PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

Presented by:
HARSHIT TIWARI(1818987020)
EKANSH DUBEY(1818987018)
NEERAJ YADAV(1818987035)
PRAKHAR SRIVASTAVA(1818987038)
RATNESH KUMAR MISHRA(1818987041)
SWAPNIL SHARMA (1818987055)
B.TECH(PLASTICS ENGINEERING )
II YEAR
 INTRODUCTION

• Plastics are polymers large molecules Made of repeating Units of

smaller molecules (monomers) that are chemically bound .A
Polymer is like a chain In which each Link Is a moment .
• Synthesis of plastics
 TYPES OF PLASTICS

• Plastics, depending on their physical properties, may be classified as thermoplastic or thermosetting

plastic materials.
• Thermoplastic materials can be formed into desired shapes under heat and pressure and become solids
on cooling. If they are subjected to the same conditions of heat and pressure, they can be remoulded.
• Thermosetting materials which once shaped cannot be softened/ remoulded by the application of heat.
• Out of total uses of plastic, 80% are Thermoplastic and 20% are Thermosetting.
CATEGORIZATION OF PLASTICS
PROBLEMS DUE TO PLASTIC
WASTE
• Plastic pollute beaches & oceans.
• Plastic bags litter the landscape.
• Plastic bags kill animals.
• During product manufacturing various types of gases are released.
• Indiscriminate plastic waste disposal on land makes the land infertile due to its impervious nature.
• Burning of plastics generates toxic emissions such as Carbon Monoxide, Chlorine, Hydrochloric Acid, Dioxin, Furans, Amines, Nitrides, Styrene,
Benzene, 1, 3-butadiene, CCl4, and Acetaldehyde.
• Sub-standard plastic bags, films etc. pose problem in
• collection and recycling.
• Littered plastics give unaesthetic look and choke the drain.
• Garbage mixed with plastics interferes in waste processing facilities and also cause problems in landfill operations.
• Lead and Cadmium pigments, commonly used in LDPE, HDPE and PP as additives are toxic and are known to leach out.
• Non-recyclable plastic wastes poses disposal problem.
SOURCES OF PLASTIC WASTE -
PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT
• Disposing of plastic waste is trickier than dealing with
other traditional landfill material. Not only does plastic
take thousands of years to break down, it can leach
dangerous poison into the environment. Plastic is not
going away, but how plastic waste is managed is becoming
more sophisticated. Managing plastic waste starts at
home with the consumer, but ultimately depends on
governments around the world as well.
 PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

• Disposal of plastic waste is a serious concern in India. New technologies have been developed to minimize their adverse effect on
the environment.

• Recycling of plastics through environmentally sound manner

• Plastics recycling technologies have been historically divided into four general types- primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.

• Steps Involved in the Recycling Process:

• Selection: The recyclers/reprocessors have to select the waste
/scrap which are suitable for recycling/ reprocessing.
• Segregation: The plastics waste shall be segregated as per the codes mentioned in the BiS guidelines.
• Processing: After selection and segregation of the preconsumer waste (factory waste) shall be directly recycled. The post
consumer waste (used plastic waste) shall be washed, shredded, agglomerated, extruded and granulated.
 4 –R FOR PLASTICS

• -
LANDFILLING
• Landfill is the conventional approach to waste management, but space for
landfills is becoming scarce in some countries.
• A well-managed landfill site results in limited immediate environmental harm
beyond the impacts of collection and transport, although there are long-term
risks of contamination of soils and groundwater by some additives and
breakdown by products in plastics, which can become persistent organic
pollutants.
• A major drawback to landfills from a sustainability aspect is that none of the
material resources used to produce the plastic is recovered.
 INCINERATION
• Incineration reduces the need for landfill of plastics waste, however, there
are concerns that hazardous substances may be released into the
atmosphere in the process.
• Incineration can be used with recovery of some of the energy content in
the plastic.
• The useful energy recovered can vary considerably depending on whether
it is used for electricity generation, combined heat and power, or as solid
refuse fuel for co-fuelling of blast furnaces or cement kilns.
• Polymer Blended Bitumen Road
• A brief description of the technique used in laying road using plastic waste is given in figure.
PLASMA PYROLYSIS TECHNOLOGY(PPT)
Pyrolysis is the thermal disintegration of carbonaceous material in oxygen-
starved atmosphere.
• The intense and versatile heat generation capabilities of Plasma Pyrolysis
technology enable it to dispose of all types of plastic waste including
polymeric, biomedical and hazardous waste in a safe and reliable manner.
• When optimized, the most likely compounds formed are methane,
carbon monoxide, hydrogen carbon dioxide and water molecules.
CONCLUSION
• Plastic Waste Management has assumed great significance in view
of the urbanisation activities.
• Various strategies are being devised to mitigate the impact of
plastic waste in India.
• Some significant challenges still exist from bothtechnological
factors and from economic or socialbehaviour issues relating to the
collection of recyclable wastes, and substitution for virgin material.
 THE END
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