SEMANTICS & PRAGMATICS

GROUP 1
DEVITA EKA LESTARI
NURTANIA AFIFAH
TRISAN SAFIRA SALSABILA
 TA
B
LE
O
1 THEORIES OF WORD MEANING F
C
O
2 LEVEL OF MEANING N
TE
N
T
3 SEMIOTIC TRIANGLE
LEVELS OF MEANING

EXPRESSION MEANING
UTTERANCE MEANING COMMUNICATIVE MEANING
Expression meaning

The meaning of an expression taken on its own, independent of context,

i.e.disregarding contextual information. If the expression is lexicalized, its meaning is its lexical meaning
the meaning of complex expressions is derived by rules of composition.
Expression meaning includes the grammatical meaning of word forms.

For example:
A: Do you need my "bycle"?
B: I "do" not need your" bycyle".
"Do" is example of grammatical meaning (simple present)
"Bycyle"is example of lexical meaning (two-wheeled vehicle)
Utterance meaning

The meaning of an expression when uttered in a given context of utterance.

Utterance meaning results from fixing reference and fitting the interpretation of the utterance
into the given context (Principle of Consistent Interpretation).

For example:
Ani: Kamu mau kemana Ani?
Bina: Saya mau ke "depan".
What is the meaning of "depan"?
"Depan" in this sentence is not a lexical meaning
Utterance meaning

The meaning of an expression when uttered in a given context of utterance.

Utterance meaning results from fixing reference and fitting the interpretation of the
utterance into the given context (Principle of Consistent Interpretation).

For example:
Ani: Kamu mau kemana Ani?
Bina: Saya mau ke "depan".
What is the meaning of "depan"?
"Depan" in this sentence is not a lexical meaning
Communicative meaning

The meaning of an utterance as a communicative act in a given social setting.

For example:
A:Do you need my bycyle?
B:I dont need your bycyle.
what is the speaker's B intention? Refusal, request ,promise?
Answer : refusal
*Therefore we must interpret.
Semiotic Triangle

Semiotic triangle is a model of how linguistic symbols are related to the objects
they represent. The triangle was published in The Meaning of Meaning (1923) by
Ogden and Richards.

Following Ogden and Richards (1949: 10), these three aspects of the meaning
phenomenon are often symbolized as the ‘semiotic triangle’.
The triangle describes a simplified form of relationship between the speaker as
subject, a concept as object or referent, and its designation.
Thought -> This reflects the fact that language comes from
human beings, and is therefore ultimately a product of
processes in the mind or brain

Symbol -> in this terminology, is whatever perceptible token

is chosen to express the speaker’s intended meaning.

Referent -> The world of referents, that is, must be

considered not as a world of real external entities, but as a
world of representations which are projected by the mind.
1. Miftahunajjah Aditya P. what is the purpose of semiotic
triangle
2. Cantika. Could we connect the three level of meaning?
3. Adinda Safa S. Which one of those theory that suitable
for bahasa Indonesia?
4. Jasmin. What if someone get wrong understanding of an
utterance meaning
5. Okta. What is social setting ?
6. Atika. Example of Semiotic triangle