GUBBI Project

Distribution & End-use

Efficiency Improvements

R. Govinda Rao
Director

Energy Economy & Environmental

Consultants
Bangalore - 38

1
 Power Scenario - Karnataka
Total Power purchase - 29050 MU domestic
14.0%
Avg. cost of supply - Rs. 3.52/kWh
commercial
2.8%
public lighting
Losses
1.5%
35.8%
Industry
4.7%

largeIndustry
13.4%

InterstateSales
0.0% public waterworks
bulk supply 1.4%
0.1%
railways state tubewells
01/22/21 0.5% 25.7% 2
 Gubbi substation

Substation - 30MVA 110/11kV

Number of feeder - 13 (1 town & 12 agricultural)

Number of Pumpsets - 8000

Number of Consumer - 20,000

Energy Consumption - 95 MU/ annum

Revenue Realized - 4%

T & D Loss - 25 to 30%

Energy Theft - 30%

Average Pumpset efficiency - 20 to 25%
01/22/21 3
 The Gubbi project

An MOU was signed between BESCOM and 3EC
for
 Technical loss reduction
 Commercial loss reduction
 Better billing & realization
 Operation & maintenance

In the first phase 3EC conducted field
investigations for 1 feeder namely G. Hosahalli

The findings of the study are presented here

01/22/21 4
 The Concept

11 kV loss reduction through bifurcation

LT loss reduction by extending 11 kV upto a group
of 3-4 pump sets & install 15/25 kVA transformers

Avoid LT overhead line with bare conductors to
reduce theft

Setup comprehensive metering & control system
for remote load management for better control

Computerization of billing and collection to
improve efficiency

01/22/21 5
 Planned Modifications

G-Hosahalli feeder , An example

6
 G. Hosahalli feeder

Network details

Consumer Details
 HT length 28.4 kms
 Pumpset conn. 709
 Lighting Conn. 1166
 LT length 72.7 kms
 Commercial Conn. 6

Distribution Transformer  BJ Conn. 140
Center (DTC) details 
Pumpset Details
 Total DTCs 58 Nos  Running 560 Nos
 25-kVA 7 Nos  Currently Off 116 Nos
 63-kVA 21 Nos  Abandoned 34 Nos
 100-kVA 27 Nos
 Average kW 4.7
 250-kVA 3 Nos

01/22/21 Note: Statistics as on February 2003 7

 Energy Balance - Present
Sl. No. Description kW %
1 Total Demand (205A*) 3082 100.0
2 HT losses 301 9.8
3 Transformation Losses 70 2.3
4 LT Line Losses 367 11.9
5 Load 2344 76.1
6 Legal Load 1641 70
7 Illegal Load 703 30

01/22/21 Note: Average feeder loading for the year 2002 8

 HT network - Present EXISTING SYSTEM

177 -G.Hosa Halli

152 -G.Hosa Halli

159 -G.Hosa Halli
9.3 kV
53-Prabhuvana Halli 157 -G.Hosa Halli 174 -Atthegena Halli

179 -Kakkena Halli

161 -G.Hosa Halli
147 -G.Hosa Halli

84 - Prabhuvana Halli 167 -G.Hosa Halli 172 -Atthegena Halli

52-Prabhuvana Halli

9.4 kV
165 -Chikkona Halli

9.2 kV
143 -Chikkona Halli
85- Prabhuvana Halli
90- Prabhuvana Halli
138-Oorukere Palya

139-Oorukere Palya
49-Hale Gubbi 140 -Chikkona Halli

93- Prabhuvana Halli 78 - Prabhuvana Halli 135-Oorukere Palya

55-Hale Gubbi

43-Hale Gubbi

125-Chikkona Halli Col'y 127-Chikkona Halli Col'y

76 - Prabhuvana Halli
133-Janatha Col'y
122-Chikkona Halli Col'y

9.3 kV
96 - Prabhuvana Halli
41-Hale Gubbi 132-Janatha Col'y
131-Janatha Col'y
Village Water supply 34 -Kodihalli
120-Chikkona Halli Col'y

