TYPES OF TOURNAMENTS

DEFINITION:
 Tournaments:
a series of games or contests that make up
a single unit of competition, the championship
playoffs of a league or conference or an
invitational event.

a sports competition in which players who

win a match continue to play further matches
in the competition until just one person or
team is left.
 IMPORTANCE OF TOURNAMENT:
 Tournaments are important in the field of sports. The tournaments are not only
significant to the players but to the coaches and physical education teachers
also. 
a. Development of sports skills: By participating in tournaments sportspersons do
not develop only technical skills of the sports but also the tactical skills. 
b. Helpful in selection of players: On the basis of tournaments good players can
be selected by observing their performance in a tournament. 
c. Popularity and publicity of sports: Tournaments are helpful in publicizing the
sports. It creates interest in that sport. 
d. A source of recreation: Sports tournaments provide ample recreation to the
spectators. 
e. Development of social qualities: Social traits such as tolerance sympathy
cooperation group cohesion, etc, are developed among participants through
sports tournaments. 
f. Development of national and international integration: Sports tournaments are
helpful in developing national integration as well as international unity and
brotherhood.
 HERE ARE 5 REASONS WHY
COMPETITIVE SPORT IS IMPORTANT IN
EDUCATION
 Encourages higher standards of achievement
It’s only natural to apply more effort when the stakes are higher and
less effort when the outcome is of less importance. With greater
effort in sport comes greater improvement in a variety of different
areas like skills, fitness, teamwork and potentially awards.
 Encourages physical activity
It is obviously possible to participate in physical activity in a non-
competitive environment and many people do so on a regular basis.
However, in a competitive environment, students will often push
themselves harder in training and in matches. This extra effort
results in improved fitness levels as well as extending an
individual’s boundaries about their perception of what they are
physically capable of.
 Builds discipline
Competitive sport requires dedicated training and practice. Taking part in
such training and seeing improvement helps students to understand that with
hard work, often comes results. When they experience these improvements,
their self-esteem grows and they broaden their limitations of what they can
achieve. Goal setting is also an important part of competitive sports. At the
start of a season, a coach will often guide students in setting team and
individual goals to work towards. Good goal setting techniques are highly
transferable skills that can be applied across all areas of schooling and life.

 Teaches how to lose well/deal with disappointment

Losing well is a skill best learnt early and learnt well. Competitive sport is
the perfect place to develop this skill as many students are at an age where
they are maturing and deciding what type of person they want to be.
Engraining good sportsmanship early can ensure students carry these good
practices across every aspect of their lives and into their adulthood. Equally
as important is teaching students to win gracefully. Competitive sport,
especially when the stakes are high and emotions invested, provides ample
opportunity for these lessons to be taught, learnt and practiced.
 Builds camaraderie and teamwork
Team sports are one of the best examples to showcase the need
for teamwork to achieve success. Regular training and
competition provides regular community and bonding.
Working together towards a common goal is one of the most
effective ways to grow camaraderie and friendship. It’s this
shared experience and emotion that builds loyalty and trust
within a team. And it’s not just team sports that require team
work. Athletes in individual sports also require support from
their coach, friends and family, whom all share in the journey
through the sporting season.
Types of Tournaments
 TYPES OF TOURNAMENTS
ROUND ROBIN TOURNAMENT

A round-robin tournament (or all-play-all tournament) is

a competition in which each contestant meets all other
contestants in turn.

Ways of determining the winner:

1. Most number of wins

2. In case of a tie- win over the other rule
3. In case of a triple tie, quotient point system is used.
EXAMPLE: 4 TEAMS
 Determine the number of games by using the formula = N(N-
1) = 4(4-1) = 4(3) = 12 = 6 games
2 2 2 2
 Ramification – distribution of teams to play

 Steps:

1. Divide the teams into two, and arrange the numbers

then rotate the numbers in clockwise position

keeping position number 1 steady.
RR1 RR2 RR3
G1 - 1 vs 4G3 - 1 vs 3 G5 - 1 vs 2
G2 - 2 vs 3 G4 - 4 vs 2 G6 - 3 vs 4
EXAMPLE: 5 TEAMS
 Determine the number of games by using the formula = N(N-
1) = 5(5-1) = 5(4) = 20 = 10 games
2 2 2 2
 Ramification – distribution of teams to play

 Steps:

1. Divide the teams into two, and have one position as B (Bye)
– a team that does not play in the first round.
2. Arrange the numbers then rotate the numbers in clockwise
position keeping position number B steady.
EXAMPLE: 5 TEAMS

RR1 RR2 RR3

B vs 5 B vs 4 B vs 3
G1 - 1 vs 4 G3 - 5 vs 3 G5 - 4 vs 2
G2 - 2 vs 3 G4 –1 vs 2 G6 - 5 vs 1

