

 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Determine the Moments
Negative Moments at Continuous Edges

Positive Moments
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Determine the Moments
Negative Moments at Discontinuous Edges (1/3 X
Positive Moments)
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Check the Required Depth

For this ratio-

 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Check the Required Depth

For Short Direction

For Long Direction

 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Determine the Required Reinforcement
Area
MID SPAN
At Short Direction
6012 lb-ft

267

0.0048

Selected
Selected Bar
Bar #4
#4
Required
Required Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing 8”
8”
Minimum
Minimum Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing max(3h,
max(3h, 18”)
18”) 18”
18”
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Determine the Required Reinforcement
Area
At Short DirectionCONTINUOUS EDGE
9372 lb-ft

417

0.0076

Selected
Selected Bar
Bar #4
#4
Required
Required Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing 5”
5”
Minimum
Minimum Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing max(3h,
max(3h, 18”)
18”) 18”
18”
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Determine the Required Reinforcement
Area
DISCONTINUOUS EDGE
At Short Direction
2004 lb-ft

89

0.0015

Selected
Selected Bar
Bar #4
#4
Required
Required Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing 18”
18”
Minimum
Minimum Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing max(3h,
max(3h, 18”)
18”) 18”
18”
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Determine the Required Reinforcement
Area
MID SPAN
At Long Direction
3900 lb-ft

214

0.0038

Selected
Selected Bar
Bar #4
#4
Required
Required Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing 11”
11”
Minimum
Minimum Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing max(3h,
max(3h, 18”)
18”) 18”
18”
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Determine the Required Reinforcement
Area
At Long DirectionCONTINUOUS EDGE
5981 lb-ft

328

0.0059

Selected
Selected Bar
Bar #4
#4
Required
Required Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing 7.5”
7.5”
Minimum
Minimum Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing max(3h,
max(3h, 18”)
18”) 18”
18”
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Determine the Required Reinforcement
Area
DISCONTINUOUS EDGE
At Long Direction
1300 lb-ft

71

0.0013

Selected
Selected Bar
Bar #4
#4
Required
Required Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing 18”
18”
Minimum
Minimum Bar
Bar Spacing
Spacing max(3h,
max(3h, 18”)
18”) 18”
18”
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
 
Check the Requirement for Shear
Ratio of load W in and directions for shear in
slab and load on supports for Case 4-

 The total load on the panel  The shear strength of the

slab is
The load per foot on the
short beam Which is well above the
required shear strength

The load per foot on the

long beam
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLABS

  Ratio of load W in and directions for shear in slab
and load on supports
Ratio Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8 Case 9
𝒍𝒂
 
𝒎=
𝒍𝒃
0.50 0.50 0.17 0.50 0.83 0.71 0.29 0.33 0.67
1.00
0.50 0.50 0.83 0.50 0.17 0.29 0.71 0.67 0.33
0.55 0.55 0.20 0.55 0.86 0.75 0.33 0.38 0.71
0.95
0.45 0.45 0.80 0.45 0.14 0.25 0.67 0.62 0.29
0.60 0.60 0.23 0.60 0.88 0.79 0.38 0.43 0.75
0.90
0.40 0.40 0.77 0.40 0.12 0.21 0.62 0.57 0.25
0.66 0.66 0.28 0.66 0.90 0.83 0.43 0.49 0.79
0.85
0.34 0.34 0.72 0.34 0.10 0.17 0.57 0.51 0.21
0.71 0.71 0.33 0.71 0.92 0.86 0.49 0.55 0.83
0.80
0.29 0.29 0.67 0.29 0.08 0.14 0.51 0.45 0.17
0.76 0.76 0.39 0.76 0.94 0.88 0.56 0.61 0.86
0.75
0.24 0.24 0.61 0.24 0.06 0.12 0.44 0.39 0.14
0.81 0.81 0.45 0.81 0.95 0.91 0.62 0.68 0.89
0.70
0.19 0.19 0.55 0.19 0.05 0.09 0.38 0.32 0.11
0.85 0.85 0.53 0.85 0.96 0.93 0.69 0.74 0.92
0.65
0.15 0.15 0.47 0.15 0.04 0.07 0.31 0.26 0.08
0.89 0.89 0.61 0.89 0.97 0.95 0.76 0.80 0.94
0.60
0.11 0.11 0.39 0.11 0.03 0.05 0.24 0.20 0.06
0.92 0.92 0.69 0.92 0.98 0.96 0.81 0.85 0.95
0.55
0.08 0.08 0.31 0.08 0.02 0.04 0.19 0.15 0.05
0.94 0.94 0.76 0.94 0.99 0.97 0.86 0.89 0.97
0.50
0.06 0.06 0.24 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.14 0.11 0.03
 Two-Way Slabs

DESIGN EXAMPLE BY MOMENT

COEFFICIENT
Example 01
METHOD
Sketch the Reinforcement Detailing
𝟓  ′

𝐒𝐇𝐎𝐑𝐓
  𝐃𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
𝟓 𝐜 / 𝐜   𝐭𝐨�
𝟓  ′

¿𝟒@
 
¿𝟒@
  𝟖 𝐜 / 𝐜   𝐛𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐨�
¿𝟒@
  𝟏𝟖 𝐜 / 𝐜   𝐭𝐨�
𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐆
  𝐃𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍
¿𝟒@
  𝟕.𝟓 𝐜 / 𝐜   𝐭𝐨�
¿𝟒@
  𝟏𝟏 𝐜 / 𝐜   𝐛𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐨�
¿𝟒@
  𝟏𝟖 𝐜 / 𝐜   𝐭𝐨