WELCOME!!!

January 20, 2021

 OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify properties of a well-
written text:
a. Organization
b. coherence & cohesion
c. language use
d. mechanics
PROPERTIES/CHARACTERISTICS OF
A WELL-WRITTEN TEXT
1. Organization
It is the arrangement of ideas in the
text.
It can be achieved through:
a. Physical format
b. Signal words
c. Structure
1. ORGANIZATION
-ideas are logically and
accurately arranged
-knowledge of the different parts
of a composition is a great help
in adhering to the correct
organization of ideas
-sentences within the paragraph
is organized logically
a. Physical format
- How the text physically appears
headings, subheadings, bullet, font emphasis
Marxist ideology has three main theories.
Historical materialism purports that all the
features of society can historically be traced back to
economic activity. Social class in capitalist
societies is what produces unjust structures of
power that exist today. Socialism would be the
next rational step for the development of human
society.
b. Signal words
- Cues that help the reader to follow a text
- Signals transition

Chuck Palahniuk’s novel Fight Club greatly influenced

me as a fictional writer. First, his use of the unreliable
narrator fascinated me, and I have written similar
characters in my works. Second, the theme of patriarchal
oppression can also be found in the stories I write. Third,
the novel’s stunning twist is something that I have been
trying to recreate. Thus, I am extremely grateful to have
encountered Palahniuk’s genius early in my writing career.
c. Structure
- Framework how the text is
organized
= beginning (Introduction, Thesis
statement, main idea)
= middle (supporting details)
= end (conclusion, summary)
Chuck Palahniuk’s novel Fight Club greatly
influenced me as a fictional writer. First, his use of
the unreliable narrator fascinated me, and I have
written similar characters in my works. Second, the
theme of patriarchal oppression can also be found in
the stories I write. Third, the novel’s stunning twist is
something that I have been trying to recreate. Thus,
I am extremely grateful to have encountered
Palahniuk’s genius early in my writing career.
 2. COHERENCE & COHESION
This refers to the connection of
ideas and connection between
sentences and between
paragraphs.
 COHESION CAN BE APPLIED WITH THE
FOLLOWING:
1.PRONOUNS TO REFRAIN FROM USING A
SPECIFIC WORD REPEATEDLY
2. TRANSITIONAL DEVICES TO CONNECT
SENTENCES WITH LINKED IDEAS
3. REPETITION OF KEYWORDS TO TIE UP THE
PARAGRAPHS SMOOTHLY.
 TEXT WITHOUT COHERENCE AND COHESION
Amelia Earheart was a legendary woman who made her name in
aviation by setting various records. In 1928, she became famous as
the first woman who flew across the Atlantic Ocean. She was only a
passenger, with pilot Wilmer Stultz and a co-pilot/mechanic Louis
Gordon manning the controls. In 1932, she flew on her own over the
Atlantic. She flew from Honolulu Hawaii to Oakland California. She
became the first person to fly over both the Atlantic and Pacific
oceans. Between 1930 and 1935, Earheart set seven women’s speed
and distance aviation through different aircrafts. She disappeared in
1937 while attempting to fly around the world. On board her plane
was her only crew member, Fred Noonan. Extensive search efforts
were not able to find a trace of both aviators.
 TEXT WITHOUT COHERENCE AND COHESION
Amelia Earheart was a legendary woman who made her name in
aviation by setting various records. In 1928, she became famous as
the first woman who flew across the Atlantic Ocean. However, during
this trip she was only a passenger, with pilot Wilmer Stultz and co-
pilot/mechanic Louis Gordon manning the controls. In 1932, she
finally got to fly on her own over the Atlantic. She set another record
when she flew from Honolulu, Hawaii to Oakland California in 1935,
thus becoming the first person to fly over both the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans. Between 1930 and 1935, Earheart set seven women’s speed
and distance aviation through different aircrafts.
 3. APPROPRIATE LANGUAGE USE
The way language is used is one of the
clearest indicators of a well-written text.
Acceptable style of language for a
particular form of text is necessary.
Business correspondence are concise
while literary pieces may contain a style
that is less formal yet more creative.
TIME TESTED PRINCIPLES IN
WRITING
1. Use clear and concise sentences.
On average, a sentence is 18 words
long. (Note that this does not require
every sentence to be composed of
exactly 18 words.
 DON’T
Image is a very important factor in
politics because once the reputation of
a person is smeared by accusations,
the people’s perception of the person
is forever tainted and it may cause him
to love credibility and trust even when
the truth behind allegation is not yet
verified.
 DO THIS
Image is a very important factor in
politics. Once the reputation of a
person is smeared by accusations,
the people’s perception of the
person is forever tainted. The
person may lose his credibility,
even when the allegations are not
yet verified.
-the long sentence
is divided into just
3 sentences,
following rule no.
1
 TRY THIS!
An American dentist who illegally hunted down a
lion in Africa has recently sparked debate regarding
the culture of hunting wild animals, because in
America, where people do not experience lions
eating livestock and townspeople, such an act is
decried, while in Africa, this is not seen as a big
issue because lions constantly terrorize the
villagers and eat their livestock.
 COMPARE A AND B
A. An American dentist who
illegally hunted down a lion in
Africa has recently sparked
debate regarding the culture of
hunting wild animals, because in
America, where people do not
experience lions eating livestock
and townspeople, such an act is
decried, while in Africa, this is
not seen as a big issue because
lions constantly terrorize the
villagers and eat their livestock.
B. An American dentist who
illegally hunted down a lion in
Africa has recently sparked
debate regarding the culture of
hunting wild animals. People in
America, do not experience lions
eating livestock and
townspeople. However, this is
not a big issue for Africans
because lions constantly terrorize
the villagers and eat their
livestock.
2. Avoid redundancies,
wordiness, clichés, and
high falutin languages
 TRY THIS
Although offsprings are taught
not to obtain free gifts from
strangers, at the present
moment many still do.
 DON’t
DO
Although offsprings
Although children
are taught not to
are told not to
obtain free gifts from
take gifts from
strangers, at the
strangers, many
present moment
still do.
many still do.
 3. Avoid excessive use of
“there” and “it” structures.
These sentences can be
revised by dropping the
“there” and “it” phrase and
transforming the sentence
appropriately.
 TRY THIS
There are many people
walking on this street
during Sundays. It is
important to keep your
valuables close to you
 A B
There are many Many people walk
people walking on this street
on this street during Sundays.
during Sundays. Keeping your
It is important to valuables close
keep your to you is
important.
valuables close
to you.
 4. Use precise
vocabulary. Be
accurate and
condense lengthy
phrases into fewer
words.
 TRY THIS
Shafts that control the
brake during urgent
situations are built inside
MRT trains to keep the
passengers free from harm.
Emergency levers are built
inside MRT trains for the
passengers safety.
5. Be consistent with
your pronoun’s point
of view.
 TRY THIS
We should accept that
fate is simply an illusion;
you must not leave our
decisions to something
that does not exist.
 A B
We should We should
accept that fate accept that fate
is simply an is simply an
illusion; you illusion; we must
must not leave not leave our
our decisions to decisions to
something that something that
does not exist.
does not exist.
6. Avoid sexist language. This issue
can be addressed by using articles
(a, an & the), using plural pronouns,
his or her instead of his, writing
through a second person point of
view, or using gender-neutral nouns
(e.g. chairperson instead of
chairman). Make sure not to overuse
the his or her technique as it breaks
up the flow of your composition.
 TRY THIS
Every employee
should submit his
credentials.
 DON’T
Every employee should submit his
credentials.
B
Every employee should submit his or
her credentials.
C
All employees should submit their
credentials.
 7. Use the appropriate
level of formality. The more
formal texts use an
academic tone while the
less formal ones usually
use a personal or colloquial
tone.
 A
Yes, diskettes are like things
of the past, but they’re still
totally cool
B
Diskettes may be outdated,
but they are still fascinating.
 MECHANICS
-It is the technical aspect of
writing and characterized by a
set of conventions, spelling,
abbreviations, punctuations
and capitalization
 The following should be observed
in academic and more formal text.
1. Always use standard English.
2. Avoid contractions (e.g. Don’t)
3. Avoid exclamation mark unless they are part of a
direct quotation.
4. Mention the full name of an institution or organization
with the abbreviation in parenthesis, in first mention.
Thereafter, use the abbreviation.
5. Numbers from zero to ten should be spelled out while
numbers higher than ten should be written in figures.
6. Generally, citations are used in academic and formal
text, however, they are sparingly used in business text.
 READ AND CRITIQUE
Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006 after the
General Assembly of the IAU, as it only met 2 out of the
association’s three requirements to qualify as a Planet
(Library Congress). The dispute started when Caltech
astronomy prof Mike Brown discovered an Asteriod bigger
than Pluto in 2005 (Cain, 2012). The science community
went wild! Brown’s findings sparked a debate on whether
this new Planet, which he named eris, should be added to
the roster of 9 Planets. The controversy prompted the
international Astronomical Union to meet up and delineate
what a ‘planet’ is. They came up with 3 requirements to
classify a celestial body as a planet and removed the
Planet Status of Pluto based on the new definition.
Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006 after the
General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union
(IAU), as it only met two out of the association’s three
requirements to qualify as a planet (Library Congress). The
dispute started when Mike Brown, a professor of
astronomy at the California Institute of Techonology
(CalTech), discovered an asteriod bigger than Pluto in
2005 (Cain, 2012). Brown’s findings sparked a debate on
whether this new planet, which he named Eris, should be
added to the roster of nine planets. The controversy
prompted the IAU to meet up and delineate what a ‘planet’
is. They came up with three requirements to classify a
celestial body as a planet and removed the planet status of
Pluto based on the new definition.
 Sources:

Barrot, Jessie S., Ph. D., (2016) Properties of a Well-

Written text. Aca. Reading and Writing for Senior High
Sch., 104 - 109

Helen Cenizal-Raymundo MA English,

Properties of a Well-written Ext. Reading and
Writing Skills. Diwa Learning Systems Inc.
pp.5-6
 ACTIVITY:
A. APPLY IT IN REAL LIFE: Your good friend
requested you to edit the letter below. Revise
it, if necessary. Pass it on Jan. 30.
30 January 2021
Ptr. Editha p. Clemente
Eveland Christian college, San mateo, Isabela

Dear ptr. Clemente

As you know, scholarship applications require recommendations, I am requesting that you write
a recommendation letter for me. I am till greatful for what you have already contributed to my
education. If you do not like to do the favor I am requesting, I will understand. I am now about to
complete the academc requirements in senior high school. I am also seeking scholarship grants
that would give me privilege to acquire a college degree.

Respectfully yours,

(Your name)
 B. On a clean sheet of paper,
rewrite the following:
1.There are four species of
pangolins found in Asia. It is of
utmost importance to save
these endangered species.
 2.
Many animals which were
hunted down for the
entertainment of wealthy
people who like to hunt are
now decreasing in population
at an alarming rate.
 3.
While there is a desire to
covet endangered animals,
transform them into domestic
beasts, and all that jazz, it
must be more central to our
aims to preserve these wild
animals.
 4.
You must join the fight in
preserving endangered
animals. We have a role to
play in this initiative.
 5.
Eve was one of the
firemen who
responded the call
 6.
It’s incredibly surprising
to realize how low
people can go just to
make tons of money.
MAY GOD
BLESS US
ALL!