100 - Prabhuvana Halli

112 -Naduvala Palya
118 -Chikkona Halli Col'y

9.5 kV
61-Hale Gubbi
37 -Hale Gubbi

9.4 kV
111 -Naduvala Palya

69 - Prabhuvana Halli 102 -Kodithota

57 -Hale Gubbi
114 -Chikkona Halli

181 -K.S.Palya 116 -Chikkona Halli

68-Dhulna Halli
9.8 kV 104 -K.S.Palya

Losses in the trunk section: 212 kW

67-Dhulna Halli

(Total HT line Losses: 301 kW)

66-Dhulana Halli

Feeder current: 205 A (average)

Single Line Diagram of G.Hosahalli 11-kV Feeder.

INDEX NETWORK DETAILS

250 kVA Total DTC : 58 Nos. Total HT Length : 28.5 km
100 kVA
63 kVA
25 kVA : 08 Nos.
63 kVA : 21 Nos.
Load
HT Losses
% Loss
: 3124 kW

Total HT Length: 28.4 kMs

: 640 kW
: 20.49
11.0 kV
01/22/21 100 kVA : 26 Nos.
9
GUBBI 110/11-kV
25 kVA SUB-STATION

250 kVA : 03 Nos.

 After modifications - HT network MODIFIED SYSTEM

177 -G.Hosa Halli

10.5 kV
152 -G.Hosa Halli
159 -G.Hosa Halli

53-Prabhuvana Halli 157 -G.Hosa Halli 174 -Atthegena Halli

179 -Kakkena Halli

161 -G.Hosa Halli
147 -G.Hosa Halli

84 - Prabhuvana Halli 167 -G.Hosa Halli 172 -Atthegena Halli

52-Prabhuvana Halli
165 -Chikkona Halli

85- Prabhuvana Halli

143 -Chikkona Halli
10.6 kV
10.5 kV
90- Prabhuvana Halli
138-Oorukere Palya

139-Oorukere Palya
49-Hale Gubbi 140 -Chikkona Halli

93- Prabhuvana Halli 78 - Prabhuvana Halli 135-Oorukere Palya

55-Hale Gubbi

43-Hale Gubbi

125-Chikkona Halli Col'y 127-Chikkona Halli Col'y

76 - Prabhuvana Halli
133-Janatha Col'y
122-Chikkona Halli Col'y

10.6 kV
96 - Prabhuvana Halli
41-Hale Gubbi 132-Janatha Col'y
131-Janatha Col'y
Village Water supply 34 -Kodihalli
120-Chikkona Halli Col'y

100 - Prabhuvana Halli

112 -Naduvala Palya
118 -Chikkona Halli Col'y

61-Hale Gubbi
37 -Hale Gubbi
10.7 kV
10.7 kV
111 -Naduvala Palya

69 - Prabhuvana Halli 102 -Kodithota

57 -Hale Gubbi
114 -Chikkona Halli

181 -K.S.Palya 116 -Chikkona Halli

68-Dhulna Halli
10.9 kV New 104 -K.S.Palya

Losses before : 212 kW

Line
67-Dhulna Halli

66-Dhulana Halli

Losses after : 47 kW

Single Line Diagram of G.Hosahalli 11-kV Feeder. New Line - Rabbit Conductor

INDEX NETWORK DETAILS

250 kVA

Total HT Length: 58.4 kMs

100 kVA
Total DTC : 58 Nos.
25 kVA : 08 Nos.
HT Line Losses : 320 kW
Cable - 240 sq.mm 11.0 kV
63 kVA 63 kVA : 21 Nos.

