IMC 451:

ORGANIZATION OF INFORMATION

Topic 6:
Bibliographic Control Activities
Bibliographic Control in
Library
Background:

Is the Organization of Information in library

Is the skill or art of organizing knowledge

(Information) for the purpose of retrieval

The operation or process by which recorded

information is organized or arranged
according to established standards and thereby
made readily identifiable and retrievable.
BOBLIOGRAPHI
C CONTROL
ACTIVITIES
Bibliographic Control
Activities
BC Activities

Cataloguing Indexing Abstracting

Descriptive
Cataloging

Subject
Cataloging

Classification
Cataloging
Definition
“The science or the profession of classifying books or
other library materials and making out appropriate
entries for library catalogs”
(Webster International Dictionary)

“The process of making entries for a catalogue be

describing volumes according to fairy well-codified
rules. This involves the selection and arrangement of
items signifying the physical aspects of a book or non-
book”
(Encyclopedia Britannica)
Cataloging
• “Cataloguing is one method of bibliographic control
where recorded information being organized or
arranged according to establishes standards and they
are made readily identifiable and retrievable”

• Cataloguing is the preparation of bibliographic

information for catalogue records and cataloguers
use set of cataloguing tools which are the agreed
international rules and standards.
Purpose of Using International Rules &
Standards
Purpose To provide consistency within a single information center – a
description and headings created by one cataloguer need to
be consistent with a description and heading created by
another cataloguer or at a different time
To provide consistency between libraries – in order to share
catalogue records and thus reduce costs in a centralized or
cooperative library system, libraries must use an agreed set
of cataloguing rules
To reduce time involved in cataloguing – if codes did not
exist, cataloguers would have to start from scratch with every
work they catalogued

To provide ease of use for library users using more than one
library
Phases in Cataloging

The Cataloging Process

I. Descriptive Cataloging II. Subject Cataloging

1. Create Unique Bibliographic 2. Provide Access To 1. Perform Subject Analysis

Description (of Book) Bibliographic Record (For
Work)
1. Assign 2. Assign
a) 8 “areas” of Description a) Choice of Access Pts.: Subject Classification
b) ISBD: Form of Entries
Headings Number
i) elements i) main entry
ii) order (verbal (numerical
ii) added entries subject subject
iii) punctuation
access) access)
Authority Control
Cataloging Tools
The Cataloguing Process – Cataloging Tools
Description
I) Descriptive (Creation of AACR2R
bibliographic
Cataloguing record)
ch. 1-12

Choice of AACR2R
entry ch. 21

Cataloguing Form of entry AACR2R

Process - Tools ch. 22-26

Subject headings LCSH / SLSH

II) Subject
Cataloguing Classification DDC

LCC 9
 CATALOG RECORD:
Component of catalog record in ISBD format
(4) Call No. (1) Main Entry Heading

Call No.

Main Entry
Title proper = Parallel title : Other title / Statement of
Responsibility. - Edition statement / Statement of Responsibility
related to edition. - Place of Publication : Publisher, Yr. of
Publication. (2) Description
Physical descrip. : ill. ; Dimension. - (Series ; No.)

Notes.
ISBN.

1. Subject Heading. 2. Subject Heading. I. Name-

Added entry. II. Title-AE. III. Series-AE.
(3) Tracing
Components of Catalog
Record
• Main Entry
– Access point that is chosen as the main or primary one in the library
and archival worlds.
• Description
– Data that describes an information resource, such as its title, its
associated names, its edition, its date of publication, its extent, and
notes identifying pertinent features.
• Tracing
– The set of name, title, and subject access points, other than the
primary access points, that appear at the bottom of the record and are
used to trace the additional copies of the surrogate record.
• Call no.
– A notation on an information resource that matches the same
notation in the surrogate/metadata record; it is the number used to
“call” for an item in a closed stack library.
 MAIN ENTRY: PERSONAL NAME

RT
69
.H66 Ross, Janet S.
1979 Foundation of anatomy and physiology / Janet S. Ross and Kathleen J.W.
Wilson. – 4th ed. – Edinburgh : Pearson, 1979.
453 p. : ill. ; 22 cm. – (An English Language Book Society publication)

Bibliography : p. 445.
ISBN 0-85365-681-9

1. Anatomy, Human. 2. Human physiology. I. Wilson, Kathleen J.W.,

jt.author. II. Title. II. Series.

