Department of Technical Education

Telangana

Name : Ch.Srikanth
Designation : Contract. Lecturer
Branch : Mechanical Engineering
Institute : GPT, Korutla
Year/Semester : I Year
Subject : Workshop Technology
Subject Code : 18M105
Topic : Basic Workshop Tools and operations
Duration : 100 mins
Sub Topic : Manufacturing process (Introduction)
Teaching Aids : PPT, Photos

1
 Recap

• Manufacturing is an activity of making goods and articles by

hand or machine

• It is a transformation of raw materials or semi finished products

into finished products

• It can be done either

• by hand or
• by machine

2
 Objectives

On completion of this period you would be able to

• State various manufacturing processes

3
 Types of manufacturing process

• Shaping processes
• Metal forming & metal working processes
• Machining processes
• Joining processes
• Surface finish processes
• Processes affecting change in properties

4
 Shaping process

• This is called casting process

• Casting is shaping of material in molten state poured in
cavity(mould)
• After solidification it is removed from mould,cleaned and
machined
• Shape and size of the product is the shape of the mould

5
 Castings

Fig 1 Casting process

6
Metal forming & Metal working process

• Here metal is shaped by plastic deformation

• Heat may or may not be applied

• Pressure is applied by external means

7
 Classification of Metal Forming

Metal Forming

Hot Working Cold Working

8
 Comparison Between
Hot Working and Cold Working

Hot Working Cold Working

• Metal shaped above • Metal shaped below
recrystallisation recrystallisation
temperature temperature
• Examples: • Examples:
• Forging • Cold drawing
• Hot rolling • Bending
• Hot extrusion • Squeezing

9
 Forging

Fig 2. Forging process

10
Cold bending

Fig 3 Cold Bending

11
 Joining process

This process is used for joining of metal parts together in

fabricating works

The common joining processes are

• Welding
• Soldering
• Screwing

12
Common joining processes (Contd..)

• Riveting

• Adhesive joining

• Brazing

• Pressing

13
 Welding

Fig 4 Welding process

14
 Surface finishing process

• In this process a very negligible amount of metal is

removed or added to provide good surface finish of metal

surface
The common processes are
Buffing Lapping Electroplating
Polishing Super finishing Metal spraying
Honing Belt grinding Anodizing etc

15
Buffing

16
Lapped products

17
Electroplated products

18
Steel polishing

19
Super finished products

20
Metal spraying

21
Honing a cylinder bore

22
Belt grinding

23
Anodized product

24
 Process effecting change in properties

These processes are to impart certain specific properties

to metal parts for particular operation like,
• Hardening
• Softening
• Grain refinement
• Change in internal structure
• Resistance to fatigue

25
 Processes

A few prominent processes are

• Heat treatment

• Cold working

• Hot working

• Shot peening

26
Basic work shop processes

• Carpentry

• Fitting

• Forging

• Sheet metal

• Cold working

• Hot working

27
 Summary

In this period we have learnt about

• Methods of manufacturing processes

• Importance of manufacturing processes

• Introduction to basic Workshop processes

28
 Quiz

1. In hot working process the metal is shaped at a

temperature
a . Above recrystalization

b . Below recrystalization

c . At recrystalization

d . None of the above

29
 Frequently asked questions

1. List out various Manufacturing process ?

2. Explain about Joining Process ?

30