TOPIC 2: NON-REACTIVE

BALANCE
CHMT 2021A/2025A PROCESS ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTAL A

PROF DIAKANUA NKAZI

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
WEEK 3 – MONDAY 22 TO FRIDAY 26
MARCH 2021
• MONDAY 22 MARCH 2021 • FRIDAY 26 MARCH 2021
1) GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION: SOLVING
PUBLIC HOLIDAY LINEAR EQUATIONS
2) DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER
SOLVING SYSTEM FOR NON-
REACTIVE BALANCE
METHOD FOR SOLVING NON-REACTIVE
BALANCE PROBLEM
1) GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION: SOLVING LINEAR EQUATIONS

•   Solutions and Solving Methods

1.1 •are
  solutions of linear equation if
A linear equation is an equation substitute in the equation = to a
given by constant term

Where are constant term and are

equation or process variables. Solving Methods for system of equations
A finite collections of linear • Substitution method
equations is a system of linear • Elimination method
equations for a given system
• Graphical Method
•   Gaussian Elimination
1.2 •  All rows consisting entirely of zeros
The method is based on are bottom rows of a matrix.
• The first non-zero leading number
should be 1, and the leading 1 is to
the right of the other leading 1 in
the row above it.

B. Reduced row-echelon matrix

Matrix identity • Each leading 1 should be the only
non-zero in its column
A. Row-echelon matrix
This is a matrix in which:
• 
Example • 

2
7
Matrix If

L2’ = ……..
L3’ = ………
Row-echelon matrix
Example 1 Example 2

Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 Stream 4 Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 Stream 4

Feed 1 Feed 2 Feed 3 Outlet St.
Feed 1 Feed 2 Feed 3 Outlet St.
Flowrate n1 n2 n3 n4 Flowrate n1 n2 n3 n4 = 10
Composition
Composition
A a1 a2 a3 a4 A 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.06
B 0.1 0 0.1 0.05
B b1 b2 b3 b4
C c1 c2 c3 c4 C 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.08

Unknown: n1, n2 and n3

Use Gaussian elimination to solve
for unknown variables
Example 3  Example 4
Discuss if the following system can
Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3
Feed 1 Feed 2 Outlet represent a non-reactive balance
Flowrate n1 n2= 30 n3 system
kg/h
Composition
A 0.233 0.3 0.255
B
2
3
Example 5 Water: 0.04
 

n2 kmol/h Sugar: 0.93

Salt : 0.03

10 kmol/h n3 kmol/h
Separator
Water: 0.54
Water: 0.2 Sugar: 0.24
Sugar: 0.6 Salt : 0.22
Salt : 0.2 n4 kmol/h

Water: 0.26
Salt : 0.74

Use gaussian Elimination to solve for n2=5.8; n3= 2.4 and n4=1.7
unknowns
a. # DoF = 3 – 3 = 0; Unk.= 3, Ind Bal Eq=3
b. Write balance Equations
2)DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER SOLVING SYSTEM
FOR NON-REACTIVE BALANCE
Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3
a. Design a solving System
Stream
b. Create rules Flowrate
Components and Composition
Stream Flowrate
A
n1, n2 and n3 = n1 – n2
B
Compon. Flowrate
C
a1 = a2 + a3 ……..
c. Test the solving system