01/22/21 25 kVA
100 kVA : 26 Nos.
250 kVA : 03 Nos.
Cable - 240 sq.mm GUBBI 110/11-kV
SUB-STATION
10
 Sample Rural LT
5 HP GL
P 5 HP
P
Transformer Rating : 100 kVA
GL

5 HP
P

5 HP 5 HP P

5 HP P 0.6
5 HP
Analysis Results
P
P Pumpset
Demand : 95 kW
4.7 GL S/M Lighting consumers
Agricultural : 60 kW 3.2
Loss in section (kW)
Domestic : 5 kW
5 HP P 1.6
Technical losses : 30 kW P 5 HP
2.1
Pumpset efficiency : 20% P
7.5 HP
GL GL GL

5 HP 5 HP 6 HP 4.9 P
P P
P
5 HP
P
P S/M
3.2
5 HP
5 HP
9.9
S/M
P
P
5 HP
P S/M S/M 100 kVA

01/22/21 Incoming 11 kV Line

11
 Network with HVDS
Cons. No.- 1297
5 HP
GL
P
P GL

P
Cons. No.- 3197 P
ST
5 HP

Cons. No.- 605

P
5 HP
5 HP

ST P Pumpset

GL S/M Lighting consumers

Demand : 67 kW (95 kW)
ST Small capacity
Line Losses : 4 kW (30 kW) transformers
P

Savings : 26 kW P Cons. No.- 5420

5 HP

P Cons. No.- 5289

ST
7.5 HP

GL GL GL
Cons. No.- 5915
5 HP
Cons. No.- 2785
P
ST
6 HP

P P 0.1
P

P ST
P
Cons. No.- 3604
S/M
Cons. No.- 6057
5 HP
ST
5 HP

S/M
P
Cons. No.- 595
Pumpset
P
removed Cons. No.- 517
Room locked
P
01/22/21 S/M S/M 100 kVA 12
Incoming 11 kV Line
 Network - HVDS & EE pumpsets
P Energy efficient Pumpset (40%) P
GL

P GL

GL S/M Lighting consumers P ST

P
ST Small capacity P

transformers P

EE pumpsets
ST
Demand : 37 kW (95 kW)
Line Losses : 2 kW (30 kW)
Savings : 58 kW P

Investment : Rs. 5 Lakhs P

ST P
Simple payback: 2 Years GL GL GL

P
P
ST P
P

P S/M
P ST
ST
S/M
P
P

P S/M S/M 100 kVA

01/22/21 13
Incoming 11 kV Line
 Comparative Cost analysis
Description HVDS LT
Upgradation

T&D losses (kW) 2 10

T&D losses (%) 3 14

Investment (Rs. Lakhs) 3.75 1.35

Energy savings# (kWh) 42,000 30,000

Monetary savings* (Rs.Lakhs) 1.26 0.9

Simple Payback(Years) 3.0 1.5

# 1500 hrs/year * Tariff Rs. 3/kWh

01/22/21 14
 Comparative Technical analysis
Description HVDS LT
Upgradation

Energy Theft Avoided Possible

Management Easy No change

Loading of transformer Medium High

Losses with load growth Marginal High

Life cycle costs Low High

01/22/21 Note: The above comparison is with respect to existing conditions 15

 HVDS for complete feeder

Investment
 Transformer Stations Rs. 150 Lakhs
 Line conversion Rs. 32 Lakhs
 Metering Rs. 42 Lakhs
 HT bifurcation Rs. 6 Lakhs
 Spares, Strengthening & Misc. Rs. 70 Lakhs
 Total Rs. 300 Lakhs

Tariff Rs. 3 /kWh

Savings
 Energy 2.825 MU
 Financial Rs. 84 Lakhs

Indicators
 IRR 21%
 DSCR 1.99

01/22/21 16
 Energy Balance after modifications
Before After
Sl. No. Description
kW % kW %
1 Total Demand (205A) 3082 100.0 2506 100.0
2 HT losses 301 9.8
3 Transformation Losses 70 2.3 162 6.5
4 LT Line Losses 367 11.9
5 Load 2344 76.1 2344 93.5
6 Legal Load 1641 70 2227 95
7 Illegal Load 703 30 117 5

01/22/21 Note: Average feeder loading for the year 2002 17

The CDM Angle

For all the 13 feeders of Gubbi

substation

18
 Energy balance (for 13 feeders)


Total energy distributed currently 90 mu

energy consumed 63 mu

Losses 27 mu

reduction in pumpset consumption 15 mu

reduction in losses 21 mu

total reduction in energy consumption 36 mu

01/22/21 19
 Investment

Investment: Rs. Cr.

