PRESENTATION ON

“Project Phase 1”

ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO DEVELOP GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITES

AS REPAIR MATERIAL USING POND ASH

BY,
CHANDINI S
1BM19CCT02 Under the guidance of,
Dr. RANGANATH R V
Professor, Dept of civil engineering
 INTRODUCTION

• The use of coal for power generation results in production of thermal power plant
waste.
• Generation of fly ash/pond ash in bulk quantities is a matter of serious concern
with its disposal and utilization because of its threat to public health and ecology.
• In India, the annual production of pond ash is around 70 million tones.
• Hence effective utilization of Pond Ash as constituent in various constructions
encourage the large scale utilization of industrial waste, facilitating human
habitation and contributing to environmental, ecological benefits and reduce
carbon footprint.
• Research works carried out world wide, show that pond ash has good potential for
use in constructions as a suitable sustainable material.
 REPAIR MATERIALS

• With prolonged exposure to natural forces, structures are likely to develop

deformations and cracks.
• Rectification of cracks with suitable repair materials will extend the service life of
structure to function as designed for.
• There are many repair materials available in the market today. The commonly used
repair material for majority of repair work is the cement based mortar or grout
and polymer based.
• In most cases, the repair material may be cement-based, since cement is the
only active ingredient in concrete.
• In resin based repair materials, the resins normally used are from epoxide,
polyester, acrylic or polythene families.
• Generally, resin materials are used in repair and restoration work where
properties such as excellent adhesion, quicker curing, and high chemical
resistance are required.
• There are three types of polymer concrete composites, namely polymer
impregnated concretes (PIC), polymer concretes (PC), and polymer cement
concretes or polymer modified concretes (PCC or PMC).
• In PICs the monomers (usually styrene, methyl-methacrylate (MMA), polymethyl
methacrylate (PMMA), etc.)
• In PCs the polymer is the sole binder in lieu of cement and water.
• In PCCs and PMC s, a polymeric additive (latex or pre-polymer) is added to the
normal cement composite during the mixing stage itself.
• Few of the commercially available repair materials are Renderoc & Patchroc
mortars Renderoc LA, Renderoc DS, Renderoc SP, Nitobond EP, PE from fosroc
products.
• The industry standards followed is EN1504
• But the disadvantages of these materials are that they are expensive and include
chemicals which are not environmental friendly to manufacture.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

JOURNAL AUTHOR TITLE WORKDONE RESULTS

International Bharathi Effective utilization of The characterization of •The results
Journal of Earth Ganesh, H. pond ash for sustainable pond ash had been concludes that totally
Sciences and Sharada Bai, construction – need of carried out in this not very satisfactory
Engineering, R. Nagendra the hour paper by adopting and confirm its
October 2011 different methods. suitability in concrete
as fine aggregate .
•Pond ash can also be
replaced as a part of
cement and sand in
concrete pavements
thus making them
more economical.
JOURNAL AUTHOR TITLE WORKDONE RESULTS
ELSEVIER, Dhirajkumar Investigation of properties of •This study focused on •For series –I
2019 Lal, Aniruddha cement mortar incorporating the use of pond ash as beyond SR40
Chatterjee, pond ash – An environmental a fine aggregate and strength decreased.
Arunkumar sustainable material cement replacement in •For series-II mortar
Dwivedi cement mortar at a mix, there was a
replacement gain of compressive
percentage from 0% to strength for
100%. replacement level
•Two series of cement up to 10% in SR10.
mortar mixes were For other curing
prepared. days (3, 7 and 90)
the similar trend in
increased strength
was observed for
CR10 mortar.
Reference
Investigation of properties of cement mortar incorporating pond ash – An environmental sustainable material,
Construction and Building Materials 209 (2019) 20–31
JOURNAL AUTHOR TITLE WORKDONE RESULTS

ELSEVIER, Rodrigo H. Study of alkali- This study indicates the •The results indicate
2018 Geraldo et.al activated mortar possibility of using an AAM that AAM made with
used as conventional as a repair material to silica fume sodium
repair in reinforced conventional concrete silicate solution
concrete substrate. developed a fast and
Reinforced concrete beams good strength (30 MPa
were produced to be after 24 h) and had
repaired by the AAM. good adherence to the
concrete surface.
•The average flexural
strength of REF was
20.4 MPa at 42 days,
while ReB presented a
result 12.1% higher in
the same age (22.9
MPa).
Reference
Study of alkali-activated mortar used as conventional repair in reinforced concrete,
2018.
JOURNAL AUTHOR TITLE WORKDONE RESULTS

1. Research and S. K.Saxena1,2, Effect of Alccofine In this paper •Geopolymerization

Technology Mukesh Kumar2 powder on the geopolymer cement in presence of 14 M
Development and N. B.Singh properties of Pond was made by NaOH and curing at
Centre, Sharda fly ash based activating Pond fly 80 degree C gave
University, Greater Geopolymer mortar ash with 14 M quite high
Noida, India under different NaOH and sodium compressive
2. Research and conditions silicate solutions. strength.
Development Alccofine powder •Incorporation of
Centre, JK Lakshmi was added during alcofine powder
Cement Ltd., Jhajjar geopolymerization enhanced the
Unit, Haryana, India process. compressive
strength of the
mortar and
increased the
durability in
sulphuric acid.
Changes in compressive strength with time of curing at 80 Compressive strength under different curing
deg C conditions including microwave heating
JOURNAL AUTHOR TITLE WORKDONE RESULTS

ELSEVIER,2007 Shuguang Hu et.al Bonding and Three repair •The bond strength
abrasion resistance materials were of GSb at 28 d was
of geopolymeric prepared using higher than those
repair material cement-based, of Gb and Cb.
made with steel geopolymeric, or •The PG values at 3,
slag geopolymeric 7, 28, 56 and 90 d
containing steel slag decreased 48%,
binders. 44%, 29%, 28%,
Their mechanical 29% than PC,
performances such respectively.
as compressive •The addition of
strength, bond steel slag could
strength and improve
abrasion resistance significantly the
were examined abrasion resistance
experimentally. performance of the
geopolymeric
repair.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1504
 OBJECTIVES
• 1. To characterize the pond ash collected from thermal power plant for
physicochemical properties.
• 2. To develop alkali activated mortar with maximum utilization of pond ash
along with supplementary cementitious materials to evaluate the
suitability of Alkali activated pond ash mortar mix as a repair material.
• 3. To study the cost economics with respect to strength of Alkali activated
pond ash mortar mix.
 RESEARCH GAP
• Pond ash is not widely explored for utilization in cement composites.
• Pond ash is rich in silica and alumina which can be explored in geopolymer
composites and to see the process.
• There appears to be very limited or no research on the development of
geopolymer composite as repair material using pond ash.
 METHODS AND METHODOLOGY
1.Literature review
2.Material procurement
3.Characterization of the material

• Particle size distribution

• SEM(scanning electron microscopy) analysis
• EDX(Energy Dispersive X ray spectroscopy)analysis
• Specific gravity
• Fineness test
• Water absorption
4. Mixing
5. Casting and curing
6. Tests on fresh properties
• Flow test
• Setting time
7. Tests on hardened properties
• Compressive strength
• Flexural strength
• Tensile strength
• Chloride ion content test
• Adhesive bond strength test
• Restrained shrinkage test
THANK YOU