RR4 RR5
B vs 2 B vs 1
G7 - 3 vs 1 G9 - 2 vs 5
G8 - 4 vs 5 G10 –3 vs 4
 SINGLE ELIMINATION TOURNAMENT
 A single-elimination, knockout, or sudden death
tournament is a type of elimination tournament where
the loser of each match-up is immediately eliminated
from the tournament.
 Each winner will play another in the next round, until the
final match-up, whose winner becomes the tournament
champion. 
SINGLE ELIMINATION

Steps:
1. Determine the number of games using the formula G= N-1
2. Determine the number of teams to play first and the number of
byes using the Power of Twos or Pof 2’s

3. Power of two’s is a number from 2, 4,8,16, 32

4. It should be higher than the number of teams
5. Example: 5 the Pof2’s is 8. 10 is 16, etc.
6. P2-G=B G-B= P
7. 4-3=1 3-1=2
EXAMPLE: 4 TEAMS
1. Number of Games: N-1 = 4-1 = 3 games
2. Power of 2’s 4 – 4 = 0 meaning: all the teams will
play in the first round
3. Ramification:

____1________ w1
_____2____G1 W3 = champion
______3______ w2 G3
_______4__G2
EXAMPLE: 5 TEAMS
1. Number of Games: N-1 = 5-1 = 4 games
2. Power of 2’s 8 – 5 = 3 meaning: 3 teams will all be the
Bye’s and 2 teams will play in the first round.
3. Ramification:

____1_ B _______________ w3
_____2_______ G3
______3__G1 _ w1 G4 Champion
_______4___________________
_______5_ ____ _________ G2 W2
DOUBLE ELIMINATION

A double-elimination tournament is a type of elimination

tournament competition in which a participant ceases to be
eligible to win the tournament's championship upon having
lost two games or matches.
It stands in contrast to a single-elimination tournament, in
which only one defeat results in elimination.
1. Number of Games = 2 (N-1) = 2 ( 4-1) = 2 (3)
= 6 games (even number of teams)

Odd number of teams: 2 (N-1) =2 (5-1) = 2(4)

= 8 games

Examples:

6 teams: 2(N-1) = 2(5-1) = 2(4) = 8 games

2. Power of Two’s 4 teams = use 4

5 teams = use 8
 CONSOLATION TOURNAMENT
 It provides a chance to the defeated teams to play again
and show their skill/performance and win subsidiary
honours.

 Consolation tournament type I:

In this type of tournament all the teams that were defeated
in the first round of regular single elimination tournament
and the teams that got byes in the first round but were
defeated in second round will play among themselves in
consolation tournament for subsidiary honours.
 Consolation tournament type II:

In this type of tournament every loser of regular round will

have an opportunity to play in the consolation round to win
the subsidiary honours.

The arrangement of the teams should be such that teams

that meet in regular rounds do not meet in early rounds of
the consolation.
  Challenge Tournaments

Participants challenge each other. This type of

tournament can be carried on with little
supervision.

Ladder - good for individual contests and can be self-directed.

Pyramid - good for large numbers of individuals and can be

self-directed.
 LADDER TOURNAMENT
 Players should be seeded.
 Participants move up if they win and down if they lose.
 Players may challenge any of the three opponents above.
 A deadline date should be set by which a winner is declared.
 This type of tournament is best suited for individual sports because
participants are ranked by ability when the tournament is completed.
 Pyramid tournament
 This type of challenge tournament is recommended for a
large number of individuals.
 Players may challenge any player horizontally. Winners
may challenge opponents in the row above.

 A variation may be used in which winners of a challenge

are placed in the bottom row. Bottom row winners move to
the second row if a vacancy exists. They continue in this
manner to move up until a winner is determined.
 SWISS-STYLE TOURNAMENT
 This tournament offers several advantages over single and
double elimination tournaments, as all teams participate in
the same number of rounds allowing everyone to enjoy a full
day of play.
 It also allows an accurate assessment of playing strengths for
a large grouping of teams without the need for a prohibitively
large number of games like Round Robin Tournaments.
 It is also satisfying to all participants as players who are still
new to the game may have a chance to win. Odd number of
teams can be scheduled as well without too much difficulty.
 In the Swiss system, players are paired off each round
according to their cumulative score. 
 https://doubtnut.com/pcmb-questions/what-is-importanc
e-of-tournament-explain-in-brief
 https://us.humankinetics.com/blogs/excerpt/understandin
g-tournaments-and-league
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladder_tournament

 http://splendidcity.net/support/SchedulingBasics/tourna
ment_pyramid.htm
 http://splendidcity.net/support/SchedulingBasics/tourna
ment_ladder.htm