12
Descriptive Cataloging

Concept is a process of identifying and describing of an

item, the recording of this information in the
form of a cataloguing record and the selection
and formation of access point (with the
exception of subject access point)

Descriptive cataloguing describes the physical

make-up of an item identifies the responsibility
for intellectual contents, without reference to
its classification by subject or to the
assignment of subject headings, both of which
are the province of subject cataloguing.
Descriptive Cataloging

Description of Physically description – description

Data and Access
Point of a particular item started with
title and end with ISBN (8 Areas)

Determined main entry and added

entry or entries

Identify the responsibility for the

contents of the material without
refers to subject classification
Descriptive Cataloging

Description of Physically description – description

Data and Access
Point of a particular item started with
title and end with ISBN (8 Areas)

Determined main entry and added

entry or entries

Identify the responsibility for the

contents of the material without
refers to subject classification
Bibliographic Elements

1- Title and statement of responsibilities

8 2- Edition statement
Areas 3- Material specific details
4- Publication and distribution area
5- Physical descriptions
6- Series statement
7- Notes area
8- Standard numbers and terms of availability
SUBJECT
ANALYSIS
Subject Analysis

Conceptual - The part of indexing and cataloging that

deals with the conceptual analysis of an
Analysis information resource.

- The translation of that conceptual

analysis into a framework for a particular
classification, subject heading, or indexing
system.

- Using the framework to assign specific

notations or terminology to the
information resource.
Subject Analysis

1) Examination of the intellectual or creative

Steps in contents to understand :
- What the item is about?
subject - What the item is (eg: its form and genre)

analysis 2) A single sentence or a short paragraph

describing and summarizing one’s understanding
of the aboutness is written.

3) Translating the aboutness statement into the

specific symbols and/or terminology found in the
subject languages employed.
Subject Analysis

Objectives: a) To provide users with subject

access to information resources.

b) To collocate information
resources.

c) To provide a logical location for

similar tangible information
resources on the shelves.
Subject Analysis

Challenges: a) To provide users with subject

access to information resources.

b) To collocate information
resources.

c) To provide a logical location for

similar tangible information
resources on the shelves.
Subject Cataloging

Subject cataloguing involves determining

Concept what subject concepts are covered by the
intellectual content of a work.

Once this has been determined, as many

subject headings as are appropriate are
chosen from a standard list.

The final step in the process usually is to

choose a classification notation from
whatever classification scheme is used by
the library
Subject Cataloging

Introduction Analyze the subject of the

particular item and
determined the subject
headings

Using Library of Congress

Subject Headings (LCSH) or
a similar authoritative
subject headings list
Classification

Concept The placing of subjects into categories in

organization of information.

Classification is the process of determining where

an information resource fits into a given hierarchy
and often then assigning the notation associated
with the appropriate level of the hierarchy to the
information resource and to its surrogate.
Classification

Classification Classification determines a classification

Scheme number for an item, which represents the
subject of the work in a number and/or
letters,

Example of classification scheme such as

Library of Congress Classification (LCC),
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC),
Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and
provide a location for an item in a
collections.
Cataloging Workflow
CATALOGUING PROCEDURE: A WORKFLOW
Check the Library’s
Items from main catalogue / ISBD description Original
Acquisition bibliographic file Cataloguing
Dept.

Check Authority Assign Entry:

Copy cataloguing: CIP, Record/File AACR2, NUC,
NUC, BNB, MNB, etc. BNB, etc.

Check Shelflist and Subject

assign Call No. cataloguing /
classification

Prepare catalogue records on

cards / computer Label items

Prepare Added entry records &

References Prepare statistic

Arrange cards in Catalogue drawers / Arrange items on shelves,

Records on OPAC etc.
Cataloging Workflow
Bibliographic Control Levels
Indexing

Is the process of analyzing the informational contents of

Concept records of knowledge and expressing the informational
content in the language of the indexing system

It involves:
- Selecting indexable concepts in a document
- Expressing these concepts in the language of the indexing system (as index entries)
- Ordered list
Indexing

Is the process of analyzing the informational contents of

Concept records of knowledge and expressing the informational
content in the language of the indexing system

It involves:
- Selecting indexable concepts in a document
- Expressing these concepts in the language of the indexing system (as index entries)
- Ordered list
Indexing

An indexing system – a set of prescribed procedure (manual

Concept and/or machine) for organizing the contents of records of
knowledge for purpose of retrieval and dissemination

Indexer should provides users with various access

points (author, title, subject etc.) to allow user to
find precisely what is needed
Abstracting

Preparation of abstract, usually in a limited

Concept field by an individual or organization

Books or articles in periodicals are summarized and they are

accompanied by adequate bibliographical description to enable the
publications or articles to be traced and are frequently arranged in
classified order
Abstracting

Abstracting services are an extension of indexes – performing

Concept the same function in locating and recording the contents of
periodicals, books and various types of documents

The differences are:

Abstract include a summary of the material indexed.
Abstract tend to be confined to narrow subject areas
Abstracting

Concept The arrangement rarely follows the

single author.

Abstract provides a clue to the relevance of the

material while index gives only a key to where the
material is located.
Thank You…