Graphs of Quadratic

Functions
15.3
 
Pairs of numbers
x +2 that multiply to
make “+8”:
x x² ?x +1 and +8
Add -1 and -8
to +2 and +4
+4 ?x +6x
+8 -2 and -4
Which pair adds to
  make “+6”?
 
Pairs of numbers
x -2 that multiply to
make “+16”:
x x² ?x +1 and +16
Add -1 and -16
to +2 and +8
-8 ?x +16
-10x -2 and -8
+4 and +4
  Which-4pair
andadds
-4 to
make “-10”?
Starter
By factorising, solve the equations
1) x2 + 9x + 20 = 0 2) x2 – x – 2 = 0
x = - 4 or - 5 x = - 1 or 2
3) x2 + 4x – 32 = 0 4) x2 – 7x + 10 = 0
x = - 8 or 4 x = 2 or 5
5) x + 3x – 4 = 0
2
6) x + 10x + 25 = 0
2

x = - 4 or 1 x= -5
7) x + 2x – 3 = 0
2
8) x – 8x + 16 = 0
2

x = - 3 or 1 x=4
9) x + 10x + 9 = 0
2
10) 2x + 5x – 12 = 0
2

x = - 9 or - 1 x = 1.5 or -4
Completing the Square
   Example:
Write in the form .

Start by doing this:

From the
Half the 8 question
Square the
4
 
Answer:
Completing the Square
   Example:
Write in the form .

Start by doing this:

From the
Half the -10 question
Square the
5
 
Answer:
Completing the Square
 Complete the square
1) x2 + 12x + 5 2) x2 – 4x – 11
(x + 6)2 - 31 (x - 2)2 - 15

3) x2 + 8x – 13 4) x2 – 16x + 22
(x + 4)2 - 29 (x - 8)2 - 42

5) x2 + 5x – 3
(x + 2.5)2 – 9.25
Graphs of Quadratic Functions
 We can tell a lot about a graph without even
plotting it – just by using the equation (name)

1. The Roots (where it crosses the x-axis)

2. The Intercept (where it crosses the y-axis)
3. The Turning Point (where the gradient
changes from negative to positive or vice
versa)
4. Whether the turning point is a Maximum
point or Minimum point
1. Roots
2
x + 2x - 3 = 0

Factorised:
(x + 3) (x - 1) = 0

Therefore:
x = -3 and x = 1

Look at the graph

1. Roots
The Roots of a quadratic are where the graph
intersects with the x-axis.

They can be found by solving the quadratic

equation when y = 0.

This can be done by factorising, completing

the square or using the quadratic formula.
2. Intercept
2
y = x + 2x - 3

We can also see the

intercept
2. Intercept
The Intercept is where the graph cuts the y-
axis.

This is always the (+c) (end number) of the

quadratic equation
3. Turning Point
2
y = x + 2x – 3

Completed Square:

y = (x + 1)2 – 4
3. Turning Point
The turning point of a quadratic is where the
gradient changes from negative to positive or
vice versa.

This can be found by completing the square in

the form y = a(x + b)2 + c

The coordinate of the turning point is (-b, c)

4. Max or Min
y = x2 + 2x – 3

If a quadratic is
positive (U Shape)
the turning point will
be a Minimum.

If it is a negative (n
Shape) it will be a
maximum
4. Max or Min
The Turning Point is either a Maximum value or
a Minimum value.

If a quadratic is positive (U Shape) the turning

point will be a Minimum.

If it is a negative (n Shape) it will be a

Maximum
Graphs of Quadratic Functions
Using these 4 attributes 1. Roots:
of a quadratic function (x+9) (x+1) = 0
we can sketch the x = -9 x = -1
graph. (-9, 0) (-1, 0)
2. Intercept:
For example: +9 (0, 9)
3. Turning Point:
y = x2 + 10x + 9 y = (x+5)2 -16
(-5, -16)
4. Max/Min:
Minimum
Graphs of Quadratic
Functions
Lets plot these
y = x2 + 10x + 9

1. Roots:
(-9, 0) (-1, 0)
2. Intercept:
(0, 9)
3. Turning Point:
(-5, -16)
4. Max/Min:
Min
 Starter
y = x2 + 6x + 8

1. Roots: (-4, 0) (-2, 0)

2. Intercept: (0, 8)

3. Turning Point: (-3, -1)

4. Max/Min: Min
Your Go