PLAGIARISM

Ms. Erika T. San Miguel

01. Identify some 02.Discuss the law
reasons why that protects us
people plagiarize against plagiarism

03. Determine the 04.

ways to avoid Apply the ways to
plagiarism avoid plagiarism
What is
plagiarism?
Let us define it!
 Plagiarism is...

To commit literary theft

To use another’s production without crediting the source

To steal and pass off the ideas or words 

To present as new and original idea or product derived
from an existing source
Plagiarism by
real life
people!
Here are some examples of very
well-known and controversial
plagiarized works and speeches.
 When Melanie Trump did this to Michelle
Obama

Source: http://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/19/politics/melania-trump-michelle-obama-speech /
 When Melanie Trump did this to Michelle
Obama

Image Source: Video Sources:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNhszfhOq3Q

https://www8.gmanews.tv/webpics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gd5LgYiiE4Y
When Melanie Trump did this to Michelle
Obama
National Advertisement
of:
Pilipinas kay Ganda
(Philippines, 2010)
- versus - 
Polska (Poland) 
 Is
PLAGIARIS
M a CRIME?
 RA 8293: Intellectual Property Code of
the Philippines

“Any person infringing any right secured by provisions of

Part IV (The Law of Copyright) of this Act or aiding or
abetting such infringement shall be guilty of a crime.”
 PUNISHMENT

a) First Offense: Imprisonment of one (1) year to three (3)

years. Fine ranging from P150,000 to P300,000.

b) Second Offense: Imprisonment of three (3) years and one

(1) day to six (6) years. Fine ranging from P150,000 to
P500,000.

c) Third and subsequent Offense: Imprisonment of six (6)

years and one (1) day to nine (9) years. Fine ranging from
P500,000 to P1,500,000. 

Source: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1997/06/06/republic-act-no-8293/
 Why do
students
plagiarize?
Here are some reason why!
 Students plagiarize

Desire to get good or better grades

Fear of failing 

Poor time management

Disinterest in doing the task

Belief in not getting caught

 AVOIDING
PLAGIARISM
1. QUOTING

2. PARAPHRASING

3. SUMMARIZING

4. REFERENCING (CITING OF
SOURCES)
 PARAPHRASING

• Incorporating borrowed sources and

ideas then restating into own’s words. 
• Rewriting a passage without changing
the meaning of the source.
Source: Hayuningrum & Yula, 2017)
 HOW TO PARAPHRASE
1. Highlight important words / terms that cannot be
changed. 
2. Find synonyms / alternative for words that can be
changed.
3. Comprehend / understand the meaning or thought
of the context.  
4. Change the grammar construction.
5. Check the meaning of the terms, phrase or the
whole context.
1. Changing Grammar
construction
CHANGING VERBS TO NOUNS
1. Magellan discovered the Philippines in 1521. 
Magellan’s discovery of the Philippines took
place in 1521.
2. the bomb exploded and caused many
casualties.
The explosion caused many casualties. 
1. Changing Grammar
construction
CHANGING NOUNS TO VERBS
1. This rewriting of history was not so much a
matter of a new start.
To rewrite  history was not so much a matter
of starting again.
2. Criticism is always done by envious people. 
Envious people always criticize. 
1. Changing Grammar
construction
CHANGING ACTIVE TO PASSIVE
1. The saltwater corroded the metal beams.
The metal beams were corroded by the saltwater.
2. The teacher uses a variety of techniques in
teaching.
A variety of techniques in teaching is used by the
teacher. 
1. Changing Grammar
construction
CHANGING ADVERBS TO ADJECTIVES

1. He wrote frequently.
He wrote on frequent occasions.
2. Politically, it was a bad decision.
From a political point of view, it was a bad
decision. 
TRY IT YOURSELF!

1. There is a rainbow always after the

rain.

2. The world is a big stage 

with naturally born judges.
 QUOTING
• Getting the exact words from the
source or speech.
• Speech marks or quotation marks are
used (“….”)
• 2 types of Quoting
• Indirect
• Direct
 INDIRECT QUOTING
1. Slightly less formal than the Direct
quoting
2. Doesn’t follow a strict APA or MLA
Format. 
 INDIRECT QUOTING
Example: 
• According to Albert Einstein, life is a bicycle.
You need to keep moving.
• Albert Einstein observed that life was like a
bicycle that you need to keep moving
• You need to keep moving because according
to Albert Einstein, life is a bicycle. 
 DIRECT QUOTING
1. Reports of the exact words of an author or
speaker and is placed inside quotation
marks (“...”) in a written work. 
2. Commonly introduced by a signal phrase
and followed by assertion [sometimes, vice
versa].
3. Follows an strict APA or MLA format
 DIRECT QUOTING
Direct Quote in a paragraph with LESS than
40 words: 
• Nordquist (2020), in his article Definition and
examples of direct
quotations [signal], comprehensively
said [assertion] “In the first place, the general
convention in the sciences and social sciences is
that we use direct quotations as little as
possible. Whenever possible, paraphrase your
source…”
 DIRECT QUOTING
Direct Quote in a paragraph with MORE than
40 words: use Full-Block Quoting
Nordquist (2020), in his article Definition and
examples of direct quotations, said, 
“In the first place, the general convention in the sciences and
social sciences is that we use direct quotations as little as
possible. Whenever possible, paraphrase your source. The
exception is when the source is so eloquent or so peculiar that
you really need to share the original language with your
readers.”
 SUMMARIZING
• Presents the main ideas and the most
important supporting details of a longer piece
of work in a very brief form.
• Can be a single sentence or paragraph
 CITING OF SOURCES
• Using of author’s surname and year
of publication. 
• Can be written at the start, middle or end of
the sentence
 CITING OF SOURCES
• How to cite sources? 
• Research writing follows APA format that
uses author/date method of citation. It
generally includes:
• Author’s last name  
• year of publication
• Page numbers for a direct quote (if
applicable)
 CITING OF SOURCES
• In-text / Reference Citation  
• - a documentation needed for
acceptable academic writing purposes. 
• - gives authority to the sources / statements
• - acknowledges that the sources is
not originated from the writer. 
 CITING OF SOURCES
Without the author’s name in the text. 

Mathematics is considered as the mother of all

learning in both arts and sciences (Andaya,
2014). 
 CITING OF SOURCES
Without the author’s name in the text. 

Mathematics is considered as the mother of all

learning in both arts and sciences (Andaya,
2014). 
 CITING OF SOURCES
With multiple authors 
• If at the BEGINNING: include both names,
separated by an “and”
  - Alfan and Othman (2005) emphasizes that the
competence and attitude of a student can be
based on the predictors regarding the
effectiveness of teaching styles.
 CITING OF SOURCES
If at the END: include both names, separated by
an ampersand “&”
- The competence and attitude of a student can be
based on the predictors regarding the
effectiveness of teaching styles (Alfan &
Othman, 2005). 
 CITING OF SOURCES
 With no identified author
• Cite-in the first few words of the article using
double quotation marks (“…”)
• Headline style capitalization and year. 
Example:
- “Famine Relief” (2002) examine the causes of
poverty and famine in Africa. 
End
 THAN
KS
Do you have any questions?
Message me on my Canvas Inbox or email me at
erikasanmiguel@baliuag.edu.ph

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