Global Positioning System

Ip Wing Yee
Wong King Sin Jeremy
Yeung Shuk Kwan
Group : 69
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Agenda

Contribution
GPS How does Application
s and
Structure GPS work? s Threats

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GPS Structure
Space
Segment

GPS
Control User
Segment Segment

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Developed by The U.S Air Force in 1973
1. Space Segment

• Consists of the orbiting GPS satellites

• Transmits radio signals to users on the earth.

• Satellites are arranged into six

equally-spaced orbital plane around
the Earth
• 24 -slot arrangement ensures at least
four satellites in view from any point
on the planet.
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2. Control Segment

Master Control Station

• performs the primary control segment functions,
• provides command and control of the GPS
constellation.
Global Network of
ground facilities

Monitor Station
• track the GPS satellites as they pass
overhead and channel their observations
back to the master control station

Ground Antennas
•  communicate with the GPS satellites
for command and control purposes
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3. User Segment

• Consists of the GPS receiver

• Receives signal from the GPS satellites.
• Uses the transmitted information to calculate the
user's position and time.

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 How does GPS work?
Step 1 : Imagine you are
somewhere in the United
States and you are TOTALLY
lost . You find a local and
ask, "Where am I?“ He
says, "You are 625 miles
from Boise. You could be
anywhere on a circle
around Boise that has a
radius of 625 miles
Step 2 : You ask somebody else
Step 3 : If a third person tells
where you are, and she says,
you that you are 615 miles
"You are 690 miles from
from Tucson, you can eliminate
Minneapolis.” If you combine
one of the possibilities,
this information with the Boise
because the third circle will
information, you have two
only intersect with one of these
circles that intersect. You now
points. You now know exactly
know that you must be at one of
where you are.
these two intersection points 7
Application – Military use

Navigation

Tracking

Bomb and Missile

guidance

Rescue

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Application – Civil use

Geo-fencing

Clock synchronization

Surveying

Astronomy

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Contributions

Business Opportunities
Highly efficient and superior services

Society
New type of communication
Emergency purpose and location identification
Reduction of criminal offenses

Education
Teaching purpose
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Potential Threats
Inaccuracy
Subject to atmospheric conditions and obstacles

Interference
Loss of signal in remote areas
Slower response to moving objects

Privacy issues
Identification of places
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Future Development

GPS Modernization Program

 Space and control segments:
New civilian and military signals
 Consecutive satellite acquisitions, including GPS IIR(M)
 Improvements of GPS control segment
 Parallel space and control segment upgrades

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Future GPS ‘s Growth

GPS- Integrated Mobile Devices

3000
2567
2500
Millions of Units

1996
2000
1678 GPS- Integrated
1500 Mobile Devices
1221
970
1000 834

500

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
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Thank You

ELEC 1010 14