TOPIC:

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE
OF DIFFERENT SPECIES,
SEXUAL MATURITY
MADE BY:
Uttam Kumar Roy
Roll:102
Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Gono Bishwabidyalay
Female Reproductive system
• Ovaries:-
 Produce egg
 Egg contains ½ of genetic
makeup
• Oviducts:-
 Site of fertilization
 Transport embryos to
uterus
• Uterus:-
 Site of embryonic development during gestation
Female Reproductive system
• Cervix:
 Connects uterus and
vagina
 Serve as barrier during
pregnancy
• Vagina:
 Female organ of copulation at mating
 Opening of bladder
• Vulva:
 External opening of reproductive system
Events of Reproduction
• Puberty-Age at which reproductive organs become
functional
Female –Reproduction process occurs within:
Estrous cycle –Repetitive cycle occurring when
pregnancy does not
Estrus-Heat or receptivity to mating
• Fertilization : Egg & Sperm unite
• Gestation- Length of time of pregnancy
• Parturition- Act of giving birth.
Puberty
• Time at which animals reach a level of sexual maturity
that will sustain reproduction .
• Not best time to breed animal, not fully mature
Age of Puberty
• Cattle 6 to 12 Months
• Sheep 5 to 7 Months
• Goat 5 to 7Months
• Swine 4 to 8 Months
• Horses 12 to 15 Months
• Cats 6 months
• Dogs 6 to 24 months
 Phases of the Estrus Cycle
• Estrus
• Metestrus
• Diestrus
• proestrus
Estrus (heat)
• Estrus is the period of time the female will stand to be
ridden by another animal or is receptive to be mated by
the bull.
• Average length of Estrus is 12 to 18 hours.
• Ovulation normally occurs 10 to 12 hours after the end of
estrus

Note : Ovulation occurs 10-12 hours after the end of estrus.

Metestrus
• Metestrus is the period immediately following estrus and
ovulation .
• Characterized by the formation of Corpus Luteum.
• Ovulated eggs are picked up by the oviducts and
transported to the uterine horns.
• 2-4 days after Estrus lasting for 3 days.
Diestrus
• Diestrus is the most lengthy period of the estrus cycle
which is the period of corpus luteum function.
• The corpus luteum produces large amount of
Progesterone that will affect mammary development and
uterine growth.
• The corpus luteum continues throughout pregnancy.
• If pregnancy does not occur the corpus luteum will
degenerate after approximately 15 days.
Proestrus
• Proestrus is the period just prior to estrus (heat)
Regression of CL.
• Estrogens secreted by the ovaries ( Rapid Follicle
Growth) which stimulate blood supply tract causing
swelling and reddening of the vulva.
• Animals may show increased excitability but not the stage
of actual mating.
Estrous Cycle
• Cattle :polyestrous(cycle throughout year)
• Sheep: seasonal(decreasing light, fall)
• Swine: polyestrous(cycle throughout year)
• Horse: seasonal(increasing daylight , Spring)
• Dog :seasonal(decreasing light)
• Cat: seasonal(increasing light)
Length of Estrus Cycle
• Cattle 19 to 23 Days
• Sheep 14 to 19 Days
• Goat 14 to 19 Days
• Swine 19 to 23Days
• Horse 10 to 37 Days
• Dogs 10 to 14 days
• Cats 7 to 42 days
Duration of Estrus Cycle
• Cattle: 6 to 27 Hours
• Sheep: 24 to 36 Hours
• Goat: 24 to 36 hours
• Swine: 48 to 36 Hours
• Horse : 3 to 8 days
• Cats 24 hours
Signs of Estrus
• Swollen vulva
• Mucous discharge
• Restless behavior
• Female receptivity to male
• Sniffing
• Flehmen posture
• Bellowing
Specific signs of Estrus
• Cattle : Visually active mounting
• Sheep : Few external signs
• Swine: Brace with pressure to back ,vocal grunting
• Horse : Tease with Stallion and will go nose to nose
Gestation Length
• Cattle: 285 Days
• Sheep: 147 Days
• Goat: 147 Days
• Swine: 114 Days
• Horse: 336 Days
Partition names in Species
• Cattle: Calving
• Sheep: Lambing
• Swine: Farrowing
• Horse: Foaling
Signs of Parturition
• Distended abdomen
• Mammary development &
milk secretion
• Swollen vulva and relaxed
pelvic ligaments
• Mucous discharge
• Labor and Contractions
• Expulsion of fetus
• Expulsion of placental membrane
• Bonding behavior of offspring and mother .
THANK YOU