pixabay.com Prof. drh. Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja, MP.

, PhD

MANAJEMEN
REPRODUKSI KUCING

FKH 514: REPRODUKSI DAN KEBIDANAN

PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN PROFESI DOKTER HEWAN
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAH HEWAN-IPB
 Experiences
Pengajar dan peneliti di Divisi Reproduksi dan
1
Kebidanan, Departemen KRP, FKH, IPB

Drh: FKH UGM

2
S-2: Sain Veteriner, FKH UGM
S-3: Yamaguchi University, Japan
3 Produksi embrio in vitro (kucing, anjing, sapi, babi,)

4 Cloning (kucing ), Transfer embrio kucing

karjanwk13@gmail.com

5 Preservasi dan Kriopreservasi sperma (kucing, anjing,

babi, domba, harimau), IB pada harimau sumatera

Prof. drh. Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja, MP., PhD

What we will be covering

•Reproductive Physiology
•Mating process
•Pregnancy and pseudopregnancy
Common feline terms
• Tom----- --Male cat
• Queen----Female cat
• Kitten-----Young cat of either sex
• Clutch-----Group of cats
• Queening—Giving birth
ANATOMY: HOW DIFFERENT ARE CATS
Reproductive Tract
Oviduct

Ovarian Bursa Ovary

Bladder

Uterine Horn
Uterine Body

Urethra Cerivx

Vagina
Vestibule

Clitoris
Vulva
ANATOMY: HOW DIFFERENT ARE CATS
Male
• Male may breed 10x/hour (WOW!!!)

• The penial spines on the cranial end of the Tom’s penis induces
the stimulation of the vagina for the LH surge to ovulate.

Semen Characteristics:
Volume: 0.04 ml
Total Sperm: 15-130 x 106
Motility: 60-95%
Fertility
• 1.5 and 8 years of age
• Av. 2-3 litter per year
• 3-4 (1-15) kitten per litter
• 50-150 kitten in 10 years
• Polygamous
• Accept several males-
superfecundation
PUBERTY
• First estrus: 5-9 mo (3.5-18 mo)
• Onset
 approx.: 75% adult weight
 2-2.5 kg for a normal female
• Other Factors
 Breed
 Social environment
 Health
 Physical condition
 Nutritional plane
Estrous Cycle of Queen
• Queen requires copulation to stimulate
ovulation.
• Average length of the estrous cycle is 14 to 21
days.
• Estrus will last approximately 7 days followed
by a period of non-receptivity for 10 days if
no mating occurs.
ESTRUS CYCLE
ESTRUS CYCLE
ESTRUS CYCLE
GESTATION
PROESTRUS
 1.2 days (range 0.4-2 days)
 typical signs
 Vocalization
 Rubbing of face against object
 Increased sign of “over affection” or
“overfriendliness”
 Characteristic: Rolling, head rubbing,
vocalization, crouching often with rear
quarters elevated, treading movement of
feet but still rejecting male
  Period of sexual receptivity
 Duration 4 to 7 days (1-21 d)
ESTRUS
 Estrus occur with peak E2 or follicular
activity
 Vulva slightly edematous and hyperemic,
little discharge
 Typical lordosis behavior
 Acceptance allows mating with deviation
of tail to one side and permission of Tom
to grasp her neck, mount and copulate
INTERESTROUS INTERVAL
 Period of reproductive inactivity
 Duration -9 days (1.4-16.6)
 Estrogen and progesterone remain low
 Hormonally inactive
 All breeding behaviors cease
 Return to proestrus in 1-3 weeks
DIESTRUS OR PSEUDOPRGNANCY
 Period of progesterone dominance
 can be either pregnant or pseudo-
pregnant
 CL develops 1-2 days after ovulation
 Remain functional for 30 to 50 dyas
(average 35 days)
 Inter-estrous intervals follows

Pseudopregnancy:
Sterile mating induces ovulation of follicles and formation of CL release
progesterone which is maintained for 35-45 days
ANESTRUS
 Reproductive dormancy (Oct-Jan)
 E2 and P4 low
No sexual behavior
Shorther days-trigger onset of anestrus
Hormonally similar to inter-estrus
 BREEDING BEHAVIOUR
 Marking of territory by males
 Male detects female through pheromones
 Queen- low monotone howls known as heat cries
 Tom cats-caterwaul in response
 Courtship duration 10 sec to 5 min

Beware of stress

• Males are Territorial markers

• May not be willing to mount

• Transport can inhibit estrus

behavior
Breeding Behaviour-step by step

• Males approach and neck bite

 30 sec – 4 hrs
 Depends on:
- male and female experience
- stress conditions
Breeding Behaviour-step by step
• Coitus is very short
 0.3-8 min for positioning
 Treading by the female-raises
her perineal region
 1-20 se for intromission,
ejaculation, and coital cry

• Dismounting
 0-1 sec for dismounting
 Breeding Behaviour-step by step

• Queens after reaction

• Refractory Period
 1-7 min for queens after reaction
 Refusing attempts to
 Rejection of the male remount
 Disoriented rolling  0-5 hrs
 Streatrching
 Genital licking
OVULATION
• Induced ovulatory
• Copulation triggers LH surge
• Ovulation dependent on
• Number of matings
• Interval between matings
• Day of mating
• Individual differences in the LH peak
Mating by male induces ovulation but it takes
approximately a minimum of 4 matings to
induce ovulation in queen.
PREGNANCY
• Length
• 63-66 days from ovulation

• From a practical point of view:

if mating took place a 3 day period--
-count 65 days from the 2nd day
PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS
Behavioural Modification
• Seeking for more attention
• Not reliable enough

Physical modification
• Continuous weigh gain throughout
gestation
• Difficult to see before 1 mo
PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS
Abdominal palpation
• Around 17 – 25 days
• Difficult beyond that

Ultrasound
• Most reliable technique
• Around 11-14 into gestation
• Check for the fetal viability and numbers

Radiography
• Consistent after 43-45 days
• Check for the fetal numbers and
position at the time of parturition
QUEENING

Cat Reproduction
• A cat reaches reproduction maturity between 6-9 mo of age

Birthing
• A female cat mate by calling for male company with their special
“meow” which like the howling sounds and rub themselves
along the floor with tailed raised
• The started to walk like a queen when they are out
• The heat last between 7 to 21 days
QUEENING
Reproduction process
• The male’s cat penis has backward pointer spines which scratch the interior or
its partner, and cause ovulation to occur
• Pregnancy lasts between 56 & 71 days, with the average taking 68 dyas
Birthing
• A few days before she is due to birth, the pregnant female will become restless
and will look for the best nest (This will normally quite, warm, and in one of the
darker parts of the house)
• The birthing process is called “queening”
• The cervix begin to dilate. A clear odourless discharge form the vagina is usually
apparent
• At birth, the newborn kittens are blind, deaf and helpless