For distribution improvement 27.00

For pump-sets of high efficiency 12.00

For marketing high efficiency pump-sets 3.30

For network dev., load analysis etc. & 1.40
design engineering DPR preparation

For implementation commissioning 2.80

For miscellaneous activities(incl. Pre Op.) 0.60

Grand Total 47.10

01/22/21 20
 The CDM Angle - Additionality
Checklist concerning additionalities & Imp. Criteria

Financial additionality YES

Technical additionality NO

Technology Transfer NO
(Run of the Mill Equipment)

Sustainable development YES (Definitely)
and social fairness

Poverty Alleviation YES

Relevant for Sustainable YES
Country development (Very High priority)

01/22/21 21
 The CDM Angle – Additionality
Checklist concerning additionalities & Imp. Criteria

Will sale of CER at US $3 NO
to US $6 improve project
revenues much

Replicability & Market YES (Huge)
for Measure

Foreign Investment flow NO
(Unilateral project type)


Additional to what would YES
have happened Anyway (Definitely & Obvious)

01/22/21 22
 Baseline Methodology –
Distribution System

SSC PDD Category II-A

Technical losses without project

EB = S(ni . ci) /(1 - l)

Where

EB = annual energy baseline

ni = number of consumers supplied by installations of the technology
belonging to category i (residential, rural health center, rural school, mills,
water pump for irrigation, etc.)

ci = estimate of average annual individual consumption (in kWh) observed
in closest grid electricity systems among rural grid connected consumers
belonging to the same category. If energy consumption is metered, ci is the
average energy consumed 1 by consumers belonging to category i.

l = average technical distribution losses that would have been observed in
mini-grids installed by distribution company , expressed as a fraction.
01/22/21 23
 Baseline Methodology – Pumpset

SSC PDD Category II C

EB = S (ni . pi . oi) /(1 - l)

Where

EB = annual energy baseline

ni = the number of devices of type i replaced (e.g. 5hp motor) for which
the replacement is operating during the year

pi = the power of the devices of type i replaced (e.g. 40 W, 5 hp). In the
case of a retrofit programme, “power” is the weighted average of the
devices replaced. In the case of new installations, “power” is the weighted
average of devices on the market.

oi = the average annual operating hours of the devices of type i replaced

l = average technical distribution losses for the grid serving the locations
where the devices are installed, expressed as a fraction.

01/22/21 24
 M & V Protocol

Comprehensive Metering
P

P
P

M4
M3

110/11 kV DTC

S/S
M
P
M2
DTC

P
M1 P

P
01/22/21 25
 M & V Protocol

Comprehensive Metering (Cont.)


Methodology
 Meter installed at S/S records energy sent out
 Install meters at strategic locations on the pole for
every 3 or 4 pumpsets depending on the network
 Sum of meter readings M1 M2 M3 M4…….MN will
provide energy consumption by pumpsets
 Collect data on metered consumption - MT
 BJ / kJ - Consumption will be estimated based on
connected load, load factor and hours of usage
(MBJ)
 Street lighting - Consumption will be estimated by
01/22/21 suitable methodology at each village (MSL) 26
 M & V Protocol
Comprehensive Metering (Cont.)
 In any case the consumption from these to two
categories ((MBJ) & (MSL)) will be very small.
 Compute total losses = M - MN - MT - MBJ - MSL
 Compute and monitor loss reduction on monthly
basis
 Monitor MN to estimate reduction in consumption
attributable to voltage improvement, PF
improvement, reduced loading etc.

Advantages
 Losses established with reasonable accuracy

Disadvantages
 Higher investments
01/22/21 27