METHOD

OF
SURVEYING
1.
TRAVERSE
2.LEVELLIN
G
3.TACHEOME
 TRAVERS
E
A series of connected survey lines form a
network and the direction and length of
the survey line are determined using the
angle m easuring instrument and tape or
chain.

Close Open
Traverse Traverse

Usually used for :

• find boundary of a lake
• Land and big area
 LEVELLIN
G
Measurement process whereby the
different in height between two or
more point can be determined

Levelling Procedure:

Elimination
Setting up Booking
of
parallax

Common Error in Levelling:

• Collimation error Instrument :
• Error due to curvature 1. Tripod
• Intrumental error 2. Staff
3. Staff bubble
TACHEOMETRY
A type of angular survey in which only
instrument measurement are used to assess
the horizontal distance from the instrument
to the staff station.

• The stadia procedure is used less and less often these

days, more commonly geomatic engineers or civil
engineers use a Total Station.
• This instrumentation has facilitated the development of
this method of detail and contour surveying into a very
slick operation.
• It is now possible to produce plans of large areas that
previously would have taken weeks, in a matter of days.